Scribd
Upload
245 views13 pages

Loads On Shoulder

The document discusses biomechanics and loads on the shoulder joint. It contains the following key points: - The glenohumeral joint is the major load bearing joint of the shoulder and can achieve many positions due to the muscles around it. - The torque created at the shoulder by the weight of the arm is calculated as the product of the arm's weight and the perpendicular distance between the arm's center of gravity and the shoulder. - Equilibrium equations are used to calculate the force generated by shoulder muscles to counteract weight and maintain position. Examples are given for an extended arm with and without external weight. - Additional muscles help stabilize the joint and prevent dislocation when other muscles contract.

Uploaded by

Aymen Tahir
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PPTX, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
245 views13 pages

Loads On Shoulder

The document discusses biomechanics and loads on the shoulder joint. It contains the following key points: - The glenohumeral joint is the major load bearing joint of the shoulder and can achieve many positions due to the muscles around it. - The torque created at the shoulder by the weight of the arm is calculated as the product of the arm's weight and the perpendicular distance between the arm's center of gravity and the shoulder. - Equilibrium equations are used to calculate the force generated by shoulder muscles to counteract weight and maintain position. Examples are given for an extended arm with and without external weight. - Additional muscles help stabilize the joint and prevent dislocation when other muscles contract.

Uploaded by

Aymen Tahir
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PPTX, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
You are on page 1/ 13

BIOMECHANICS

LOADS ON
SHOULDER
GROUP A

DECEMBER 05, 2018


BIOMECHANICS

LOADS ON
SHOULDER
GROUP A

DECEMBER 05, 2018


CENTRE OF GRAVITY

 Centre of gravity at
body

segmental centre of
gravity
GLENOHUMORAL JOINT

 Major load bearing joint.


Have many muscles and possible positions.

How to estimate magnitude of forces?


 A person holding the upper extremity at 90
 Assume that only deltoid muscle is active.
 The joint reactive forces and the force
of deltoid being nearly parallel are
considered to be a force couple that are
equal but of opposite magnitude
MOMENT ARM

The torque created at the


shoulder by the weight of the
arm is the product of arm
weight and the perpendicular
distance between the arm’s
center of gravity and the
shoulder (the arm’s moment
arm).

FIQURE
• CASE I:
When elbow is extended:
large moment arm
.
large torque
shoulder muscle contract.
• CASE II:
When elbow is flexed:
Half moment arm
Rotational torque
Additional shoulder muscles
Involves.
• EQUILIBRIUM

For a body to be the in


equilibrium the sum of all
torque must equal to zero

• MOMENT
EQUILIBRIUM
CASE A:
Arm extended, no external weight
a free body diagram of the arm and shoulder can be
constructed as shown below. If the weight of the arm is 33 N,
the moment arm for the total arm segment is 30 cm, and the
moment arm for the deltoid muscle (Fm) is 3 cm, how much
force must be supplied by the deltoid to maintain the arm in this
position? What is the magnitude of the horizontal component of
the joint reaction force (Rh)?
SOLUTION:
wt = 33 N
dwt = 30 cm
dm = 3 cm
Fm = ?
Rh = ?

Sample
8
Problems
Summation Ts = 0
Ts = (Fm)(dm) - (wt) (dwt)
0 = (Fm)(3 cm) - (33 N) (30 cm)
0 = (Fm)(3 cm) - (33 N) (30 cm)
Fm = (33 N)(30 cm)
3 cm
Fm = 330 N
Since the horizontal component of joint reaction force
(Rh) and Fm are the only two horizontal forces present,
and since the arm is stationary, these forces must be
equal and opposite. The magnitude of Rh is therefore
the same as the magnitude of Fm.
Rh = 330N

Sample
9
Problems
CASE II:
arm extended, having an external
weight
• A similar condition but weight is increased.

After the weight is increased the calculations of


forearm are also added including weight and
moment arm.

Sample
10
Problems
Stabilization of joint
Muscles that attach to the humerus at small
angles also contribute to stabilize the humerus
in the glenoid fossa against the contraction of
the muscles that might otherwise dislocate the
joint

Joint stability 11
Participants:
Aymen Tahir
Maryam Shafique
“ Raima Liaqat
Humda Niaz
Ayesha
ZUHA
Aneeza Shahid
Usman Zahoor
Maryam Noshaba
Noor Fatima
companions 12
THANK YOU

You might also like