Computer Virus

BY ANJAN KUMAR .N

12/08/21
 What is a Computer Virus
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A kind of software programs

 produced by unknown people and harmful to the computers

Some varieties of these software are the

 Viruses, Worms and Trojan horses

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 What is a Computer Virus
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The term “Virus" is often used in common

 to describe all kinds of malware (malicious software)

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 Damages done by Viruses
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Viruses
 Sometimes display unwanted messages

 Some tend to destroy programs or data

 Clog computer memory and hence sometimes result in

system crashes

 Format hard disks, Damage programs, Delete files

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 Damages done by Viruses
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 Simply replicate themselves

 Presents text, video, or audio messages making the user

know their presence

 Bug-ridden, and these bugs may lead to system crashes

and data loss

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 Virus spreading methods
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A viruses can copy itself and infect a computer

 without permission or knowledge of the user

attaches itself to other software programs or data

files

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 Virus spreading methods
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Spreads from computer to computer when the

host is taken to the uninfected computer

 over a network such as over the Internet or carrying it on a

removable medium - a floppy disk, CD, or USB drive

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 Virus spreading methods
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Many viruses are existed in the Internet today

and new ones are discovered every day.

 spread via downloaded software and data files, and email
attachments, etc

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 Virus spreading methods
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Some old viruses are installed themselves into the

disk boot sector

 runs when the user boot the computer from the disk

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 Virus spreading methods
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Some viruses spread through instant messaging

 A virus, in an infected machine, may send a web-address-

link as a message to other contacting machines

 Thinking the link is from a friend (a trusted source), the

recipient may sometimes follow the link to the websit.

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 How Viruses are borne
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Unlike biological viruses, computer viruses do not

simply evolve by themselves

 deliberately created by programmers, or by people who use
virus creation software

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 How Viruses are borne
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Viruses are written as

 research projects, pranks, vandalism,

 to attack the products of specific companies,
 to distribute political messages,
 and financial gain from identity theft,
 spyware, and cryptoviral extortion.

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 How Viruses are borne
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Some virus writers

 consider their creations to be works of art

 See virus writing as a creative hobby

Releasing computer viruses is a crime in most jurisdictions

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 Viruses can avoid detection
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To avoid detection by users, viruses employ

different deception methods

 They do not make themselves to
 change the date of last modified
 increase file sizes
 damage the files

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Viruses can avoid detection
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 They kill the tasks associated with antivirus software before

it can detect them

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 How Antivirus software works?
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Detect using a list of virus signature definitions

 comparing the files stored on fixed or removable drives

(hard drives, floppy drives), against a database of known

virus "signatures".

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 How Antivirus software works?
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Use a heuristic algorithm to find viruses based

on common behaviors
 Examine the content heuristics of the computer's memory
(its RAM, and boot sectors)

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 How Antivirus software works?
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Some anti-virus programs gives you

a real time protection

 Examine files as they are being opened,
downloaded, copied, accessed, and
transmitted etc

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 How Antivirus software works?
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They need regular updates

 in order to gain knowledge about the

latest threats

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Damage prevention & data recovering
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How to prevent damages caused by viruses?

Take regular backups (including OS) on

different media, unconnected to the system

(most of the time)

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 Damage prevention & data recovering
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How to prevent damages caused by viruses?

Use backups on optical media like CD and DVD

(read-only), as they can no longer be affected by

viruses.
Use an OS on a bootable, to start the computer if

the installed OS become unusable.

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 Keep your computer Virus free
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Install reliable anti-virus software

 the most important step you can take towards keeping your
computer clean of viruses

Update your anti-virus software regularly

 variations of viruses and new ones can be slipped if your

software is not current

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 Keep your computer Virus free
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Get immediate protection

 Configure your anti-virus software to boot automatically

on start-up and run at all times

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 Keep your computer Virus free
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 Don't automatically open attachments

 ensure that you examine and scan email and other
attachments before they run as they might contain viruses

 Scan all incoming email attachments

 Do not open any email attached files if the subject line is
questionable, unexpected or the source (address) is
unknown, suspicious or untrustworthy

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 Keep your computer Virus free
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Delete chain emails and junk email

 Do not forward or reply to any of them, they clogs up the

network

 Some viruses can replicate themselves and spread through

email as a chain

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 Keep your computer Virus free
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Be careful when downloading files from

the Internet
 Ensure that the source is a legitimate and reputable one
 save all downloads to one folder and test them with your
own anti-virus software before use

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 Keep your computer Virus free
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Always scan new files for viruses before

you use them

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 Keep your computer Virus free
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Backup your files on a regular basis

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 Keep your computer Virus free
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If your computer is on a network, make

sure you have security steps in place to

prevent unauthorized users putting files
on your computer

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 Keep your computer Virus free
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Take care using USB flash cards, CDs, zip

and floppy disks

 The more computers flash cards, CDs, zip cards and
floppies have been used on, the better the chance of a virus
infecting them – clean them before use

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THANK YOU

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