MODULE 2 AND 3 QUALITATIVE

RESEARCH AND ITS

IMPORTANCE IN DAILY LIFE
LESSON 1,2,3 & 4 The Value Of
Qualitative Research --- It’s Kinds,
Characteristics, Uses, Strength,
And Weaknesses,The Importance
Of Qualitative Research Across
Fields, and The Identifying the
Inquiry and Stating the Problem
 QUALITATIVE RESEARCH
 is an empirical process of solving
problems using data obtained from
depth observation and interview from
group of people set of documents.
 studies that investigate the quality of
relationship, activities, situations, or
materials.
 MAJOR CHARACTERISTICS OF
QUALITATIVE RESEARCH
1. Naturalistic Inquiry 8. Context Sensitivity
2. Inductive Analysis 9. Emphatic Neutrality
3. Holistic Perspective 10. Design Flexibility
4. Qualitative Data
5. Personal contact and Insight
6. Dynamic Systems
7. Unique Case Orientation
 MAJOR CHARACTERISTICS OF
QUALITATIVE RESEARCH
1. Naturalistic Inquiry- studying real
world situations as they unfold
naturally.
2. Inductive Analysis – Immersion in
the details and specifics of the data to
discover important categories,
dimensions, and interrelationships.
 MAJOR CHARACTERISTICS OF
QUALITATIVE RESEARCH
3. Holistic Perspective – the whole
phenomenon under study is
understood as a complex system that is
more than the sum of its parts. Focus is
on complex interdependencies not
meaningfully reduce to a discrete
variable.
4. Qualitative Data – detailed, thick
description, inquiry in depth.
 MAJOR CHARACTERISTICS OF
QUALITATIVE RESEARCH
5. Personal contact and insight – the
researcher has direct contact with and gets
close to the people, situation, and
phenomenon under study.
6. Dynamic Systems – attention to
process; assumes change is constant and
ongoing whether the focus is on an
individual or an entire culture.
 MAJOR CHARACTERISTICS OF
QUALITATIVE RESEARCH
7. Unique case orientation – assumes
each case is special and unique, the first
level of inquiry is being true to, and
respecting.
8. Context sensitivity – places findings
in a social, historical, and temporal
context.
 MAJOR CHARACTERISTICS OF
QUALITATIVE RESEARCH
9. Emphatic neutrality – complete
objectivity is impossible. The researchers
passion is understanding the world in all
its complexity.
10. Design flexibility – open to adapting
inquiry as understanding deepens and/or
situations change.
 TYPES OF QUALITATIVE
RESEARCH
1.Phenomenology
2.Ethnography
3.Grounded theory
4.Case study
 TYPES OF QUALITATIVE
RESEARCH
1. Phenomenology – it is an approach
explores the world of the participants by
gaining thoughts, insight, and
perceptions to a particular
phenomenon.
2. Ethnography – in this approach is the
direct description of a group, culture, or
community.
 TYPES OF QUALITATIVE
RESEARCH
3. Grounded theory – it is a development
theory directly based and grounded in the
data collected by researcher. It is a
research methodology for discovering
theory in a substantive area.
4. Case study – it is used for a research
approach with specific boundaries and can
be both qualitative, and quantitative.
 STRENGTH OF QUALITATIVE
RESEARCH
1. Issues can be examined in details and
depth.
2. Interview are not restricted to specific
questions and can be guided/ redirected
by the researcher in real time.
3. The researcher framework and direction
can be quickly revised as new
information emerges.
 STRENGTH OF QUALITATIVE RESEARCH
4. The obtained data base on human
experience is powerful and sometimes
more compelling than quantitative data.
5. Subtleties and complexities about the
research subjects and/or topic are
discovered that are often missed by more
positivistics inquiries.
6. Data usually are collected from a few
cases or individuals findings cannot be
generalized to a larger population.
LIMITATIONS OF QUALITATIVE RESEARCH
1. Research quality is heavily dependent
on the individual skills of the researcher.
2. Rigor is more difficult to maintain ,
assess, and demonstrate.
3. The volume of data makes analysis and
interpretation on time consuming.
4. It is sometimes not as well understood
and accepted as qualitative research
within the scientific community.
LIMITATIONS OF QUALITATIVE RESEARCH
5. The researcher’s presence during data
gathering which is often unavoidable in
qualitative research, can affect the
subjects’ responses.
6. Issues of anonymity and confidentiality
can bring/ result to problems when
presenting findings.
7. Findings can be more difficult and time
consuming to characterize in a visual way.
IMPORTANCE OF QUALITATIVE RESEARCH
ACROSS FIELDS
 Qualitative research is away of describing an
event in its context and is useful for
investigating complex, new or relatively
unexplored areas.
 Educational research, It helps in
understanding local context and studying
process and theories in education.
In medical and allied fields, it helps to
address clinical questions, there is a wealth of
knowledge that can be gained using data
provided by qualitative researchers.
IMPORTANCE OF QUALITATIVE RESEARCH
ACROSS FIELDS
 Qualitative studies can give a better
understanding of the healthcare providers’
and patients’ experiences which can further
improve healthcare delivery.
In social science, qualitative research
provides understanding of attitudes and
behaviour of groups of people.
In natural science, qualitative research is
important. It is basically qualitative data that
gathered first in any scientific investigation
through observation.
 IDENTIFYING THE INQUIRY AND STATING
THE PROBLEM
Guidelines in formulating research
problems:
1. The general problem provides the
overall picture and direction of the
research. This is usually stated in
narrative form.
2. The specific problems give the details of
the research. These are generated from
the general problem.
 IDENTIFYING THE INQUIRY AND STATING
THE PROBLEM
Guidelines in formulating research
problems:
3. A set of specific problems are needed to
be formulated. These problems are usually
stated in question form.
4. Reading a lot of research articles in
journals, books, magazines, and other
reading materials can help you formulate
good research problems.
 IDENTIFYING THE INQUIRY AND STATING
THE PROBLEM
Differences between General
Problem and Specific Problem
 The general problem provides the
overall problem of the research. This
sets the direction of the research.
Specific problem give the details of the
research.
 IDENTIFYING THE INQUIRY AND STATING
THE PROBLEM
How do you state general
problem?
 The general problem is usually
stated in narrative form while
specific problems are in questions.
IDENTIFYING THE INQUIRY AND STATING
THE PROBLEM
The Significance of the Research
Problem in the Entire Research
Process
 The statement of the problem in
any research gives the reader the
picture of what you are investigating.
This also sets the direction in your
research.
 IDENTIFYING THE INQUIRY AND STATING
THE PROBLEM
Guidelines in Writing the Research
Title:
1. The research title sums up the
variables being studies in the
research.
2. Usually, the general problem is
reflected in research title.
3. Avoid titles that too long. A good
research title is usually composed of
12 to 15 words.
THTHANK YOU FOR
LISTENING !!!