Scribd
Upload
189 views67 pages

Gender Role Socialization

This document discusses the differences between sex and gender. Sex refers to the biological attributes that distinguish males and females, such as genitalia and chromosomes. It is universal, biological, and fixed. Gender refers to the social and cultural roles, behaviors, and identities associated with being male or female in a society. Gender is learned through socialization and can vary across cultures. The document examines how gender roles are shaped through socialization agents like family, school, media and peers from a young age, which can lead to the development and reinforcement of gender stereotypes.

Uploaded by

Jean Lyca Mea Gerarcas
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PPTX, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
189 views67 pages

Gender Role Socialization

This document discusses the differences between sex and gender. Sex refers to the biological attributes that distinguish males and females, such as genitalia and chromosomes. It is universal, biological, and fixed. Gender refers to the social and cultural roles, behaviors, and identities associated with being male or female in a society. Gender is learned through socialization and can vary across cultures. The document examines how gender roles are shaped through socialization agents like family, school, media and peers from a young age, which can lead to the development and reinforcement of gender stereotypes.

Uploaded by

Jean Lyca Mea Gerarcas
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PPTX, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
You are on page 1/ 67

Sex and

Gender
Bryan Lee D. Celeste
Faculty, Department of Behavioral Sciences
College of Arts and Sciences
Central Mindanao University
Conceptual Difference of

SEX and GENDER

SEX: a natural distinguishing variable based on


biological attributes, such as:
• physical attributes – genitalia, reproductive
organs
• genetic attributes – chromosomes, hormones

Sex is universal, biological & fixed


Objectives:
At the end of the session the
participant is expected to have,
1. Differentiated sex and gender;

2. Identified the DETERMINANTS OF sex;

3. Identified the implications of


gender as a social construct; and

4. Appreciated sex & Gender as factors to ones


attainment of full & SATISFYING life.
Expectations from Men and Women

1. Who are expected to be fickle-


minded?
2. Who are expected to be brave?
3. Who are expected to be strong?
4. Who are expected to be emotional?
5. Who are expected to be nurturing?
Question: Are these qualities in-born?
What factors shaped men and women
to become such?
Female Reproductive Tract
Male Reproductive Tract

Male Reproductive Tract


DETERMINANTS OF SEX

FEMALE MALE

GENITALIA vagina, clitoris penis, scrotum

INTERNAL REPRODUCTIVE uterus, ovaries


ORGANS testes

CHROMOSOMES XX XY

HORMONES estrogen, progesterone testosterone


GENDER

Identifies the characteristics and social behavior


of men and women and the relationship
between them

Gender roles & characteristics are:


• not fixed, may change over time
• may vary from culture to culture

It is learned or acquired
Gender is the distinctive
qualities of men and women,
the masculinity and the feminity
of an individual that are
culturally created.
- the state of being male or female
(typically used with reference to
social and cultural differences
rather than
biological ones)
SEX GENDER

What makes one What is masculine or


male or female feminine

Biologically- Socially-determined;
determined culturally-defined

Refers to physical Refers to


characteristics learned behavior
To a social definition…
Male Female
Logical Emotional
Leader/Achiever Follower/Supporter
Sexually aggressive Sexually submissive
Independent Dependent

“Can do anything, Incompetent


anytime, anywhere”
“Girls can be athletic. Guys can have feelings. Girls
can be smart. Guys can be creative. And vice versa.
Gender is specific only to your reproductive organs
(and sometimes not even to those), not your interest,
likes, dislikes, goals, and ambitions.”

― Connor Franta, A Work in Progress


Biology is not
destiny.
Gender Role Socialization
&
The development of
Stereotypes
Is there
something
wrong?
OBJECTIVES
• Explained gender role, gender role
socialization and other related concepts.
• Discussed the various agents of gender
role socialization; and
• Evaluated the development and
implications of gender stereotyping.
Gender Roles
 LEARNED behaviors in a given
society/community or special
group that condition us to
perceive certain activities,
tasks and responsibilities as
MALE or FEMALE
Socialization
the process of internalizing
the norms and ideologies of
society.

represents the whole


process of learning
Gender Roles in the
Philippines

• men = breadwinner
• women = housekeeper
• “Man’s World” - outside the home
• “Woman’s World- inside the home
Gender Role Socialization

• the process by which an


individual learns how to be a man
or a woman/how to behave
according to gender roles
Agents of Gender Role
Socialization
• FAMILY
• SCHOOL
• MEDIA
• PEERS
FAMILY
MANIPULATION
• Boys and girls are handled differently.
CHANNELING /
CANALIZATION

• people direct children’s attention to


gender-appropriate objects - choice of
TOYS
VERBAL APPELLATION
• Words used to tell children what they
are:
• Words used in what are expected of
them:

“boys don’t cry”


“girls do not climb trees”
ACTIVITY EXPOSURE
• children familiarized with gender
appropriate TASKS:
• Girls expected and encouraged to:
Help mother in household tasks Take care of younger siblings
• Boys are allowed and encouraged to play
or work outside the home
How does the school influence
gender role?
Schools reinforce sexist concepts:

TEXTBOOKS depict stereotype roles


- females as mothers, housewives, or well-
behaved girls

- males as fathers, workers or naughty


adventurous little boys
Education - steered field of study for:

Females - nursing, secretarial, hotel


management, banking & finance

Males - politics, science, engineering


How does the media
influence gender role?
 Media portray different images of
women that often have negative
connotations.
 Women = housewives, loving mothers
and wives, martyrs, victims, mistresses
or scheming and wicked villains,
 Men = strong, determined, courageous
and principled.
How do we
develop a sense
of being male or
female?
• By 1 year, infants can discriminate male
photographs from female photographs
• By 2-3 years, children tell us they know
about gender
• They use “mommy” and “daddy”
labels correctly
• They use “boy” and “girl” labels
correctly
• They accurately label themselves as
either a boy or girl
• Between 3-5 years, children still believe
they can change gender identities if they
want to

• Between 5-7 years, children have a firm,


stable, future-oriented identity as a boy or
a girl
What is the result of
Gender Role Socialization?
GENDER ROLE SOCIALIZATION

GENDER GENDER
IDENTITY STEREOTYPES
Gender Stereotypes
Impressions
and Beliefs
about
females and
males
REAL MEN by Dick Reith
Real men don’t change their socks.
Real men have big cocks.
Real men lay bricks.
Real men lay chicks.
Real men don’t mess up.
Real men do press ups.
Real men don’t stutter.
Real men fix their own gutters.
Real men can take their drink.
Real men don’t need to think.
Real men don’t cry and long before their time
they die.
WHAT HAPPENS IF WE
HAVE STEREOTYPES?
Stereotypes

Negative
Behavior
WHOLE PERSON
BIOLOGICAL
DIFFERENCESS SEX SEX ROLES
SEX ROLES

Social Definitions

CULTURAL
DIFFERENCES GENDER GENDER ROLES

Stereotyping

GENDER BIAS
VIOLENCE Intrapersonal, Interpersonal, Institutional

Psychological
Chemical
Emotional
Physical
Financial
DAMAGED
DAMAGED PERSON SOCIETY
Gender Equity
Means to strive for an equal society where
men and women share the same rights,
responsibilities and opportunities to:

• pursue work which provide economic


independence
• care for children & home
• participate in politics, unions and any
societal activities.
There’s
nothing
wrong
…..
THEREFORE….
Evaluate your beliefs
Discern right from wrong
Change what needs to be changed
Act with RESPECT

You might also like