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Bootp DHCP

BOOTP and DHCP are protocols used to automatically assign IP addresses and additional configuration parameters to devices on a network. BOOTP, developed in 1985, was an early protocol that allowed devices to request and receive an IP address from a server upon network connection. DHCP was developed later and improved upon BOOTP by allowing for dynamic and automatic address allocation rather than requiring static configuration. DHCP is now widely used for plug-and-play networking where devices can obtain IP addresses and configuration without manual configuration.

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108 views13 pages

Bootp DHCP

BOOTP and DHCP are protocols used to automatically assign IP addresses and additional configuration parameters to devices on a network. BOOTP, developed in 1985, was an early protocol that allowed devices to request and receive an IP address from a server upon network connection. DHCP was developed later and improved upon BOOTP by allowing for dynamic and automatic address allocation rather than requiring static configuration. DHCP is now widely used for plug-and-play networking where devices can obtain IP addresses and configuration without manual configuration.

Uploaded by

XXX
Copyright
© Attribution Non-Commercial (BY-NC)
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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Download as PPT, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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BOOTP and DHCP

1
Bootstrapping
 A host can read this information from its
internal disk but some devices have no
storage. They need help from another device
on the network to provide them some
information.

 This problem of getting a new machine up


and running is commonly called
bootstrapping, and to provide this capability
to IP hosts, the TCP/IP Bootstrap Protocol
(BOOTP) was created.

3
BOOTP
 Developed in 1985. It is based on a client/server
exchange, but is implemented as a higher-layer
software protocol, using UDP for message
transport.

 It is not dependent on the particular hardware of


the network like RARP.

 It supports sending additional configuration


information to a client beyond just an IP
address. It can handle having client and server
on different networks of an internetwork.
5
BOOTP
 The host broadcast BOOTP request message.

 When BOOTP server receives the request, it


search the database , placed the information
in single BOOTP reply message and returns
the reply to the requesting computer.

 Main disadvantage is that manual


configuration of tables mapping IP address to
MAC address is required.

6
BOOTP
 BOOTP messaging uses UDP.

 Since the client doesn't know the address


of a BOOTP server, the request is
broadcast on its local network; UDP
supports broadcasts while TCP does not.

 BOOTP servers “listen” on port 67 for


these requests sent by clients.

7
BOOTP

8
DHCP
 DHCP automatically configures hosts that
connect to a network.

 DHCP does not require an administrator to


add an entry for each computer to the
database that a server uses. DHCP work like
plug and play networking.

 DHCP is in wide use because it provides a


mechanism for assigning temporary IP
address to hosts.
10
DHCP
 Administrator can configure DHCP
server to have two types of addresses.
 Permanent address to DHCP server
 A pool of addresses to be allocated on
demand.

 When computer boots, sends a request


to DHCP server, DHCP server checks
its database to find the configuration
information.
11
DHCP
 BOOTP supports only one model - static
allocation. But DHCP supports three models:
 Dynamic allocation: Server chooses and
allocates an IP address with finite lease.
 Automatic or Reserved allocation: Server
allocates an IP address with infinite lease.
 Static allocation: Server allocates IP address
that has been chosen by the administrator.

 DHCP server manages two databases to


recognize the network status: Address Pool and
Binding database.
13
DHCP Messages
 DHCPDISCOVER
 DHCPOFFER
 DHCPREQUEST
 DHCPACK or DHCPNACK
 DHCPDECLINE
 DHCPRELEASE
 DHCPINFORM

14
DHCP process
 DHCP clients broadcast and Ask for IP address
(DHCPDISCOVER).
 DHCP server offers IP address (DHCPOFFER)
 DHCP clients will receive offers, in case of NO, it
uses previous configuration. If YES, it ask
selected IP address (DHCPREQUEST)
 DHCP server sends ACK and additional
configuration information. (DHCPACK)
 DHCP can decline the offer. (DHCPDECLINE)
and restart the entire process.
 DHCP clients can send DHCPRELEASE in case
of address release.
15
DHCP Header Format

16
DHCP Header Format

17

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