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Sadguru Swami Nithyananda Institute of Technology: Smart Helmet

This document summarizes a student project on developing a smart helmet that can detect accidents and alert emergency contacts. The smart helmet uses sensors to only allow the motorcycle to start if the rider is wearing the helmet. It also contains GPS and GSM modules so that if an accident is detected, it can send SMS messages with the location to pre-programmed contacts for emergency assistance. The system is intended to improve motorcycle safety and get faster medical help to riders in the event of an accident.

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Deepak Rajan
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231 views17 pages

Sadguru Swami Nithyananda Institute of Technology: Smart Helmet

This document summarizes a student project on developing a smart helmet that can detect accidents and alert emergency contacts. The smart helmet uses sensors to only allow the motorcycle to start if the rider is wearing the helmet. It also contains GPS and GSM modules so that if an accident is detected, it can send SMS messages with the location to pre-programmed contacts for emergency assistance. The system is intended to improve motorcycle safety and get faster medical help to riders in the event of an accident.

Uploaded by

Deepak Rajan
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PPT, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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SADGURU SWAMI NITHYANANDA INSTITUTE OF TECHNOLOGY

PROJECT ON:

SMART HELMET:

A COMPLETE ACTION FOR ACCIDENT DETECTION


GUIDED BY:
VINISHA C

PRESENTED BY:
DEEPAK RAJAN
ATHIRA K
RAKSHITHA K C
VIJINA K
 A smart helmet is a special idea which makes
motorcycle driving safer than before.
 The main aim of the smart helmet is to
prevent the biker from starting his bike until
and unless he actually wears the helmet.
 It incorporates the concepts of GSM and GPS
to track a location of the accident and to
provide the victim prompt medical attention.
 Nowadays the helmets are used only for
protection.
 The primary goal of a motorcycle helmet is
motorcycle safety.
 i.e,to protect the rider's head during impact,
thus preventing or reducing head injury and
saving the rider's life.
 The idea of our work is that a biker must wear a
helmet in order to start up his bike, otherwise the
bike won’t start.
 It also gives information about the location, in
case, the biker meets an accident. The location of
the accident is given by a GSM module to the cell
phones of family and friends, through an SMS.
 Sending the SMS regarding the accident alone
cannot help the rider until and unless the location
of the accident is also known. So as to trace out the
location of an accident, we use a GPS module.
 Thus an SMS containing the information about the
accident as well as the location (latitude and
longitude) of the area is sent to the family and
friends using a microcontroller.
 The smart helmet consists of five main
modules:
TRANSMITTER MODULE
RECEIVER MODULE
GSM MODULE
GPS MODULE
ACCIDENT SENSING MODULE

TRANSMITTER MODULE:

 A transmitter module is carried by the helmet. It consists of RF transmitter (434


MHz), encoder IC (HT12E) and TIP 122 as the main components
 When a biker places the helmet on his head, conduction takes place through
surface skin potential. A small amount of current goes to a base of TIP 122
which shifts its operating point from cutoff mode to saturation mode and pulls
down its collector voltage (VCC).the output is taken from the emitter of TIP 122
and is fed to the data pin D4(PIN 10) of the encoder IC. The encoder encodes the
data and sends this bit stream to the transmitter from PIN NO 17 (Dout).this
transmitter transmits this data as an RF signal using ASK.
 Receiver module consists of following main components.

Decoder IC
Relay Module

 HT12D IC decodes the encoded data received by the RF receiver.


For valid transmission, the decoder IC generates a bit stream which
drives the relay.PIN 10 of HT12D IC is connected to the relay
module by means of relay driver. The relay driver acts as an
Amplifier, which is transmitter (BC458).

 The relay module is in turn connected to the ignition module of the


bike. Wearing the helmet causes valid data transmission due to
which the relay turns on and enables the biker to start his bike.
 The GSM module used in this project is SIM900.
 It has been fitted in the bike section and its main
function is to send an SMS to the programmed
numbers at the time of accidents.
 This module is interfaced with three processing
module through Arduino Uno which acts as a
prototyping platform.
 Whenever biker meets an accident, the accident
sensing device gets activated and the processing
module processes the data sent by the sensor and
activates the GSM module to send an accident
carrying information SMS to pre-programmed
numbers.
 The GPS module extracts the geographical location
in terms of coordinates (latitudes and longitudes) at
the time of accident and is sent as an SMS along
with the accident informing message to the pre-
programmed numbers.
 At the time of the accident, the processing module
operates upon the data sent by accident sensing
module and redirects the GPS module to extract the
exact location of the place of accident and with the
help of GSM module which carries the subscriber’s
identity module (SIM), the exact location
information (in terms of coordinates) is sent to the
pre-programmed numbers.
 Accident sensing module used in this project is
simply a tilt sensor, an electromechanical type.
 The tilt sensor measures the tilt of a bike,
whenever the bike tilts above the pre-determined, it
gets activated and redirects the other modules
about the crash.
 The pre-determined value of the tilt sensor in this
project is 60 degree celsius, means an accident.
 The processing module is programmed in such a
way that whenever a high signal is passed by tilt
sensor, it must redirect the other modules (GPS and
GSM) and activate them so that they carry out their
respective functions.
DATAFLOW DIAGRAM
LEVEL0
GPS MODULE TRANSMITTER MODULE

SMART HELMET

RECIEVER MODULE
GSM MODULE

ACCIDENT SENSING MODULE


LEVEL 1

Transmits RF signal
Identifies location

SMART
HELMET

Receives RF signal
Sends message

Detects accident
LEVEL 2

Works only by when Recieves RF


there is a conduction signal
between facial
muscles.Transmits RF
signal

RECEIVER

TRANSMITTER
ACCIDENT
SENSOR
SMART
HELMET
Sends
message to
preprogamm GSM
ed number
Detects accident
if tilt sensor is
Extracts the greater than 60
location GPS degree
USE CASE DIAGRAM

TRANSMIT
TER

RECIEVER

GSM

GPS

RIDER AMBULANCE,POLICE
ACCIDENT ,FRIENDS AND
SENSOR FAMILIES
RECIEVES
IGNITION
REQUEST

FLOWCHART NO
CONFIRM
HELMET
WEARING

YES

ENGINE ENGINE WON’T


STARTS START

Checks Tilt

Tilt exceeds YES GPS AND GSM


limit ACTIVATES

NO

NO
Is Engine
OFF? SENDS MESSAGES TO EMERGENCY
SERVICES AND CONTACTS

YES

STOP
Thank You For Your Time…

Any Questions ?

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