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Introduction To Genetics

Genetics is the science of heredity and variation. Key figures who contributed include Charles Darwin, Gregor Mendel, and scientists who later confirmed DNA's role. Genetics has several branches including cytogenetics, molecular genetics, classical genetics, and population genetics. Methods of genetic study include pedigree analysis, karyotyping, planned experimental breeding, twin studies, and statistical analysis. Genetics has applications in medicine, agriculture, industry, law, genetic counseling, and more.

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117 views22 pages

Introduction To Genetics

Genetics is the science of heredity and variation. Key figures who contributed include Charles Darwin, Gregor Mendel, and scientists who later confirmed DNA's role. Genetics has several branches including cytogenetics, molecular genetics, classical genetics, and population genetics. Methods of genetic study include pedigree analysis, karyotyping, planned experimental breeding, twin studies, and statistical analysis. Genetics has applications in medicine, agriculture, industry, law, genetic counseling, and more.

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Markjhun Villarosa
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INTRODUCTION

TO GENETICS
JESSICA A. ALBIOLA
What is Genetics?
 It is the science that deals with the study of heredity
and variation.
 GENETICS came from the word gen, genetikos
meaning generative and genesis meaning
beginning.
HEREDITY: transmission of traits from parent to
offspring.
VARIATION: similarities and differences
Scientists Who Contributed
in
Genetics
CHARLES
DARWIN
Idea of natural evolution
Origin of Species
Pangenesis Theory
ARISTOTLE
also contributed in
Pangenesis Theory
gemmules
GREGOR MENDEL
Father of modern Genetics
He used Pisum Sativum
(Graden Pea) in his study.
There are 7 characteristics
of pea in his study
LAW: Mendelian Laws of
Inheritance (Law of
Segragation and
Independent Assortment)
WHO DUPLICATED THE WORK
OF MENDEL
(1900)
CARL CORRENS HUGO DE VRIES
ERICH VON ISCHERMAK FRIEDRICH MIESCHER
WILLIAM HENRY SUTTON

 Affiliated the behavior of


chromosomes to the genes.
SCIENTISTS WHO
CONFIRMED DNA
OSWALD AVERY
COLIN MUNRO
MACLEOD
MACLYN McCARTY
ROSALIND
FRANKLIN
 Gave an idea that the structure of
DNA is a helical structure.
SCOPE AND BRANCHES
CYTOGENETICS
 Science that deals with the physical basic of
heredity
(cell)
MOLECULAR GENETICS
 Chemical basis of heredity
Newest and most advanced field of Genetics
BRANCHES OF MOLECULAR
GENETICS

 GENOMICS
 Study of genes of an organism
 PROTEONICS
 study of proteins coming from DNA replication.
CLASSICAL GENETICS
 Study of analysis of offspring to mating (parents to
offspring)
POPULATION GENETICS
 Deals with the transmission of trait with a large group
of individual through a passage of time.
BEHAVIORAL GENETICS
 Study of behavior of an organism.
METHODS OF GENETIC
STUDY
1. Pedigree Analysis
 Transmission of trait through the use of
pedigree.
 Pictorial representation
2. Karyotyping
 Detect chromosomal abnormality
 karyogram/ karyotype (pictorial representation
of chromosomes)
3. Planned Experimental Breeding
Dominant trait- can be seen and
manifested
trait.
Recessive- hidden trait
Homozygous- two identical alleles
Heterozygous- two unidentical alleles
4. Twin Study
 Study of twins
Kinds of Twins:
Praternal- Dizygotic twin
Identical- Monozygotic twin
Concordance twin(praternal)- possess a trait
or do not or both
Disconcordance(identical)- if one possesses
the other is not.
5. Statistical Analysis
Make use of several data
Use for population data
GENETIC ENGINEERING
Key factor for biotechnology
Come up with a desirable trait
Manipulating a certain trait
APPLICATION OF GENETICS
1. Field of Medicine
2. Agriculture/Food Production/Industry
3. Legal Application
4. Genetic Counseling
5. Genetic Code

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