Mandatory 8-hr OSH Seminar for

Workers
Module 3 | Recognizing Safety Hazards &
Appropriate Control Measures
Objectives:
• Participants will be able to recognize safety hazards and appropriate
safety measures in their workplaces
• Basic Safety Rules and Measures for Workplace Hazards
- Housekeeping and 5S
- Machine Safety
- Electrical Safety
- Fire Safety
- Chemical Safety
- Materials Handling Storage

Module 3 | Recognizing Safety Hazards & Appropriate Control Measures 1

 Housekeeping

Good housekeeping is the foundation of a

safe, healthy and pleasant workplace.

It is essential that all areas be kept clean,

orderly, and with all necessary things in the
proper places.

Module 3 | Recognizing Safety Hazards & Appropriate Control Measures 2

 Cost of Poor Housekeeping

• Slips, trips, falls

• Fires
• Chemical and machine accidents
• Injuries from electrical problems
• Collisions and falling objects
• Health problems

Module 3 | Recognizing Safety Hazards & Appropriate Control Measures 3

 Golden Housekeeping Rules
• If you remove something, replace it.
• If you unlock it, lock it.
• If you open it, close it.
• If you switched it on, did you switch it off?
• If you break it, fix it, if you borrowed it, look after it, if you use it,
look after it as if it were yours.
• If you spill it, wipe it up.
• If you mess up, clean up.
• To get others to follow, set the example.

Module 3 | Recognizing Safety Hazards & Appropriate Control Measures 4

 Employee’s Housekeeping Responsibility
The individual employee’s responsibility, is as follows:
To keep work areas clean, neat, tidy and free from
excessive material at all times.

Good housekeeping is a team effort and

a team is made up of individuals.

Module 3 | Recognizing Safety Hazards & Appropriate Control Measures 5

 Benefits of Good Housekeeping

• Eliminates accident and fire hazards

• Maintains safe, healthy work conditions
• Saves time, money, materials, space, and effort
• Improves productivity and quality
• Boosts morale
• Reflects a well-run organization

Module 3 | Recognizing Safety Hazards & Appropriate Control Measures 6

 You are the CHAMPION of good
housekeeping.

Module 3 | Recognizing Safety Hazards & Appropriate Control Measures 7

Let’s take a look at our WORKPLACE.
Which of the following best describes the present condition of your WORKPLACE?

Class A: Nobody dirt and throws things around.

Everybody helps to keep the place clean and organize.
Employees are happy, greet each other and not absent/late

Class B: Employees dirt and throws things around but

there are janitors/cleaners who clean-up and put things in order.

Class C: Everybody dirt and throws things around and

there is nobody to clean and organize the place.
Employees have low morale, always absent/late.

Which Class does your WORKPLACE belong?

Module 3 | Recognizing Safety Hazards & Appropriate Control Measures 8

The purpose of 5S is;
　 to make the situation of workplace visible 　　

Abnormal
Normal

To build up a workplace where “You can deal with

abnormality” and ”Plans to prevent re-
occurrence” are taken.

Module 3 | Recognizing Safety Hazards & Appropriate Control Measures 9

 WHAT IS 5S?
A principle of WASTE elimination through workplace
organization.

A visually-oriented system of cleanliness, organization,

and arrangement designed to facilitate greater
Productivity, Quality & Safety. It provides a foundation
for more responsible behavior on the job—better work,
better products, better morale

Derived from the Japanese words Seiri, Seiton, Seiso, Seiketsu, &
Shitsuke.
Module 3 | Recognizing Safety Hazards & Appropriate Control Measures 10
 BENEFITS
• Improves Productivity

• Improves Quality

• Improves Safety
• Reduce Cost

• Makes delivery on time

• Improves Morale
Module 3 | Recognizing Safety Hazards & Appropriate Control Measures 11
 5S PHILOSOPHY
 Productivity comes from the elimination of MUDA (wastes)

 It is necessary to attack the root cause of a problem, not just the

symptoms

 Participation of everybody is required

Module 3 | Recognizing Safety Hazards & Appropriate Control Measures 12

 Famous “7 Waste” in business world
Kind of Wastes Contents
①Over production
Produce more; Produce earlier than it is necessary.

Wait for materials, work, inspection, transportation, setup,

② Wait and watching equipments, etc

Transfer from one location to another; Load/unload of

③ Transportation unnecessary items; Too long transportation

Unnecessary processing; not efficient processing

④ Processing
Storage of items (materials, WIP, products)
⑤ Stock
Unnecessary movement; Empty walk; One hand operation;
⑥ Motion Unreasonable posture which create no added value etc.
Defect of materials, processing, returning defective items
⑦ Defect ・ rework (claim), rework of defect etc.

Module 3 | Recognizing Safety Hazards & Appropriate Control Measures 13

5S CYCLE
1.Seiri/Sort/ 2. Seiton/
Suriin Systematize/
-Separate needed Sinupin
from not needed items. Arrange
Arrange necessary
necessary
-Dispose itemsin
itemsin good
good order
order
unnecessary 5.
items Shitsuke/
Self
Discipline
4. Seiketsu/ / Sariling
Sanitize/ Kusa 3. Seiso/
Siguruhin ang Sweep/Simutin
kalinisan -Clean the workplace
-
-Maintain high immediately
standard of
housekeeping

Module 3 | Recognizing Safety Hazards & Appropriate Control Measures 14

 SEIRI/SORT/SURIIN

First,
Dispose
unnecessary
items! GOOD

NG
Procedure for promoting SEIRI KEYPOINTS:
1.Decide the range of target • To clear up/throw away
(NORMAL vs ABNORMAL) • Needed vs. Unneeded
2.Separate • Inspection of what is needed
　　① UNNECESSARY ITEMS
・ old, obsolete, not used anymore
＜ Points how to manage well ＞
　　　 ・ Defective, broken materials
①For unnecessary items, decide disposal that instant.
・ Broken cutter or tools
　　② Items of less frequent use ②Decide where to throw away.
　　③ Items frequently used
③Mgr must decide what is necessary/unnecessary
④Make ALL understand how much loss is created by bad SEIRI. 　
3.Throw away unnecessary items
Module 3 | Recognizing Safety Hazards & Appropriate Control Measures 15
 BENEFITS when SORT discipline is well established
and implemented:
Throw away 1 Problems in the work flow are reduced if not e
eliminated; output is increased
2 Communication between workers is improved
nnecessary things!3 Product quality is continually improved
4 Wasted Space is reduced if not eliminated
5 Wasted Time looking for parts or tools and other
needed items is reduced
6 Overstocking is prevented and avoided

KEYPOINTS:
• To clear up
• Needed vs. Unneeded
• Inspection of what is needed
UNIDENTIFIED WHAT IS NEEDED ON A SPECIFIC
ACTIVITY
Module 3 | Recognizing Safety Hazards & Appropriate Control Measures 16
 SEITON/SYSTEMATIZE/SINUPIN
Make area for necessary items!

Module 3 | Recognizing Safety Hazards & Appropriate Control Measures 17

 SEITON/SYSTEMATIZE/SINUPIN

Organizing!

KEYPOINTS:
Everything should be:
Easy to SEE
Easy to GET and
Easy to RETURN

Module 3 | Recognizing Safety Hazards & Appropriate Control Measures 18

 SEISO/SWEEP/SIMUTIN
Clean up one’s workplace so that there are no dust on floors and
equipment.

– make time for cleaning the work area. Clean as you go.
- No trash, candy wrapper, paper, tissue, hair strand on the floor

- Dispose WASTE in appropriate bins, not on the floor, table, anywhere..

Module 3 | Recognizing Safety Hazards & Appropriate Control Measures 19

SEIKETSU/STANDARDIZE/SIGURUHIN ANG KALINISAN

Maintain High Standard of Cleanliness &

Organization

*Have a regular day or time for cleaning

Ex: Every start of day & before going home

*Everybody are involved in maintaining cleanliness

*Make Cleaning and Organizing a Daily Habit

Module 3 | Recognizing Safety Hazards & Appropriate Control Measures 20

SEIKETSU/STANDARDIZE/SIGURUHIN ANG KALINISAN

Do things spontaneously without being

told/ordered
 Having an initiative to do work and start work without being told.

 Having the discipline to follow rules without being told or even if nobody is around
to take notice.

 Always follow and observe company rules and regulations

Module 3 | Recognizing Safety Hazards & Appropriate Control Measures 21

 5S POLICY & PRACTICES

1. Uniform
2. Eating
3. Sleeping
4. Walking
5. Greetings
6. Punctuality
7. Toilet Cleanliness
8. Return / Arrange chairs after use
9. Labels

Module 3 | Recognizing Safety Hazards & Appropriate Control Measures 22

 In summary:

Discipline
 Know What is Right

 Value What is Right

 Do What is Right
 Self Discipline: Employee understands, obeys, and practices the
rules all the time.

Module 3 | Recognizing Safety Hazards & Appropriate Control Measures 23

In summary:

5 SECRETS to SUCCESS
1. Provide encouragement at every opportunity
2. Make explanations easy to understand
3. Involved everyone
4. Be disciplined
5. Practice, DO (what is right)

Module 3 | Recognizing Safety Hazards & Appropriate Control Measures 24

In summary:
5S & EFFICIENCY
 Time is wasted looking for tools, equipment and paperwork, etc
 A clean and tidy workplace leads to greater well being and increased
motivation

Teamwork makes unexciting work more rewarding

 Breakdowns caused by the elimination of dirt need never occur
 Clear labelling and routine maintenance are essential disciplines
 A clean workplace highlights problems early

5S & SAFETY
Dirty cluttered workplaces are not safe
Safety depends on good care and organisation

Module 3 | Recognizing Safety Hazards & Appropriate Control Measures 25

Machine Safety
Hazardous Mechanical Motions and Actions
Motions:
1. Rotating
Rotating motion can be dangerous - even smooth, slowly rotating
shafts can catch clothing, and through mere skin contact force an
arm or hand into a dangerous position. Injuries due to contact with
rotating parts can be severe.

Module 3 | Recognizing Safety Hazards & Appropriate Control Measures 26

Hazardous Mechanical Motions and Actions
2. Reciprocating
Reciprocating motions may be hazardous because during the back-
and-forth or up-and-down motion, a worker may be struck by or
caught between a moving and a stationary part.

Module 3 | Recognizing Safety Hazards & Appropriate Control Measures 27

Hazardous Mechanical Motions and Actions

3. Transverse
Transverse motion (movement in a straight, continuous line) creates
a hazard because a worker may be struck or caught in a pinch or
shear point by the moving part.

Module 3 | Recognizing Safety Hazards & Appropriate Control Measures 28

Hazardous Mechanical Motions and Actions
Actions:
1. Cutting
The danger of cutting action exists at the point of operation where
finger, arm and body injuries can occur, hazards are present at the
point of operation in cutting wood, metal, or other materials.

Module 3 | Recognizing Safety Hazards & Appropriate Control Measures 29

Hazardous Mechanical Motions and Actions
2. Punching
The danger of this type of action occurs at the point of operation
where stock is inserted, held, and withdrawn by hand.

Module 3 | Recognizing Safety Hazards & Appropriate Control Measures 30

Hazardous Mechanical Motions and Actions

3. Shearing
Shearing action involves applying power to a slide or knife in order to
trim or shear metal or other materials. A hazard occurs at the
point of operation where stock is actually inserted, held, and
withdrawn.

Module 3 | Recognizing Safety Hazards & Appropriate Control Measures 31

Hazardous Mechanical Motions and Actions

4. Bending
Bending action results when power is applied to a slide in order to
draw or stamp metal or other materials. A hazard occurs at the
point of operation where stock is inserted, held, and withdrawn.

Module 3 | Recognizing Safety Hazards & Appropriate Control Measures 32

 Machine Safety Rules
• Avoid loose clothing or jewellery and tie up loose hair to prevent it from
becoming entangled in the moving parts
• NEVER remove or try to defeat machine guards
• Don’t create new hazards, such as allowing objects to fall into moving parts.
• Ensure the machine is unplugged or locked and tagged out before removing
guards for cleaning or maintenance
• NEVER leave machines unattended with parts still moving
• Maintain blades and bits in good condition and replace when damaged

Module 3 | Recognizing Safety Hazards & Appropriate Control Measures 33

 Importance of Machine Safety
Why it is necessary to have safety program
for machine operations?

It prevent amputations, lacerations, crushing injuries

and abrasions

Module 3 | Recognizing Safety Hazards & Appropriate Control Measures 34

 What to do?
Install/provide machine safeguarding to dangerous moving parts

Module 3 | Recognizing Safety Hazards & Appropriate Control Measures 36

Electrical Safety
Electricity

Electricity is essential and considered as among the basic needs of

everybody.

However, it is also among the common causes of

occupational accidents resulting to injuries, death
and property damage.

Module 3 | Recognizing Safety Hazards & Appropriate Control Measures 37

 Elements of Electricity

• Voltage
what makes electric charges move
• Resistance
measures how the device or material
reduces the electric current flow
through it. The resistance is measured
in units of ohms (Ω).
• Current
flow of electric charge

Module 3 | Recognizing Safety Hazards & Appropriate Control Measures 38

 Electrical Hazards

Module 3 | Recognizing Safety Hazards & Appropriate Control Measures 39

 Results of Electrical Hazards
1. Burns
2. Fire

3. Electric Shock

Module 3 | Recognizing Safety Hazards & Appropriate Control Measures 40

 Basic Electrical Safety

1. Inspect Cords and Plugs

2. Eliminate Octopus Connections
3. Never Break OFF the Third Prong on a
Plug
4. Never Use Extension Cords as
Permanent Wiring

Module 3 | Recognizing Safety Hazards & Appropriate Control Measures 41

Fire Safety
Module 3 | Recognizing Safety Hazards & Appropriate Control Measures 42
Fire
Is a chemical reaction between a flammable
or combustible material and oxygen.
The elements of fire are Fuel, Oxygen, Heat and a
Chain Reaction.

Module 3 | Recognizing Safety Hazards & Appropriate Control Measures 43

Fuel
- Any material that will burn
Flammable Substance

- is a substance having a flashpoint below 100 °F (37.8 °C) and vapor pressure not
exceeding 20 psia at 100 °F.
Flashpoint
Gasoline -45⁰F | -42.8⁰C
Ether -49⁰F | -45⁰C
Acetone 0 | -17.8 ⁰C
Alcohol 55 | 12.8 ⁰C
Combustible Substance

- is a substance having a flashpoint at or above 100⁰F (37.8⁰C).

Flashpoint
Fuel Oil 100⁰F | 37.8⁰C
Kerosene 100⁰F | 37.8⁰C
Quenching Oil 365 | 185 ⁰C
Mineral Oil 380 | 193.3 ⁰C
Module 3 | Recognizing Safety Hazards & Appropriate Control Measures 44
Heat

- A heat source is responsible for the initial ignition or start of a fire. A heat
source can be generated by a cigarette, electrical current or portable heater.

Oxygen

- Air contains approximately 21 percent oxygen.

Most fires only require 16 percent.

Module 3 | Recognizing Safety Hazards & Appropriate Control Measures 45

How to Extinguish a Fire?
The fire triangle demonstrates the principles of extinguishing fire. If
we remove any of the three legs of the triangle, we will be able to
extinguish the fire.

1. Removing Fuel

Module 3 | Recognizing Safety Hazards & Appropriate Control Measures 46

How to Extinguish a Fire?
2. Removing Oxygen
- Suffocating the Fire

Module 3 | Recognizing Safety Hazards & Appropriate Control Measures 47

How to Extinguish a Fire?
3. Removing Heat
- The most common agent used is water or incorporated in foam.

Module 3 | Recognizing Safety Hazards & Appropriate Control Measures 48

How to Extinguish a Fire?

4. Interrupting the chain reaction

Module 3 | Recognizing Safety Hazards & Appropriate Control Measures 49

 Classification of fires

Class A

Are those fueled by materials that, when

they burn, leave a residue in the form of ash,
such as paper, wood, cloth, rubber, and
certain plastics.

Class B

Involves flammable liquids and gasses, such

as gasoline, paint thinner, kitchen grease,
propane, and acetylene.

Module 3 | Recognizing Safety Hazards & Appropriate Control Measures 50

 Classification of fires

Class C

Fires that involve energized electrical wiring or

equipment (motors, computers, panel boxes).

Class D

Involves combustible metals such as

magnesium, sodium, titanium, and certain
organometallic compounds such as alkyl
lithium and Grignard reagents.

Class K

Involves combustible cooking fuels such as

vegetable or animal oils and fats.
Module 3 | Recognizing Safety Hazards & Appropriate Control Measures 51
 Principles of Fire Prevention
A. Prevent the Outbreak of Fire
• Common Causes of Fire (NSO 2007)

Electrical 28.9% Static Electricity 1.0%

Open Flames (Torch) 10.5% Electrical Machines 1.0%

Unattended Cooking 5.3% Fireworks 0.7%

Lighted Candles or Oil 4.3% Chemicals 0.5%

Lamp
Cigarette Butts/Smoking 3.1% Bomb Explosion 0.1%

Spontaneous Combustion 2.4% Lightning 0.1%

Lighted Matchstick or 2.1% Unknown, others 40.0%

Lighter
LPG Explosion 1.2%

Module 3 | Recognizing Safety Hazards & Appropriate Control Measures 52

 Principles of Fire Prevention
B. Provide for Early Detection of Fire (EWS)
Fire can be more easily controlled if detected early. It is critical that fire be extinguished
in the first five minutes.

Detection serves to:

• Warn the fire brigade to start extinguishing procedure
• Warn occupants to escape

Means of Detection Include:

• Human Observer
• Automatic Sprinklers
• Smoke, Flame and Heat Detectors

Module 3 | Recognizing Safety Hazards & Appropriate Control Measures 53

 Principles of Fire Prevention

C. Prevent the Spread of Fire

D. Provide for Prompt Extinguishment
• 2 Categories of Fire Extinguishers:

Permanent or “Built-in” Fire Extinguishers

- Standpipe and Hose
- Automatic Sprinkler System
- Fire Hydrant
- Fire Pump
- Fire Truck
Portable Extinguishers

Module 3 | Recognizing Safety Hazards & Appropriate Control Measures 54

 Requirements for Effective Use of Fire
Extinguisher
1. Of the approved type
2. The right type for each class of fire that may occur in the area
3. In sufficient quantity
4. Located where they are easily accessible for immediate use and the
location is kept accessible and clearly identified.
5. Mounting of fire extinguishers (Rule 1944.05 Portable Extinguisher)
a. Extinguishers with a gross weight not exceeding 18 kg. (40 lbs.)
should be installed not more than 5 ft. (1.5 m) above the floor.
b. Extinguishers with a gross weight greater than 18 kg. (40 lbs.)
except wheeled type extinguishers, should be installed not more that 3.5
ft. (1 m) above the floor
c. In no case must the clearance between the bottom of the
extinguishers and the floor be less than 4 inches.

Module 3 | Recognizing Safety Hazards & Appropriate Control Measures 55

 Requirements for effective use of Fire
Extinguisher
6. Maintained in Operating Condition

a. Inspection – a "quick check" that visually determines whether the

fire extinguisher is properly placed and will operate. Inspection must be
done at least monthly or more to be effective.

Checkpoints:
- Location
- Free of Obstruction
- Opening Instructions
- Seal and Tamper Indications
- Weight
- Physical Appearance
- Pressure Gauge
- Maintenance Tag

Module 3 | Recognizing Safety Hazards & Appropriate Control Measures 56

 Requirements for Effective Use of Fire
Extinguisher
b. Maintenance - As distinguished from inspection means a complete and thorough
examination of each extinguisher.
Extinguishers should be subjected to maintenance not more than one year apart or
when specifically indicated by an inspection

3 Basic Items to be Checked:

- Mechanical Parts
- Extinguishing Agent
- Expelling Means

7. Operable by the area personnel who are properly trained to use them
effectively and promptly.

Module 3 | Recognizing Safety Hazards & Appropriate Control Measures 57

 Remember the PASS-word!
General Operating Steps
P – Pull the PIN
A – Aim Low
S – Squeeze the lever
above the handle
S – Sweep side to side

Module 3 | Recognizing Safety Hazards & Appropriate Control Measures 58

 In the absence of modern fire extinguishers, the following can be used to stop fire
in its initial stage.

• For A fire - water is the best.

• For B fire - a metal cover, wet sack, towel, cloth, or blanket will do. Sand and
soil are very useful.

• For C fire - the main switch is the first consideration. Pull it down to cut off
the current. What is useful on A & B can also be useful here.

Module 3 | Recognizing Safety Hazards & Appropriate Control Measures 59

 Principles of Fire Prevention

E. Provide for Prompt and Orderly Evacuation of Personnel

Once a fire is discovered in a building, the first and foremost step is the prompt
evacuation of all personnel to a safe place. People should be trained on orderly
evacuation through fire drills. Exits that will empty the ordinary structure in ample
time to prevent loss of life or injury should be also a primary concern.

Module 3 | Recognizing Safety Hazards & Appropriate Control Measures 60

 Types of Fire Extinguisher
Fire extinguishers are categorized according to the substances that they contain
and by class of fire.

A fire extinguisher should never be used on a class of fire for which it is not rated.
Classes of
Fire
Effective Discharge
Type Mechanism Range Duration A B C D

Reduces
Water 30-40 ft 60 sec √ X X X
temperature

CO2 Displaces 3-8 ft 8-30 sec X √ √ X

Oxygen
Dry Chemical Binds Oxygen 5-20 ft 10-40 sec √ √ √ X
Met-L-X Smothers - N/A X X X √
Module 3 | Recognizing Safety Hazards & Appropriate Control Measures 61
Chemical Safety
 Categories of Hazardous Chemicals

• Corrosive
• Flammable
• Toxic
• Reactive
• Biological (Infectious)
• Carcinogen (Cancer-Causing)
• Radioactive

Module 3 | Recognizing Safety Hazards & Appropriate Control Measures 62

 How to Handle Chemicals Properly

• Use cautions
• Always follow procedures
• Read all labels
• Keep yourself and the work area clean
• Plan ahead

Module 3 | Recognizing Safety Hazards & Appropriate Control Measures 63

 Routes of Exposure
• Inhalation • Injection

• Ingestion • Absorption

Module 3 | Recognizing Safety Hazards & Appropriate Control Measures 64

 Symptoms of Overexposure

• Eye discomfort
• Breathing difficulty
• Dizziness
• Headache
• Nausea
• Vomiting
• Skin irritation

Module 3 | Recognizing Safety Hazards & Appropriate Control Measures 65

 Handling Flammable Chemicals

Flammable substances are those that readily catch fire and burn in air.
The degree of hazard associated with a flammable liquid depends on
its flash point, flammability limit and ignition temperature.

• Keep containers closed when not in use

• Keep away from ignition sources
• Avoid contact with incompatible materials
• Only transfer to approved containers
• Bond all receiving containers
• Clean-up spills and dispose of waste properly

Module 3 | Recognizing Safety Hazards & Appropriate Control Measures 66

 Receipt of Chemicals
• Received packages must be
checked to ensure that the
containers are in good condition.
• Details of new chemicals must
be entered in the chemical
inventory and stored in a
designated area.
• Ensure that the Safety Data
Sheet (SDS) is obtained with the
chemical and is readily available
for reference.

Module 3 | Recognizing Safety Hazards & Appropriate Control Measures 67

 Ordering of Chemicals

• Always order the smallest possible quantity of

chemical.
• Understand the hazardous properties of the chemical
that is to be purchased.

Module 3 | Recognizing Safety Hazards & Appropriate Control Measures 68

 Chemical Spills

The following equipment must be

maintained for dealing with chemical spills:

• Chemical spill kit

• Personal protective equipment
• Scoops and dustpans
• Dry sand

Module 3 | Recognizing Safety Hazards & Appropriate Control Measures 69

 Chemical Spills
The following actions must be taken in the event
of a chemical spill.

• Evacuate non-essential personnel from the

area
• Ventilate the area by opening the windows
• If the spilled material is flammable, extinguish
all open flames. Do not operate electric
switches near the spill
• Avoid inhaling vapours from spilled material
• Use personal protective equipment
• Ensure that there is an exit near by
• Use spill containment kits to clean up the spill

Module 3 | Recognizing Safety Hazards & Appropriate Control Measures 70

 General Safety Tips

• Never eat, drink, or smoke while using hazardous chemicals

• Use personal protective equipment as required
• Make sure all chemical containers are properly labelled
• Always wash up after using chemicals
• Never smell or taste a chemical to identify it
• Know all emergency procedures and equipment
• Always read labels’ SDS prior to use
• Store all hazardous chemicals properly
• Always use hazardous chemicals as intended

Module 3 | Recognizing Safety Hazards & Appropriate Control Measures 71

Materials Handling and Storage
 Materials Handling and Storage

It is a technique which includes the art of lifting, placing, storing or

movement of materials through the use of one’s physical strength or
appropriate handling equipment.

Materials handling has two general classifications:

Manual materials handling Mechanical materials handling

Module 3 | Recognizing Safety Hazards & Appropriate Control Measures 72

 What makes manual materials handling
hazardous?
• too heavy for the task that you are doing
• located too high or low for a safe lift
• too big or may have a shape that makes it hard to handle
• wet, slippery, or have sharp edges that makes it hard to grasp
• unstable or can shift its center of gravity because the contents may
flow (e.g., a partially filled drum or concrete in a wheelbarrow)
• too big to let you see where you are putting your feet

Module 3 | Recognizing Safety Hazards & Appropriate Control Measures 73

Module 3 | Recognizing Safety Hazards & Appropriate Control Measures 74
 Solving materials handling problems
These are simple things to consider in solving materials handling
problems:

● What will be moved?

● Where to move these items? How often will these be moved?

● How many will be moved?

● How far will the materials be moved?

● How will the materials be moved?

Module 3 | Recognizing Safety Hazards & Appropriate Control Measures 75

It is you who can prevent accidents and injuries, you can
achieve this by remembering the following:

• Be alert for hazards

• Follow company safety regulations
• Take your time and don't take chances
• Use proper lifting techniques; use legs not the back
• Get help or mechanical assistance if in doubt
• Wear protective gear
• Keep an eye on what others are doing
• Let other workers know what you're doing

Module 3 | Recognizing Safety Hazards & Appropriate Control Measures 76

In summary:

● Maintain good housekeeping at all times

● Remember 5S
● Be aware of all hazards
● Install or provide machine guarding if possible
● Ensure all electrical connections are in good condition and
location.
● Remember PASS in using fire extinguisher
● Don’t obscure the location of fire extinguishers and exits.
● Do the proper lifting techniques to prevent injuries.

Module 3 | Recognizing Safety Hazards & Appropriate Control Measures 77

 TRUE or FALSE

1. The cause of electrical hazards are; burns, fire, electric shock

2. Remove or try to defeat machine guards
3. Class A fire are those fueled by materials that turn into ashes.
4. Use back not the legs in lifting
5. Ensure Safety Data Sheet (SDS) is obtained in purchasing chemical.

Module 3 | Recognizing Safety Hazards & Appropriate Control Measures 78

 Multiple Choice
1. It is a technique which includes the art of lifting, placing, storing or movement of
materials through the use of one’s physical strength or appropriate handling equipment.
a. Materials Handling and Storage
b. Ergonomics
c. Materials Handling
2. What is not a route of chemical exposure
d. Inhalation
e. Ingestion
f. Extraction
3. Three basic items to be checked in fire extinguisher.
g. Mechanical part, extinguishment agent, expelling means
h. Location, free of obstruction, pressure gauge
i. Physical appearance, weight, maintenance tag
4. It is responsible for the initial ignition or start of fire.
j. Heat
k. Oxygen
l. fuel
5. It is the flow of electric charge
m. Current
n. Resistance
o. voltage
 TRUE or FALSE

1. The cause of electrical hazards are; burns, fire, electric shock

2. Remove or try to defeat machine guards
3. Class A fire are those fueled by materials that turn into ashes.
4. Use back not the legs in lifting
5. Ensure Safety Data Sheet (SDS) is obtained in purchasing chemical.

Module 3 | Recognizing Safety Hazards & Appropriate Control Measures 78

 Multiple Choice
1. It is a technique which includes the art of lifting, placing, storing or movement of materials
through the use of one’s physical strength or appropriate handling equipment.
a. Materials Handling and Storage
b. Ergonomics
c. Materials Handling
d. Manual Handling
2. What is not a route of chemical exposure
e. Inhalation
f. Ingestion
g. Extraction
h. Inception
3. Three basic items to be checked in fire extinguisher.
i. Mechanical part, extinguishment agent, expelling means
j. Location, free of obstruction, pressure gauge
k. Physical appearance, weight, maintenance tag
l. Label, Seal, Instructions
4. It is responsible for the initial ignition or start of fire.
m. Chain reaction
n. Oxygen
o. Fuel
p. Heat
5. It is the flow of electric charge
q. Current
r. Resistance
s. Voltage
Any questions?