TEXT FILE

FORMATS
 FILE FORMATS

• A file format is standard way that information is encoded for storage

in a computer file.

• A file format specifies how bits encode information in a digital

storage medium.

• File formats may be either or free and may be either published or

open.

• For example : Image File Format, Audio File Format, Video File
Format and Text File Format.
TYPES OF FILE FORMATTING

TYPES OF FILE

TEXT
IMAGE FILE
FILE

AUDIO
VIDEO
FILE
FILE
WHY TEXT??
 WHAT IS TEXT FORMATTING?

• Text formatting refers to the attributes of the text rather than the
actual text itself. For example: Bold, Italics, underline are all
formatting attributes of text.

• The location of the text can also be considered as formatting. Text

can be centred, indented or positioned any way.

• The purpose of text formatting is to create visually appealing

paragraphs.

• How formatting text is created and displayed depends on the

operating system and application software used on the computer.
 TEXT FORMATS

• .TXT : Text.

• .DOC/DOCX : Word Document.

• .PDF : Portable Document Format.

• .RTF : Rich Text File.

• .HTML : Hypertext Markup Language.

• .XML : Extensive Markup Language.

• ODT : Open Document Text.

• .PPT : PowerPoint presentation.

 DOC/DOCX
• DOC or doc (an abbreviation of “document") is a filename extension for word
processing documents, most commonly in the proprietary Microsoft word binary file
format
• Microsoft's Word (word processing) software saves documents using the .doc
filename extension.
• These files contain special formatting codes that identify how the text with look (
bold, italic, colour, typeface, etc.) as well as how the page lays out (margins,
indentation, pagination, etc.).
• This file format was superseded in Word 2007 with the .docx filename extension.
• DOCX files incorporate XML (Extensible Markup Language) coding rules that help
integrate a document with Internet applications.
• As a result, earlier versions of Word cannot read DOCX documents, but Microsoft
does provide software that converts DOC documents into a DOCX format.
• Word 2007 can read DOC documents and is able to save new documents in a DOC
format when using the Save As option.
 DOC VS DOCX

• Doc is default extension of Word • DOCX is default extension of

2003 and earlier. Word 2007 and newer.

• DOC is binary format. • DOCX is XML based.

• DOC is proprietary. • DOCX is an open standard.

• DOC does not work with new • DOCX can work with newer
features. features.

• DOC file requires professional • DOCX file format can easily

software. get converted into another file
formats.
 RTF
• Stands for RICH TEXT FILE.

• RTF documents are designed to transfer documents between word processing software

• .RTF extension.

• While the text formatting options are as "rich" as those used by Word, RTF files have limited
page layout options

• For example, you cannot create columns, add page numbers, headers, or footers

• The WordPad word processor included with Windows defaults to creating RTF documents

• RTF was developed by Microsoft in 1987 for use in their products and for cross platform
document change.

• A standard RTF file can consist of only 7-bit ASCII characters, but can encode characters
beyond ASCII by escape sequences.

• RTF files support text style formatting, as well as images within the text.
 TXT
• It contains only text.

• Any computer can read a TXT file, but don't expect it to look pretty.

• The Notepad text editor included with Windows defaults to creating TXT document.

• The individual characters in the document (letters, punctuation, newlines etc.) are each
encoded into bytes using the ASCII encoding (or another character encoding such as UTF8
or iso8859-1, particularly if the document is not in English), and stored in a simple sequence.

• This format only stores the text itself, with no information about formatting, fonts, page size,
or anything like that.

• It is portable across all computer systems and can be read and modified by a huge range of
software applications.

• The details of the format are freely available and standardised.

• If the storage media are damaged, any undamaged sections can be recovered without
problems.
 RTF VS TXT

• Rtf is capable of basic font • TXT is not compatible of basic

formatting. file formatting.

• RTF is capable of formatting • TXT is not compatible of

lists. formatting basic lists.

• RTF is capable of formatting • It is not capable of formatting

paragraphs. paragraphs.

• RTF is proprietary. • TXT is not proprietary.

• It can even include images. • It cannot include images.

 HTML

• Stands for HYPERTEXT MARKUP LANGUAGE.

• It use either “.htm “or “.html” filename extensions.

• HTML files contain codes that browsers, like Internet Explorer or Safari, translate
into Web pages.

• The text, plus simple formatting, is stored in a simple encoding that is based on
the plain text file format above, with plain text markup interspersed with the text.

• This format is freely available and controlled by a public-interest standards body.

• The document can be viewed in any web browser.

• It can be edited in a text editor by someone who knows HTML, or in any number of
“rich text” editors, word processors, HTML editors and so on.
 XML
• XML stands for eXtensible Markup Language (XML)

• XML is used to create common information formats and share both the format and
the data on the internet using standard ASCII text.

• The XML format stores data in a structure that is machine-readable and human-
readable. There are a large amount of programs that can open XML files. And
since they are formatted as text documents, they can be viewed and edited by
basic text editors.

• XML describes the content in terms of what data is being described. For example,
the word "phonenum" placed within markup tags could indicate that the data that
followed was a phone number.

• An XML file can be processed purely as data by a program or it can be stored with
similar data on another computer or it can be displayed, like an HTML file. For
example, depending on how the application in the receiving computer wanted to
handle the phone number, it could be stored, displayed, or dialed.
 HTML VS XML
• HTML is used to display data and • XML is a software and hardware
focuses and how data looks. independent tool used to transport
and store data. It focuses on what
• HTML is not case sensitive. data is.

• HTML is static because it is used to • XML is case sensitive.

display data.
• XML is dynamic as it is used to
• HTML does not preserve transport data.
whitespaces.
• XML preserve whitespaces.
• In HTML, it is not necessary to use a
closing tag. • You can define tags according to
your need.
• You can define tags according to
your need • XML is case sensitive.
 RAW FILE
• A RAW File is a collection of unprocessed data. This means the file
has not been altered, compressed, or manipulated in any way by
the computer.

• Raw files are often used as data files by software programs that
load and process the data.

• A popular type of raw file is "Camera RAW" which is generated by a

digital camera. Instead of processing the image captured by the
camera, the data is left unprocessed and uncompressed until it is
opened with a computer program.
 POST SCRIPT

• PS stands for Post Script.

• PostScript is a page description language (PDL) that describes a

page's text and graphical content.

• It can be used to define the appearance of graphics and text for

both screen and print. The language was developed by Adobe in
1984 and has since gone through many revisions and updates.

• Before the days of PostScript, pages that incorporated text, images,

and line art had to be manually assembled on a paste-up board and
then photographed.
 PDF
• PDF stands for Portable Document Format.

• Pdf files use .pdf filename extension.

• These files are created using software package from Adobe called Acrobat.

• This software must be purchased and converts files crated by other.

• Software like Microsoft’s Word, into a read-only PDF file.

• In this format case, the text plus formatting, page size and similar information are stored
in a moderately complex encoding.

• While the details of this encoding are freely available, the format is owned by Adobe and
can be changed by them at any time, for any reason.

• The document can be viewed and printed on all major platforms using free software
provided by Adobe.

• PDF documents cannot be readily edited.

 PS VS PDF

• Not easy to obtain PS viewing • It’s easy to obtain good quality PDF
software. viewing software free of charge.

• Not a programming language.

• Is a programming language.
• Takes less space.
• Takes large space.
• Can be referred using links.

• Cannot refer to another file • The structure of PDF files is much more
using links. predictable than the structure of
PostScript files. This is important in
situations where software needs to
• Not fixed structure. modify a document or extract
information.
• Cannot be viewed on Web.
• PDF files can be viewed on the Web.
INTERCHANGEABILITY OF TEXT FORMATS
 TEXT FILE TRANSFER

• Text file transfer involves converting the code page of a file from
one code page to another. Text file transfer also involves
converting CRLF (carriage return-line feed) characters between
systems.
THANK YOU