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Resins and Resin Combinations: BY: VERAWATI, M.Farm, Apt

This document discusses resins, their definition, characteristics, biosynthesis, ecological roles, distribution in plants, classification, preparations, and uses. Resins are amorphous solid or semisolid substances that are water insoluble but soluble in alcohol or organic solvents. They are produced from photosynthetically derived carbohydrates and synthesized via terpenoid and phenolic pathways. Resins play roles in plant protection and defense. They are distributed throughout seed plants and are found in secretory structures like resin cells, ducts, and glandular hairs. Resins have traditional, medicinal, and industrial uses like jewelry, incense, medicines, food preservation, and coatings.

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Icha Febriani
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300 views20 pages

Resins and Resin Combinations: BY: VERAWATI, M.Farm, Apt

This document discusses resins, their definition, characteristics, biosynthesis, ecological roles, distribution in plants, classification, preparations, and uses. Resins are amorphous solid or semisolid substances that are water insoluble but soluble in alcohol or organic solvents. They are produced from photosynthetically derived carbohydrates and synthesized via terpenoid and phenolic pathways. Resins play roles in plant protection and defense. They are distributed throughout seed plants and are found in secretory structures like resin cells, ducts, and glandular hairs. Resins have traditional, medicinal, and industrial uses like jewelry, incense, medicines, food preservation, and coatings.

Uploaded by

Icha Febriani
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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Download as PPTX, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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RESINS AND RESIN

COMBINATIONS
BY : VERAWATI, M.Farm, Apt
TOPICS
• DEFINITION, CHARACTERISTIC, BIOSYNTHESIS
• ECOLOGICAL ROLES
• DISTRIBUTION IN PLANTS
• CLASSIFICATION
• RESIN PREPARATIONS
• USE OF RESINS
• RESIN – PRODUCING PLANTS
DEFINITION, CHARACTERISTIC,
BIOSYNTHESIS
DEFINI-
TION
Resins, in general, are amorphous solid or semisolid substances
that are invariably water insoluble but mostly soluble in alcohol or
other organic solvents

substances that are mainly insoluble in water and that ultimately harden
when exposed to air

resin is defined operationally as primarily a lipid-soluble mixture of volatile


and nonvolatile terpenoid and/or phenolic secondary compounds that are :
(1) usually secreted in specialized structures located either internally or on
the surface of the plant, and
(2) of potential significance in ecological interactions.
CHARACTERISTICS

physical properties of resins :

amorphous materials but rarely crystallisable in


nature

hard, transparent or translucent brittle materials

heavier than water having the specific gravity


ranging from 0.9-1.25.

insoluble in water, but frequently soluble in


ethanol, and non-polar organic solvents

Bad conductors of electricity


Resins On being heated at low
temperature
Softened, melted,
be sticky masses
On being heated in without undergo
On being the air (O2) decomposition
heated in a
closed
container (no
O2)

Burn with a smoky flame


Decompose and rise to
Empyreumatic products
(hydrocarbon)
chemical properties :

enriched with carbon, deprived of nitrogen and


contain a few oxygen

Darkened colour because atmospheric


oxidation

Mixture of numerous compounds

Oxidative products of Terpenes


biosynthesis

Resin components are derived from photosynthetically


produced carbohydrates that are broken down to
produce simpler compounds (pyruvate products);
terpenoid and phenolic compounds are then
synthesized via different metabolic pathways
Ecological roles of
resins
Toxic product was
For protection
1. Self defense saved in
from autotoxicity
intercelluler cavity

Attractan &
2. Volatile oil reppelent other
organisms
trap and immobilize
3. Volatile & non Resins flow and enemies & or coat
volatile oil harden wounds in tree
trunks

Protection against
coat the surfaces of
desiccation,
4. nonvolatile young leaves and
ultraviolet radiation,
compounds stems in arid-zone
and high
shrubs
temperatures
Distribution of Resins in Plants

Interestingly, the resins and resinous substances are more or less


extensively distributed throughout the entire plant kingdom,
specifically the Spermatophyta i.e., the seed plants

the majority of them belong to the phyllum Angiosperum i.e.,


seed-enclosed flowering plants, and Gymnosperm i.e., naked-
seed non-flowering plants.

In general, the most important and extensively studied resin-


containing families are, namely: Pinaceae (Colophory or Rosin);
Leguminosae (Tolu Balsam and Balsam of Peru);
Dipterocarpaceae (‘Garijan’—a Balsam substitute for copaiba);
Burseraceae (Myrrh) and Umbelliferae (Asafoetida).
Occurrence in Plants

In the plants resins usually occur in different secretory


zones or structures. A few typical examples of such plant
sources along with their specific secretary structures are
given below:
(i) Resin Cells : Ginger–Zingiber officinale Roscoe (Family:
Zingiberaceae);
(ii) Schizogenous Ducts : Pine Wood–Pinus pAlustris
Miller.
or Schizolysogenous Ducts or Cavities (Family: Pinaceae).
(iii) Glandular Hairs : Cannabis sativa Linne’. (Family:
Moraceae)
Chemical compositions of resins

Acid resins • abietic acid

Ester resins • Benzyl benzoate

Resin alcohols • peruresinotannol

Resenes • Dracoresene

Glycoresins • Podophylloresin
classification

1. RESINS
OLEO
RESINS
2. RESIN COMBINATIONS

RESIN
GUM
BALSAMS COMBINA-
RESINS
TIONS

OLEOGUM
RESINS
Preparation of Resins

By collecting resins as plant


exudates from normally or By solvent extraction
pathologically conditions

By heating the plant part Distillation of oleoresins

By collecting fosil resins


DIFFERENCES BETWEEN RESINS AND
OTHER PLANT EXUDATES
USE OF RESINS

• AMBER JEWELRY
TRADITIONAL • INCENSE
USES • NATURAL VARNISHES

• ANTIHYPERTENSIVE
MEDICINAL • ANALGESIC

USES • CARDIOACTIVE PROPERTIES


• ANTICANCER

• FOOD PRESERVATION
INDUSTRIAL • SURFACE COATING
USES • EMULSIFIERS IN SYNTHETIC RUBBER
• PRINTING INKS
• PAPER SIZING TO CONTROL WATER
ABSORPTIVITY

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