Cranes and Heavy Equipment

CRANE
1
Construction Accident
Electrocutions of Crane Operator and Crew Members
Date:
March 31, 1993
Casualty:
2 Fatalities
Description:
Wire rope of a Crawler
Crane contacted a
7,200 - volt conductor of an
overhead power line.
2
CRANE TYPES
 MOBILE CRANE
 TOWER CRANE
 BARGE CRANE
 OVERHEAD TRAVELING CRANE
 ETC.
3
OPERATOR’S
QUALIFICATION &
CERTIFICATION
 VISION TEST 20/30 IN ONE EYE & 20/50 IN THE OTHER
(CORRECTED & UNCORRECTED), NORMAL DEPTH
PERCEPTION, FIELD OF VISION & COLOR VISION.
 SUFFICIENT STRENGTH, ENDURANCE, AGILITY,
COORDINATION & RESPONSIVENESS TO MEET THE
DEMANDS OF THE EQUIPMENT OPERATION.
 ADEQUATE HEARING.
 NO PHYSICAL DEFECTS OR EMOTIONAL DISORDERS.
 NO EVIDENCE OF SEIZURES OR LOSS OF PHYSICAL
CONTROL.
 LTO LICENSE & TESDA/ACEL CERTIFICATE.
4
INSPECTION & TESTING
 THIRD PARTY INSPECTION
– ACCREDITED AGENCY BY DOLE/BWC….ACEL
– YEARLY OR AFTER MODIFICATION, ALTERATION,REPAIRS,
TRANSFER OR RE-INSTALL…
– LOAD TESTING= 125% ABOVE THE MAX. LOAD
 INTERNAL INSPECTION
– BEFORE USING ON SITE.
– MONTHLY
– ITEMS:
 HOISTING & LOWERING
 TROLLEY TRAVEL
 SWING MOTION
 BRAKES & CLUTCHES
 LIMIT-LOCKING & SAFETY DEVICES
 ASSEMBLY, FOUNDATION & ERECTION
 CONTROL OPERATIONS
 RUNNING GEAR & DRIVES
 ALL OTHER MECHANISM PERTINENT TO THE SAFE OPERATION
OF THE EQUIPMENT
5
WORK NEAR ELECTRIC
POWERLINES
6
7
Accidents in Construction Work
by Types of Machinery (Japan)
Others
Dumptruck
Pile Driver
Concrete Mixer
Tractor Shovel
Roller
Bulldozer
Backhoes
0 10 20 30 40 50
8
Accidents by Causes
Poor techniques (insufficient training) - 35%
Insufficient guiding & signalling - 14.1%
Insufficient measures to keep out

the hazardous area - 7.6%
Improper use (not for the designated purpose) - 6.6%
Management faults - 5.8%
Insufficient inspection & maintenance - 4.7%
Improper use - 4.7%
Others - 21.5% 9
Why is SAFETY important to YOU?
3 BIG REASONS:
•ACCIDENTS DISABLE AND KILL
•ACCIDENTS COST
•ACCIDENTS CAN BE AVOIDED
10
Measures to Secure SAFETY in
Using Construction Machinery
 Full Understanding of Machine

Conditions and Maintenance
 Safe Operations
 Safety Management
at Work Sites
11
Full Understanding of Machine
Conditions and Maintenance
General Procedures
•Do not perform any work on a machine unless
you are authorized and qualified to do so.
•Read the manufacturer’s service and operator’s

manuals.
•Attach a DO NOT OPERATE tag or similar

warning tag before performing maintenance.
12
Prepare the Work Area
•Choose a clean level

work area.
•Make certain there is

adequate light and
ventilation.
•Clean the walking and

working surfaces.
13
Prepare Yourself
•Wear all the protective
clothing the job requires.
•Safety glasses, goggles or

a face shield are always
needed for eye protection.
•Wear gloves and safety

shoes when handling
wooden blocks, wire rope
or sharp-edged metal.
14
Daily Checks
Before the Start of  Brakes and clutches
Operations  Safety devices
 Fuel and engine oil
 Water
 Air tanks
 Operator’s cab
Gauges and other

controls
Daily inspections are conducted mainly by operators.

15
Safe Operations
Conforming Safety BEFORE Work
 Operations by
qualified personnel
TESDA
Certified
16
 Wearing safe clothing
and protective equipment
•Hard hat
•Safety shoes
•Safety glasses, goggles or
face shield
•Gloves
•Hearing protection
•Reflective clothing
•Respirator or filter mask
17
 Knowing the working area
•Location of slopes
•Open trenches
•Drop-offs or overhangs
•Soil conditions
•Rocks and stumps
•Exact location of any
buried and/or overhead
electrical, gas, telephone,
water, sewer, or other
utilities.
18
 Meeting with others
involved to organize work
arrangements
19
 Precautions in getting
in and out of machines
•Maintain a 3 point
contact.
• Face the machine
when either mounting
or dismounting.
•Never jump on or off
the machine.
20
Conforming Safety AFTER Work
 Filling fuel tank
•Stop the engine

•Do not refuel
near open fires
•No smoking
•Conduct tank-
filling operations
outdoors
21
 Parking places
•Park on flat
surfaces that offer
a solid foundation.
•Do not park at a
site where
mudslides may
occur.
•Lower the bucket
to the ground.
22
 Precautions
in leaving the
operator’s cab
•Stop the machine.

•Lower the working device to the ground.
•Discharge any remaining pressure.
•Move operating levers to neutral.
•Stop the engine and remove the ignition key.
•Lock the door.
23
Safety Management
at Work Sites
 Organization for
safety management
•Appointment of
safety officer at
construction sites.
24
 Work qualifications
and education
•Skills training courses
•Safety and health

education
25

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CRANE

Poor techniques (insufficient training) - 35%

Insufficient guiding & signalling - 14.1%

Insufficient measures to keep out

Improper use (not for the designated purpose) - 6.6%

Management faults - 5.8%

Insufficient inspection & maintenance - 4.7%

Improper use - 4.7%

•ACCIDENTS DISABLE AND KILL

•ACCIDENTS CAN BE AVOIDED

 Full Understanding of Machine

•Read the manufacturer’s service and operator’s

•Attach a DO NOT OPERATE tag or similar

•Choose a clean level

•Make certain there is

•Clean the walking and

•Safety glasses, goggles or

•Wear gloves and safety

 Fuel and engine oil

Gauges and other

Daily inspections are conducted mainly by operators.

Conforming Safety BEFORE Work

 Filling fuel tank

•Stop the engine

•Stop the machine.

•Skills training courses

•Safety and health

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