RAC SERVICING

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Lesson 1 – Prepare Materials and Tools
LO1. Identify materials and tools
LO2. Request materials and tools

Lesson 2 – Perform Mensuration and Calculation.

LO1. Select Measuring Instrument.
LO2. Carry out Mensurement and Calculation.
Lesson 3 – Interpret Technical Drawings and Plans
LO1. Analyze signs, symbols and data.
LO2. Interpret work plans.

Lesson 4 – Maintain Tools and Equipment

LO1. Check the conditions of tools and equipment.
LO2. Perform basic preventive maintenance.
Lesson 5 – Perform Housekeeping and Safety Practices
LO1. Sort materials, tools and equipment.
LO2. Clean workplace area, materials, tools and equipment.
LO3. Systematize dispensing and retrieval of materials, tools and
equipment INSERT
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Lesson 1
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Prepare Materials and

Tools
 INSERT
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LEARNING OUTCOMES:
At the end of this Lesson, you
are expected to
do the following

LO 1. identify materials and tools;

and
LO 2. request materials and tools.
LEARNING OUTCOME
1
Identify materials and
tools
PERFORMANCE
STANDARDS
□Job requirements are identified
□HVAC materials, tools are identified
□Quantity of each material to be used is
determined or specified
□Correct quantity and quality of materials
are determined as per job requirements
 Materials

Materials TOOLS
BALLPEN ADJUSTABLE WRENCH SIDE CUTTING PLIERS
SOCKET RATCHET HANDLE
CAPACITOR SOCKET WRENCH
COPPER TUBE SPARKER LIGHT
ERASER SPIRIT LEVEL
SWAGING TOOLS
FILTER DRIER SYSTEM ANALYZER OR GAUGE MANIFOLD
FITTING USED IN RAC TUBE BENDER OR SPRING BENDER
TUBE CUTTER
FLUX ALLEN WRENCH
JOB ORDER FORM AND BENCH VISE
REQUISITION FORM BLOW TORCH OR MAPP GAS
BOX WRENCH
OVERLOAD PROTECTOR CHAIN VISE
PAPER CLAMP METER
PENCIL CLAW HAMMER
COMBINATION PLIERS
REEFRIGERANT OIL CONBINATION WRENCH
REFRIGERANT GAS FLAT SCREW
RELAY HACK SAW
LONG NOSE PLIERS
SILVER ROD MULTI-TESTER
THERMOSTAT CONTROL PHILIP SCREW
PINCH OFF PLIERS
PINCH OFF PLIERS
PIPE WRENCH
PLUMB BOB
PORTABLE ELECTRIC DRILL
PULL PUSH RULE
SETS OF FLARING TOOLS
Use of Copper Tube in Refrigeration and Air-
Conditioning Unit.
Installation of pipes and fittings in a refrigeration system is impossible without the
necessary tools and materials.

Copper Tubing
-The tubing that carries the refrigerant to various components is considered to be
a
vital part of the refrigeration system. Copper tubing is the most common materials
in the
refrigeration piping circuit. It is used to connect the major parts of the refrigeration
system
such as evaporator coil, the compressor, the condenser coil and the expansion
valve, most
copper tubing is available from 1/8 inch to ¾ inch of a diameter. The end are
capped or
plugged to keep the inside of the tubing clean and dry. It is also available in soft
and hard
types.
Copper tubing is available in three types. Type K, L and M. Type K tubing is used
for
heavy duty purpose because of its thick wall. Type L tubing is used for Six interior
plumbing
and heating. It is the common types used in HVAC system. Type M is used for light
duty
work
Soft Coper Tubing
-This is used in domestic and some commercial refrigeration and air
conditioning work, because it is easy to bend and flare.
-This tubing must be supported by suitable brackets or clamp in
installation, so soft copper tubing is often used with flared and soft
soldering fittings.
-It is also sold in rolls of 1, 35, and 50 ft long.
Hard drawn copper tubing
-This is used in commercial refrigeration and air conditioning
applications. -Being hard and stiff, it needs few clamps to support it in
installation.
-Hard drawn copper tubing should not be bent so use straight lengths
and fitting to form the necessary tube connection.
-Hard-drawn refrigeration tubing joints should be silver brazed to
eliminate leaks.
Steel tubing
-This is a thin wall tubing used in refrigeration and air conditioning
work.
-Its size is practically the same as that of copper tubing, hence
connections may be made on steel tubing by using either flare joints
or silver brazed joints.
Stainless steel tubing
-This is a strong type of tubing that is very resistant to corrosion.
-It is also easily connected to fitting by either flaring or brazing
because of this qualities, stainless steel is often required in food
processing, ice, oven, manufacture, milk handling system, and similar
works
Plastic tubing
-This type of tubing with polyethylene is one of the most common
substances used in the manufacture of plastic tubing.
-The usual safe temperature is from 100 degrees centigrade (oC) to +175
degrees centigrade (oC) you should never use this tubing where fluid
temperature goes beyond this limit.
-Polyethylene tubing is not used in refrigerating mechanism but in cold
water lines in water cooled condensers.
Flexible tubing (hose).
-This is commonly used tubing in suction lines in many refrigeration
system and in commercial air conditioning application.
-This type serves to prevent vibration in the mechanism.
-Air conditioning equipment for a motor vehicle requires the use of
flexible tubing since the vehicle is always moving.

Aluminum tubing
-It is usually used for evaporating units in air conditioning for home
and auto-mobile.
-Commonly, it is used for evaporator (freezer) of the domestic
refrigerators.
-Special type of treatment for soldering or brazing is needed.
Fitting
-A fitting is a device used to connect
tubes of different widths and lengths.

Flaring tube fitting.

-This is used in flared type connection to attach fittings in copper tubing.
-There are many different fittings which are hexagonal in shape for
wrench attachment.
-These threaded fittings must be carefully handled to prevent damage.
-All fittings used are based on the tubing size.
The common flare type fittings used in refrigeration and air conditioning
works are the following.
Flare hose fitting -This includes assorted nylon fittings suitable to refrigerant
hoses. Such as the following
Soldered or brazed tube fitting -This type is used in most tubing and fitting
connections that are either by soldering or silver brazing. Soldered joints are
used for water pipes and drains. Silver brazed joints are used for refrigerant
pipes and fittings.
Soldered Type Filter Drier

Flare Nut

Relay
Overload Protector

Thermostat Control
TOOLS
Types of screwdrivers and their uses:

Standard slot -is a tool used for turning with a slot-head bolt
or screw

Philips -is a tool used for turning with Philips-head bolts or

screw
Clutch head -is a tool used for turning with a clutch head bolt or screw

Torx head -is a tool used for turning with a torx bolt or screw
Stub -is a tool used for tightening or loosening in places where a
longer blade will not fit especially in narrow places.

Offset -is a tool used for tightening or loosening in extremely close

places.
 Types of Wrenches and Their Uses

Open wrench -is a tool used for working with hex-head bolts, nuts, or
screws.

Box wrench -refers to the tool with flat interior surfaces so that it is
less likely to slip off when working with hex-head bolts, nuts, or
screws when added torque is applied.
Combination wrench -is a tool with an open end and a box end. It is
designed for the convenience of an operator who may need an open end
for speed tightening and loosening while the box end is used for adding
torque.

Adjustable open wrench -is a tool used for working with hex-head
bolts, nuts, and screws of various sizes.
Pipe wrench -is a tool used for working with pipe, pipe fittings, and
other rounded surfaces.

Flare nut wrench -is a tool used for working with hex-head nuts, bolts,
or screws in which the open end permits the wrench to slip over
tubing.
 Types of Pliers and Their Uses
Slip joint -is a tool used for holding or turning a part where surface
marring is not a problem.

Slip groove -is a tool used on a wider surface and where more
leverage may be required.
Long Nose -is a tools used for holding small nuts, screws, or for reaching
hard reached places.

Diagonal cutter -is a tool used for cutting wire only.

Self-locking pliers -is a tool used for working where tight grip is needed.
It also locks in place to free operator to use another tool.

Pinch-off wrench -is a tool designed especially to crimp refrigeration

tubing to prevent loss of refrigerant when a tube is being soldered or
brazed.
 Types of Hammer and Their Uses
Ball peen hammer -is a tool used for hammering metal tools such as
punches and chisels.

Soft face hammer -is a tool made of plastic, rawhide or material that
will not mar or break other tools or materials being hammered.
Sledge hammer -is a tool made with a heavy steel head and a long
handle for breaking or pounding with substantial force.

Claw hammer -is a tool used for driving or pulling nails

 Punches, Chisels, Bars and Their Uses
Pin punch -is a tool used for driving both straight and tapered pins into
or out of hubs or shafts.

Centre punch -is a tool used for indenting metal to safely start a drill.
Flat chisel -is a tool used for cutting off bolt heads or splitting nuts.

Pry bar -is a tool used for a variety of jobs, but generally for prying
equipment into alignment.
Scratch awl -is a tool used for making on metal, making screw holes in
sheet metal, and for aligning screw holes.
 Types of Files and Their Uses
Flat file -is a tool used for smoothing metal surfaces; the surface is
double-cut to help promote even application.

Half round file -is a tool used for fitting rounded surfaces.
Round File -is a tool used for smoothing or enlarging holes in metal;
because of the tapered end, they are often called “rat-tail” files.

Point file -is a tool used for cleaning up damaged threads or other
“fine” work; it is sometimes called a “saw” file.

Triangular file -a tool used for working in tight places and “fine” finish
work.
 Socket Sets and Their Uses

Ratchet Handle -is used to drive handle socket that fits on so that
tightening or loosening motion can be limited to a short back and
forth motion.
Socket -Is a device that snaps onto a ratchet handle so the device can
be used to work on hex-head bolts or nuts.

Deep socket -Is a device that snaps on to a ratchet handle so the

device can be used to work on hex-head bolts or nuts that are in
recessed places that a regular socket cannot reach.
Extension -Refers to a rod that extends from the socket to the handle
to extend the socket into hard-to-reach places.

Torque wrench -is a tool used for tightening hex-head bolts and nuts
to specified limits
Speed handle -is a tool used to drive by operating with both hands so
that an operator can loosen or tighten nuts and bolts quickly.

Universal joint -refers to device that fits between a handle and a

socket to permit the socket to be turned to any one of several angles
and to facilitate hard-to-reach nuts and bolts.
 Tubing Tools and Their Uses

Tubing cutter -is a tool used for smoothly cutting tubing with
opposing cutting wheels that are slowly tightened by a ratchet-
like control as the cutter is turned around.
Flaring block -is a tool used for holding tubing according to its
size so that it can be flared.

Flaring tool -is a tool used for forcing a 45o cone into the end
of a copper tube being held in a flaring block.
Tube reamer -is a tool used for cleaning burrs inside the tubing that
has been cut; it is often built into a tubing cutter.

Double flare punch -is a tool used with a flaring block to bend
tubing back and force it down and roll it into the open tubing end
to make a tube with double thickness.
Swage punch -is a tool used for enlarging the end cut tubing so
that another tube size can be placed into the tubing and
soldered

Lever-type bender -is a tool used for bending tube in such a way
that the tubing will retain its rounded shape and not flatten out
at the point of the bend.
Bending spring -is a tool used for placement over the
outside of the tubing to keep the tubing from collapsing
while it is being bent.
 Threading Tools and Their Uses

Tap -is a tool used for cutting inside threads in a hole.

Hand tap wrench -refers to the handle used for

threading inside threads with a tap
T-handle tap Wrench -refers to the handle with an adjustable
holding device mush like the chuck on a drill. Used with a tap to
drill inside threads, especially smaller size threads.

Round stock die -is a tool used for cutting external threads on
round stock and is available in many sizes and specifications
Die stock -refers to the handle that fits over a round a die to
secure it and facilitate turning.

Pipe cutter -refers to the adjustable clamp-type device with sharp-

edged rollers that cut into pipe as they are tightened and turned
Pipe die -is a tool used for cutting external threads on
pipe.

Pipe die stock ratchet -is a tool used for handle designed
especially for speeding up the cutting of external pipe
threads.
 Other Hand Tools and Their Uses

Wire stripper -is a tool used for removing insulation from

electrical wires without damaging the wires.

Drop light -is a tool used to provide light in dark or poorly-lit

work areas. These lights frequently have an electrical outlet in
the handle, but because they are made of small-gauge wire,
they should not be used to power appliances such as
refrigerators.
Oil can -refers to a tool that has a long, flexible spout to
reach hard-to-reach places, a cap to prevent oil from
dripping out.

Hack saw -is a tool used for cutting metals in installation

and service work, but not recommended for cutting
refrigeration tubing because the fittings can contaminate a
system.
Screw starter -is used for starting small slot or Philips head
screws in hard-to-reach places.
LEARNING OUTCOME 2
ols RequestRequest materials
materials and tools Requestand
materials
and tools
tools
PERFORMANCE
STANDARDS

□Refrigeration materials needed are

requested according to list prepared
□Requisition form/slip is
accomplished accurately and
properly
□Request is done as per company
standard operating procedure
Maintain Tools and Equipment
 Classification of
non-functional and
functional tools