HISTORY

OF
MICROPROCESSORS

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 MICROPROCESSOR
“The integrated circuit which
contain all the function of the
CPU (Central Processing Unit)
of a computer is known as
Microprocessor.”

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 HISTORY
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 4-BIT MICROPROCESSORS

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 INTEL 4004 (1)
 First microprocessor introduced in 1971 by
Busicom Corp and Federico Faggin.
 It was the first microprocessor by Intel.
 It was a 4-bit μP.
 Its clock speed was 740KHz.
 It had 2,300 transistors.
 It could execute around 60,000
instructions per second.

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 INTEL 4004 (2)

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 INTEL 4040
 Introduced in 1974.
 It was also 4-bit μP.

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 8-BIT MICROPROCESSORS

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 INTEL 8008 (1)

Introduced in 1972.
It was first 8-bit μP.
It had 3,500 transistors.
Its clock speed was 500KHz.
Could execute 50,000 instructions per
second.

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 INTEL 8008 (2)

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 INTEL 8080 (1)
 Introduced in 1974.
 It was also 8-bit μP.
 Its clock speed was 2 MHz.
 It had 6,000 transistors.
 Was 10 times faster than 8008.
 Could execute 5,00,000 instructions per
second.

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 INTEL 8080 (2)

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 INTEL 8085 (1)
Introduced in 1976.
It was also 8-bit μP.
Its clock speed was 3 MHz.
It had 6,500 transistors.

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 INTEL 8085 (2)

Could execute 7,69,230 instructions per

second.
It could access 64 KB of memory.
It had 246 instructions.
Over 100 million copies were sold.

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 INTEL 8085 (3)

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 16-BIT MICROPROCESSORS

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 INTEL 8086 (1)

 Introduced in 1978.
 It was first 16-bit μP.
 Its clock speed is 4.77 MHz, 8 MHz and 10
MHz, depending on the version.
 It had 29,000 transistors

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 INTEL 8086 (2)

Could execute 2.5 million instructions

per second.
It could access 1 MB of memory.
It had 22,000 instructions.
It had also Multiply and Divide
instructions

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 INTEL 8086 (3)

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 INTEL 8088 (1)
 Introduced in 1979.
 It was also 16-bit μP.
 It was created as a cheaper version of
Intel’s 8086.
 Could execute 2.5 million instructions per
second.
 This chip became the most popular in the
computer industry when IBM used it for
its first PC.

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 INTEL 8088 (2)

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 INTEL 80186 & 80188 (1)
Introduced in 1982.
They were 16-bit μPs.
Clock speed was 6 MHz.
80188 was a cheaper version of 80186.

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 INTEL 80186 & 80188 (2)

INTEL 80186 INTEL 80188

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 INTEL 80286 (1)
Introduced in 1982.
It was 16-bit μP.
Its clock speed was 8 MHz.
It could address 16 MB of memory.
It had 1,34,000 transistors.
It could execute 4 million instructions
per second.

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 INTEL 80286 (2)

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 32-BIT MICROPROCESSORS

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 INTEL 80386 (1)

Introduced in 1986.
It was first 32-bit μP.
It could address 4 GB of memory.
It had 2,75,000 transistors.

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 INTEL 80386 (2)
 Its clock speed varied from 16 MHz to 33
MHz depending upon the various versions.
Three Different versions:
1. 80386 DX
2. 80386 SX
3. 80386 SL
 Intel 80386 became the best selling
microprocessor in history.

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 INTEL 80386 (3)

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 INTEL 80486 (1)
Introduced in 1989.
It was also 32-bit μP.
It had 1.2 million transistors.
Its clock speed varied from 16 MHz to
100 MHz depending upon the various
versions.

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 INTEL 80486 (2)
It had five different versions:
1. 80486 DX
2. 80486SX
3. 80486DX2
4. 80486SL
5. 80486DX4
8 KB of cache memory was introduced.

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 INTEL 80486 (3)

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 INTEL PENTIUM (1)
Introduced in 1993.
It was also 32-bit μP.
It was originally named 80586.
Its clock speed was 66 MHz.
It could address 4 GB of memory.
Could execute 110 million instructions
per second.

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 INTEL PENTIUM (2)
Cache memory:
 8 KB for instructions.
 8 KB for data.

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 INTEL PENTIUM PRO (1)
Introduced in 1995.
It was also 32-bit μP.
It had 21 million transistors.
It was primarily used in server systems.
Cache memory:
 8 KB for instructions.
 8 KB for data.
It had L2 cache of 256 KB.
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 INTEL PENTIUM PRO (2)

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 INTEL PENTIUM II (1)
Introduced in 1997.
It was also 32-bit μP.
Its clock speed was 233MHz to 500
MHz.
Could execute 333 million
instructions per second.
L2 cache & processor were on one
circuit.
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 INTEL PENTIUM II (2)

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 INTEL PENTIUM II XEON (1)
Introduced in 1998.
It was also 32-bit μP.
It was designed for servers.
Its clock speed was 400 MHz
to 450 MHz.
L1 cache of 32 KB & L2 cache of 512 KB,
1MB & 2 MB.

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 INTEL PENTIUM II XEON (2)

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 INTEL PENTIUM III (1)

Introduced in 1999.
It was also 32-bit μP.
Its clock speed varied from 500 MHz to
1.4 GHz.
It had 9.5 million transistors

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 INTEL PENTIUM III (2)

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 INTEL PENTIUM IV (1)
Introduced in 2000.
It was also 32-bit μP.
Its clock speed was from 1.3 GHz to 3.8
GHz.
L1 cache was of 32 KB & L2 cache of
256 KB.
It had 42 million transistors.
All internal connections were made from
aluminium to copper.
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 INTEL PENTIUM IV (2)

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 INTEL DUAL CORE (1)
Introduced in 2006.
It is 32-bit & 64-bit μP.
It has two cores.
Both the cores have there own internal
bus and L1 cache, but share the
external bus and L2 cache.

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 INTEL DUAL CORE (2)

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 64-BIT MICROPROCESSORS

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 INTEL CORE 2 (1)
 Introduced in 2006.
 It is a 64-bit μP.
 Its clock speed is from 1.2 GHz to 3 GHz.
 It has 291 million transistors.
 It has 64 KB of L1 cache per core and 4
MB of L2 cache.
 It is launched in three different versions:
– Intel Core 2 Duo
– Intel Core 2 Quad
– Intel Core 2 Extreme

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 INTEL CORE 2 (2)

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 INTEL CORE I7 (1)
Introduced in 2008.
It is a 64-bit μP.
It has 4 physical cores.
Its clock speed is from 2.66 GHz to
3.33 GHz.
It has 781 million transistors.
It has 64 KB of L1 cache per core, 256
KB of L2 cache and 8 MB of L3 cache.
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 INTEL CORE I7 (2)

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 INTEL CORE I5 (1)

Introduced in 2009.
It is a 64-bit μP.
It has 4 physical cores.
Its clock speed is from 2.40 GHz to
3.60 GHz.
It has 781 million transistors.
It has 64 KB of L1 cache per core, 256
KB of L2 cache and 8 MB of L3 cache.
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 INTEL CORE I5 (2)

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 INTEL CORE I3 (1)
Introduced in 2010.
It is a 64-bit μP.
It has 2 physical cores.
Its clock speed is from 2.93 GHz to
3.33 GHz.
It has 781 million transistors.
It has 64 KB of L1 cache per core, 512
KB of L2 cache and 4 MB of L3 cache.
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 INTEL CORE I3 (2)

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 Thanks
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