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Night Vision Technology: V.Shiva Preetham 17311A03D9 Mechanical Engineering

This document discusses night vision technology. It describes two types of night vision - biological and technical. Technical night vision uses either image enhancement or thermal imaging. Image enhancement works by collecting low levels of light, including infrared light, and amplifying it using an image intensifier tube. Thermal imaging detects infrared light emitted as heat from objects. Common night vision equipment includes scopes, goggles, and cameras. Night vision provides advantages like low-light sensitivity but also disadvantages such as high cost. Applications include military, hunting, security, and automobiles. Future developments could allow sharing of night vision images from long distances.

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136 views20 pages

Night Vision Technology: V.Shiva Preetham 17311A03D9 Mechanical Engineering

This document discusses night vision technology. It describes two types of night vision - biological and technical. Technical night vision uses either image enhancement or thermal imaging. Image enhancement works by collecting low levels of light, including infrared light, and amplifying it using an image intensifier tube. Thermal imaging detects infrared light emitted as heat from objects. Common night vision equipment includes scopes, goggles, and cameras. Night vision provides advantages like low-light sensitivity but also disadvantages such as high cost. Applications include military, hunting, security, and automobiles. Future developments could allow sharing of night vision images from long distances.

Uploaded by

Aves khan
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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Download as PPTX, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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NIGHT VISION

TECHNOLOGY

V.SHIVA PREETHAM
17311A03D9
MECHANICAL
ENGINEERING
CONTENTS
 Types of Night Vision
 Working of Technical Night Vision
 Night Vision equipments
 Advantages of NV
 Disadvantages of NV
 Applications
 Conclusion
INTRODUCTION
 Night vision technology , literally allows one to
see in the dark.

 Humans have poor night vision compared to


many other animals.

 With the proper night vision equipment , we can


see a person standing over 200 yards away on
a moonless , cloudy night.
TYPES OF NIGHT VISION
 Biological Night Vision
 Molecules in the rod of the eye undergo a change
in shape as light.
 Molecules in the human rods is insensitive to the
light.
 Technical Night Vision
 Image enhancement
 Thermal imaging
Image enhancement
This works by collecting the tiny
amounts of light
Including the lower portion of the
infrared light spectrum.

Thermal imaging
This works by capturing the upper portion of
the infrared spectrum ,which is emitted as
heat by objects. Hot bodies
Emit more of this light than cooler objects like
trees or buildings.
IMAGE ENHANCEMENT
WORKING
 A conventional lens called objective lens captures
ambient light and some infrared light .

 The gathered light is sent to the image-intensifier


tube. In most NVD’s the power supply for the image
intensifier tube receives power from two N-cell or two
“AA” batteries. The tube outputs a high voltage ,about
5000 volts ,to the image tube components.
 The image –intensifier tube has a photo cathode which
is used to convert the photons of light energy into
electrons.

 As the electrons pass through , similar electrons are


released in the tube , multiplying the original number of
electrons by a factor of thousands through the use of a
micro channel plate in tube.

 At the end of the image-intensifier tube , the electrons hit


a screen coated with phosphors .the green phosphor image
is viewed called ocular lens which allows you to magnify
and focus the image.
Image enhancement working
THERMAL IMAGING
 A special lens focuses the infrared light emitted by
all of the objects.

 The focused light is scanned by a phased array of


infrared-detector elements. the detector elements
create a very detailed temperature pattern called a
thermogram.

 The thermogram created by the detector is


translated into electron impulses.
 The impulses are sent to a signal-processing
unit ,a circuit board with a dedicated chip that
translates the information from the elements
into data for the display.

 The signal-processing unit sends the


information to the display ,where it appears as
various colors depending on the intensity of the
infrared emission .the combination of all the
impulses from all of the elements creates the
image.
THERMAL IMAGING
NIGHT VISION EQUIPMENTS

SCOPES : They are monocular.


They are handheld and
not worn like goggles.
They are good for when you want
to get a better look at a specific object.

GOGGLES : They can be handled,


they are most worn on the
Cameras :
Cameras with night vision
technology can send the image to a monitor for
display or to a VCR for recording .when the
vision capability is desired in a permanent
location ,such as on a building or as part of
equipment .
ADVANTAGES
 High sensitivity in low-light.

 high speed imaging capability.

Able to detect humans or any other


objects at greater distances.

Eliminates shadows and helps to view


objects clearly.
DISADVANTAGES
 high cost

 large quantity of costly and complex


equipments.

 works poorly in warmer weather conditions.

Larger sensors are required.


APPLICATIONS
 Military
 Hunting
 Wildlife observation
 Security
 Navigation
 Hidden-object observation
 Automobile
FUTURE SCOPE
Future night vision goggles are being
designed not just to see at night but also to
allow soldiers to share images of what they
see with other soldiers who may be miles
away.

Scientists are experimenting with panoramic


night vision goggles which double the user’s
field of view to around 95 degrees by using
16mm image intensifiers tubes ,rather than
the more standard two 18mm tubes.

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