 Email is short form for Electronic Mail.

 It is a method of sending digital messages from one

computer to another (this can also be done using mobile
phones).
 Email is very popular form of communication between
people.
 However many countries have laws to protect people from the misuse of
emails.
 When sending an email the language and content within the email
needs to be appropriate.
 If the emails is being sent to an employee within a business then the
language should be formal.
Examples of using inappropriate language:
 Abusive, threatening language.
 Obscene Images / illegal content
 Racist, violent messages
 The content of an email can be protected by the copyright
law.
 If the sender of an email states the message is confidential
then it is important the email is not forwarded onto a third
party.
 It could also be a case of attachments being downloaded and
also passed on.
 Sometimes organisations will send an email with a copyright
statement at the bottom of the email.
 Some methods of increasing the security of emails include:
 Strong password – combination of letters, numbers, special characters
 Changing password regularly
 Using spam filters – moving suspicious emails to a junk folder – blocking email
 Running anti virus and anti spam at times
 Passive attacks - learn or make use of information from the system but does not
affect system resources
 Active attacks - attempts to alter system resources or effect their operations
 Internet etiquette
 Don’t be abusive
 Don’t send spam
 Be clear and succinct with your message
 Remember posts are public in most cases and read by everyone
 Always check your spelling and grammar
 Respect peoples privacy
 Forgive peoples mistakes – don’t be compelled to respond to an error
 Don’t use capital letters – appears as shouting
 Don’t plagiarise
 Don’t use too many emoticons
 Unsolicited email - basically unwanted emails
 Spam (junk) email is sent out to multiple recipients from a
mailing list
 The email could be part of a phishing scam or could be to
promote certain products
 Dangerous - may contain viruses
 Email Groups are contacts which are grouped
together
 So that emails can be sent to multiple recipients.
 When sending an email to a group you would just
have to write the name of the group rather than
writing everyone's email address.
 Worldwide Collection of Networks
 Browse the internet
 Social Networking & Communication
 Online shopping & banking
 Transfer files from computer to computer
World Wide Web (WWW)
 World Wide Web is part of the internet.
 Can be accessed using a web browser.
 Consists of a massive collection of webpages.
 Defined as a computer network based on internet technology
 Normally accessible by internal members of the company via a username and
password.
 Information is specific to the needs of the company
 Less chance of external threats such hacking and viruses
 Possible to prevent external links
 Easier to send out sensitive information – they will remain with the organisation
 Better bandwidth
 Possible to create extranets – intranet extended outside the organisation but with
same advantage of intranet
 Online storage medium used to backup files.
 Files can be accessed from any device with an internet connection.
 Data is saved on more than one server so in case of maintenance or repair
data is always accessible.
 Public cloud : customers/client and cloud storage provider are different
companies
 Private cloud : customers/client and cloud storage provider are a part of a
single entity
 Hybrid cloud : combination of both
 Is the rules which are followed when transferring
information across the internet.
 Rules are agreed between the sender and recipient when
data is being transferred.
 Difference between http and https is that https is much
more secure compared to http
 In HTTP, Encryption is absent and Encryption is present in
HTTPS – HTTPS slower than HTTP
 A web browser is a software that allows the user to display a
webpage.
 They have a home page
 Ability to store users favourite websites /pages
 History of websites visited
 Can move forward and backward through web sites
 Hyperlinks – helps user to navigate between web pages
 A web browser will use URLs to access specified websites.
 URLs are represented by numbers (http://100.100.100.1)
 However it is not very user friendly.
 So therefore an alphanumeric format (http://www.yahmad.o.uk)
 Protocol – http/https
 Website address
 Domain host (www)
 Domain name(name of website)
 Domain type(.com, .org, .co, .net, .gov)
 Country codes(.uk, .us, .in)
 Path – root directory of website
 Filename – item on web page
FTP is a network protocol used when
transferring files from one computer to
another over the internet.

FileZilla is popular FTP application which is

used to upload web pages so that they can be
hosted and viewed on the internet.
 ISP is a company which provides internetaccess to
users.

 Normally the users would have to pay a monthly

fee.

 Broadband Connections tend to use fire-optic

cables for increased bandwidth.
 A blog is a personal internet journal
 Usually updated by one author.
 Blog entries are in order (most recent entries are shown
first).
 Blogs can not be changed by other users of the internet.
 Bloggers can be prosecuted for posting offensive material.
 Microblogs – often used on social networking sites to make
short, frequent post
 B blog – business blog – promote business on internet
Web applications or websites that allow users
to create and edit web pages using any web
browser
A wiki is a collaboration from users (many
authors) to create content.
Wikis can be edited by anyone (content can
be edited or deleted).
 Social Networking sites allow users to interact and communicate with each other.
 You can connect with people with similar interests.
 Each member has a free web space
 Users are able to share content such as photos, video and status updates
 They can create their own public and private profiles
 Instant messaging and video chatting
 Members have control over who can access their public and private data
 Email within the community
 Write on each others wall
 Invite people to become friends
 2 ways to locate information
 Type in URL
 Use a search engine

 OPENING A WEBSITE FROM A URL

 Type the URL in the address bar of the web browser
 A web search engine or Internet search engine is a software
system that is designed to carry out web search (Internet
search)
 Search the World Wide Web in a systematic way for particular
information specified in a textual web search query
 When we want to find some information but don’t know
where to look
Due to amount of information available on the
internet it is difficult to find specific
information quickly.
Search engines will not necessarily post the
website in order of usefulness so you may
have to look through different websites to find
your information.
Content on the internet is not regulated.
Any body can make a website and post any
content which is not factually correct.
Wikis can be edited to contain false
information.
Information may be biased depending on
who was the author.
 Checking the websites URL address (ending in .gov
or .ac more likely to be reliable)
 Check links or endorsements from other reliable
websites.
 Check the last time the website was updated.
 Check multiple websites
 If a website has excessive advertisement –
unreliable