Transmission of Power
Transmission of Power
Transmission of Power
(c) Circular belt or rope belt
It is mostly used in the factories and workshops, where a
greater amount of power is to be transmitted. The distance
between two pulleys is more than 8 meters.
OPEN BELT DRIVE
Use
It is used when the driven pulley is to be rotated in the same
direction as the driving pulley.
Construction
In this driving pulley pulls the belt on one side and drives it to the
other side. So the tension on pulled side will be more than other
side. The tension on pulled side is known as tight side and other
side is known as slack side.
CROSSED BELT DRIVE
Use
It is used when the driven pulley is to be rotated in the opposite
direction to that of driving pulley.
Construction
In cross belt drive the belt bents in two different planes, it
therefore wears more rapidly
COMPOUND BELT DRIVE
Use:
It is used when the distance between input and output shaft is very
large.
QUARTER TURN BELT DRIVE OR RIGHT ANGLE
BELT DRIVE
Use:
This belt drive is used when two shafts are at right angles and
rotating in one direction only.
A guide pulley is used when motion is required in either direction.
BELT DRIVE WITH IDLER PULLEYS
Construction
Material of belt is elastic due to which after prolonged use
the belt is permanently stretched in length. This reduces the
tension in the belt which leads to lower power transmission
capacity.
STEPPED OR CONE PULLEY DRIVE
Use:
To run the driven shaft at different speed whereas the driving shaft
runs at a constant speed through a motor.
Construction:
Both driving and driven pulleys has steps of equal radius so that
the same belt can be used for varying the speed.
FAST AND LOOSE PULLEY DRIVE
Use
Many times it is required to drive many
machines from one driving shaft or main shaft.
It is used to start or stop one machine without
interfering other machines.
ROPE DRIVE
In this system, each machine tool has its own electric motor which
drives the machine through belt, chain, gearing or by direct
coupling. The system is also called as self contained drive.
Advantages
Individual machines can be run and stopped at operator will.
The main shaft runs across the workshop from one end to other
end. The main shaft drives another shaft called counter shaft.
Finally the countershaft drives the group of machines through
belting. The countershaft also carries cone pulleys to give wide
range of speeds.
Advantages
It is suitable when all machines are required to run simultaneously.
It reduces the size of the motor required.
The initial capital investment is low.
Maintenance is easy.
ELEMENTS OF POWER TRANSMISSION
The main elements of power transmission system are,
The nuts, bolts, pins, keys and couplings, etc. are provided to
hold the two components of machine elements together.
Driving and driven shafts.
Belts, chains, gears are as connectors for transmission of
motion and power from driving to driven shaft.
Axles, bearings, brackets etc. to provide support to other
elements of a machine.
SHAFT
A shaft is a rotating machine element which transmits power.
The power is delivered to the shaft by the application of
tangential force and the resulting turning moment set up in the
shaft allows the power to be transmitted from one point to
another point.
Spindle
A spindle is a short revolving shaft that transmits motion either to
a cutting tool or a work piece.
Axle
An axle is machine element which is used for transmitting bending
moment and carries such rotating parts as wheels and gears. An
axle may be stationary or it may be rotating.
GEAR DRIVE AND FRICTION DRIVE
Advantages
It is a positive drive (no slip) i.e. it transmits exact velocity ratio
from one shaft to another shaft.
It can transmit very large power.
High transmission efficiency.
Requires less space.
Reliable.
In order to transmit a definite power from one shaft to
another shaft to the projection on one disc and recesses
on another disc can be made which can mesh with each
other. This leads to the formation of teeth on both discs
and the discs with teeth on their periphery are known as
"Gears".
CLASSIFICATION OF GEARS
SPUR GEAR
Use:
When the axis of two shafts are parallel to each other. These
gears have teeth parallel to the axis of the shaft.
HELICAL GEAR
In helical gears the teeth are at some angle called helix angle with
respect to axis of the shaft.
RACK AND PINION
Application
Lathe machine, drilling machine and measuring instrument.
BEVEL GEAR
Use
When power is required to be transmitted from one shaft to
another shaft which are intersecting to each other then bevel gears
are used. Generally, the angle between two shafts is 90⁰.
The bevel gears are of two types,
For low load transmission only since they have point contact
between mating teeth.
WORM AND WORM WHEEL
Use
To transmit power from one shaft to another shaft which are non
intersecting and their axes are normally at right angles to each
other.
Application
Lathe machine to get large speed reduction.
Thank you….