Prepared by: Cynthia Mae C.
Campo
What are Learning Outcomes?
Learning outcomes describe the learning that will take
place across the curriculum through concise
statements, made in specific and measurable terms, of
what the students will know and/ or be able to do as
the result of having successfully completed a course.
Learning outcomes are statements of what is expected
that a student will be able to do as a result of a learning
activity.
Specifying Learning outcome
Defining learning has progressed from being simply an
accumulation of facts to being able to allow the learner to
interpret and apply such facts to create new knowledge.
Developments in the assessment of learning have , of late
focused on multiple measures of student performance
reflecting different levels of outcomes of student-teaching-
learning process.
The efforts of curriculum makers have recently and more
seriously focused on defining learning standards in terms
of outcomes that spell out what learners should know and
be able to do along established hierarchical levels of
cognition (Anderson, et.al,.2004)
Cont..
They are considered as learning targets that include
knowledge, reasoning, skills, products and affect
which are suggested by the levels of learning outcomes
targeted.
They are derived from what we are considered
essential to be achieved as a result of instruction.
Each learning outcomes when properly stated, defines
the behavior or task to be performed within a given
content area.
How to elicit this behavior through testing is part of the
construction planning test.
Components of a Measurable
Learning Outcome
Student learning behaviors
Appropriate assessment methods
Specific student performance criteria?/ criteria for
success.
When Writing learning outcome, it
is important to:
Focus on student behavior
Use simple, specific action verbs
Select appropriate assessment methods
State desired performance criteria
Characteristics of Learning
Outcomes Statement
Learning outcomes should:
Reflect essential knowledge, skills, or attitudes
Focus on results of the learning experiences
Reflect the desired end of the learning experience, not
the means or the process
Represent the minimum performances that must be
achieved to successfully complete a course or program
Guidelines for Writing Learning
Outcomes
State clear expectations
Represent culminating performances of learning and
achievement
Describe performances that are significant, essential, and
verifiable
Preferably state only one performance per outcome
Refer to learning that is transferable
Reflect the overriding principles of equity and fairness and
accommodate the needs of diverse learners
Represent the minimal acceptable level of performance
that a student needs to demonstrate in order to be
considered successful.
Blooms Taxonomy of Educational
Objectives
Bloom’s taxonomy (1956) is a very useful aid to
writing learning outcomes.
The taxonomy consists of a heirarchy of increasingly
complex processes which we want our students to
acquire
Provides the structure for writing learning outcomes
Bloom’s Taxonomy is frequently used by teachers in
writing learning outcomes as it provides a ready made
structure and list of verbs.
Different Types of Learning
outcomes
Cognitive Domain- contains outcomes which are related
to the acquisition and application of knowledge and
understanding.
Affective Domain- contains of objectives that are
concerned with attitudes and feelings which are brought
about as a result of some educational or training process.
Psychomotor Domain- contains learning outcomes that
deal with the development of manipulative or physical
skills: things lime measuring, setting up, and using
equipment, using tools, drawing graphs, and so on.
What is a good outcome
statement?
Good outcome statements are specific, measurable,
and realistic.
Good outcomes are student-centered
Generally outcomes are short
Outcomes focus on the action that signifies student
learning by using concrete, measurable verbs.
Compare and Contrast the
following Learning Outcomes
Good learning outcomes
The students will understand The students will describe
democracies major theories of democracy
The students will appreciate The students will identify the
art from other cultures characteristics of art from
other cultures
The students will learn about The students will explain the
the law of relativity major tenets of the law of
relativity
