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Access Methods and Issues Related To The Speed at Which We Access Information

There are three main methods to access files in a computer system: sequential access, direct access, and index sequential access. Sequential access processes records in order, while direct access allows random accessing of records using their location. Index sequential access builds an index on top of direct access to more quickly find records using pointers. The speed at which information can be accessed is important, as slow access speeds can block multiple processes and stop database systems.

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Armando Pérez Padrón
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136 views9 pages

Access Methods and Issues Related To The Speed at Which We Access Information

There are three main methods to access files in a computer system: sequential access, direct access, and index sequential access. Sequential access processes records in order, while direct access allows random accessing of records using their location. Index sequential access builds an index on top of direct access to more quickly find records using pointers. The speed at which information can be accessed is important, as slow access speeds can block multiple processes and stop database systems.

Uploaded by

Armando Pérez Padrón
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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Download as PPTX, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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Access methods and issues

related to the speed at which


we access information
There are three ways to access a file into a
computer system:
•Sequential-Access
•Direct Access
•Index sequential Method.
Sequential Access
It is the simplest access method. Information in the file is processed in
order, one record after the other. This mode of access is by far the most
common; for example, editor and compiler usually access the file in this
fashion.
Key points
• Data is accessed one record right after another record in an order.
• When we use read command, it move ahead pointer by one
• When we use write command, it will allocate memory and move the
pointer to the end of the file
• Such a method is reasonable for tape.
Direct Access
Also known as relative access method. A filed-length logical record that
allows the program to read and write record rapidly. in no particular
order. The direct access is based on the disk model of a file since disk
allows random access to any file block. For direct access, the file is
viewed as a numbered sequence of block or record.
Index sequential method
It is the other method of accessing a file which is built on the top of the
direct access method. These methods construct an index for the file.
The index, like an index in the back of a book, contains the pointer to
the various blocks. To find a record in the file, we first search the index
and then by the help of pointer we access the file directly.
Key points:
• It is built on top of Sequential access.
• It control the pointer by using index.
Advantages & Disadvantages of Traditional
File Organization:
Advantages:
• Complexity
• Data Security
Disadvantages:
• Access Time in a Traditional File Environment
• Editing and Communication
• Order of Data
Advantages and Disadvantages of DBMS
Advantages:
• Data Abstraction
• Data Redundancy Control
• Ease in Data Manipulation
• Data Security
Disadvantage:
• Increased Cost
• Management Complexity
• Maintenance Cost
• Frequency Upgrade/Replacement Cycle
Speed of accessing information
The speed of accessing information determines how powerful a system
or program can be. Large database systems requires a really fast access
speed so that the information can be updated retrieve or delete easily
without making any block, not allowing for multiples processes to occur
this could lead to an overall stop in the processing system on any
database. For example banks runs operation every second and if the
speed was to be slow then the bank would have to stop and wait
longer for every transaction to be finished

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