Intenship in Traction Motor Shed

Traction Motor Shed
PALLAV
PANT
17BEE1092
Introduction
• The traction machine shed was established in year 1973 as a unit of Electric Loco Shed,
Kanpur and later on 18/01/74, it was made independent unit.
• This shed was commissioned primarily to meet the imperative maintenance needs of electric
loco motors.
• At present the scope of work includes following:-
• Reclamation/rewinding of armature and stator of traction motor and other auxiliary machines
of electric locos & EMU for various sheds of Indian Railways, rewinding of loco auxiliary
machines and other general power electrical machines of Northern Railways, India.
• Reshafting of armatures and associated activities.
• Stator coil manufacturing for TAO and HITACHI traction motors.
Different Types of
Locomotives
• Steam Locomotives
• Diesel Locomotives
• Electric Locomotives
Steam Locomotives
• Steam locomotive played a key role during development and golden age
of railroading. Steam locomotive is a self contained power unit consisting
of a steam engine , a boiler with fuel and water supplies. Superheated
steam is admitted to the cylinders by a suitable valve arrangement and
the pressure on the pistons being transmitted through main rod to the
driving wheels.
• Disadvantages:
• It has strictly limited overload capacity.
• It has very low thermal efficiency of about 6-8% because installation of a
condenser on locomotive is very difficult
Diesel Locomotives
• Diesel electric locomotives were introduced firstly in united states in
1924 and have become the most widely used type of locomotive. It
was introduced for first time in India in 1958. Diesel electric
locomotive has electric drive in form of traction motors driving the
axles and controlled with electronic controls.
• It differs from electric locomotives principally in that it has its own
generating station instead of being connected to a remote generating
station through overhead wires. The generating station consists of a
large diesel engine coupled to dc generator that provides power to
traction motors.
Electric Locomotives
• Electric locomotives generally have two or more dc or ac
motors. In these locomotives , power is collected from an
electric trolley which is running on an overhead wire. The
overhead wire can carry both types of supply ac as well as
dc. Indian railway also uses both types of supply systems :
• (a) AC system- 25 kv single phase 50 hz ac supply
• (b) DC system- 1500 V dc supply.
Only western zone and central zone of railway uses dc
system.
Images of Electrical locomotive
and overhauling.
Traction
• The traction motor Motor
is a four pole DC series motor in which field
winding is connected in series with armature.
• An electric locomotive as well as diesel-electric locomotive in
indian railway contain six dc traction motors at once.
Construction
• The armature core is made from high permeability silicon steel stampings and these
stampings are separated by thin coating of varnish as insulation with each other.
• The commutator is built up with hard drawn silver bearing copper segment which
are insulated with micanite segment.
• After the commutator is statically and dynamically seasoned to insure stability ,the
complete armature is dynamically balanced.
• The main poles are built from steel laminations. There are four brush holder per
motor, each carrying 3 split carbon brushes. Each brush holder is carried on two
insulated support pins.
• The armature is supported on grease lubricated roller bearing. Bearing assemblies
are sealed type, so necessity of lubrication in about 2 or 3 years.
Working of Traction Motors
• To understand the operation of a traction motor, three transition panels are studied. Transition
panels perform transition events. These events correspond to field weaking and changing the
connections of traction motor.
• Three transition panels are performed at three different speeds –
• First transition at 30 km/hr speed
• Second transition at 50 km/hr speed
• Third transition at 80 km/hr speed
When dc supply is provided to circuit of traction motors, a large current flows through armature
of motor as it is connected in series with field. As a result armature, armature begins to rotate and a
back emf is generated which opposes the main supply voltage. ( back emf Eb = PφNZ/60A Eb α N )
As speed increases, back emf also increases and it offers resistance to flow of generated current to
traction motors. Hence for increasing the speed , the supply voltage must increase but it is not
possible to increase supply above rated voltage.
Different Transitions at Different
Speeds
• When speed is reached at 30 km/hr, first transition panel is switched on. Now a
parallel combination of two series connected traction motors is under
operation and resistance is connected in parallel with the field of motors to
refuse back emf.
• When speed increases beyond 40 km/hr and back emf again starts increasing
rapidly. So second transition panel is switched on at speed of 50km/hr. After
second transition, all six motors run in parallel, without resistance parallel to
field of motors.
• Third transition panel is switched on at speed of 80 km/hr. By this transition,
resistances are connected parallel with field of motors in circuit of second
transition to reduce back emf.
Braking
• Dynamic or rheostatic braking is employed for electric locomotives. During the
time of braking, traction motors are disconnected from supply and is connected
to a dynamic resistance.
• Now traction motors are acted as traction generator because kinetic energy is
converted into electrical energy. The direction of current is reversed during this
period as before braking.
• Field current also reverses as field winding is connected in series with armature.
• Hence connections of field winding should be changed such that current flows in
it in should be changed such that current flows in it in same direction as before
braking
Different Sections in Shed
• AUXILIARY SECTION
• TESTING
• GENERAL-3 SECTION
• MILL WRIGHT SECTION
• ARMATURE SECTION
• STATOR SECTION
• COIL SECTION
Auxiliary Motor
• Auxiliary converter forms part of the auxiliary drive
system in the ac locomotive which is primarily used for
supplying power to loads such as fans, blowers, lighting
the cabin and also charging the locomotive battery. Its
typically of IGBT configuration and is fed from the
auxiliary winding of the locomotive transformer.
• It is also used for cooling purpose of traction motors,
special section of auxiliary motor is made which is used
for cooling purposes.
Thank
You

Intenship in Traction Motor Shed

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Traction Motor Shed

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