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Graphics Ssss

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63 views27 pages

Graphics Ssss

Uploaded by

ricky4321
Copyright
© Attribution Non-Commercial (BY-NC)
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PPT, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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GRAPHICS

APPLICATION

GRAPHICS APPLICATION
A GRAPH CAN SPEAK

THOUSANDS

OF WORDS
What is computer graphics ?
o Graphics means pictorial representation of given data.

o Computer graphics generally means creation, storage


and manipulation of models and images
Such models come from diverse and expanding
set of fields including physical, mathematical,
artistic, biological, and even conceptual
Structures.

o William Fetter coined term “computer graphics” in


1960 to describe new design methods he was pursuing
at Boeing
APPLICATION OF GRAPHICS

IN BUSINESS:
 Campaigns
 Banners
 Brochures
 Internet websites &
 Advertisements.
Entertainment:

• Modern games
• Morphing
• Animations
• Music videos
Medical Science

• Graphics are needed in order to better train medical


students and doctors alike;
• Allow errors to be made on virtual rather than real
patients
• Allow rare cases to be modeled and studied;
• Alleviate the animal rights controversy and the shortage
of cadavers problem;
• Permit more enjoyable and efficacious treatment for
patients (example rehab);
• Allow more realistic examination (board exams);
• Allow reduction in medical costs (less liability suits,
cheaper training - emergency response).
Industrial
• Visualizing engineering concepts
- Training personnel
- Ergonomic evaluation
- Simulating interaction of assemblies
- Distributed product development
management
- Simulating manufacturing processes
Visualization of complicated, large data
Military

• Training
• Needed to improve
decision making by young
officers, in unusual situations;
• Creates mission rehearsal
exercises.
In Image processing:

• Concerned with analysis and


manipulation of images by computers.
• Improving picture quality
• Machine perception of visual
information,as used in robotics.
In Computer Aided Design:

Used in designing :
 Buildings
 Automobiles
 Aircraft , spacecraft , watercraft .
 Textiles
 Computers.
Display Devices In Graphics:
• Video display devices
• Raster-scan displays
• Color CRT Monitors
• Direct-view Storage Tubes
• Flat-panel displays
Input Devices In Graphics:
• Keyboards
• Mouse
• Trackball and Spaceball
• Joysticks
• Image scanners
• Touch Panels
• Light Pens
• Voice systems
GRAPHICS SOFTWARE:
• Two general classification:

• GENERAL PROGRAMMING PACKAGES

• SPECIAL-PURPOSE APPLICATIONS
PACKAGES
General programming packages:
• Extensive set of graphics functions used in high programming
language such as C or FORTRAN.
• FUNCTIONS:
• Generating picture components(straightline,circles,polygon)
• Setting color and intensity values
• Selecting views and applying transformations.
• Examples:
• Graphics library system on silicon graphics equipment.
Application Graphics packages:
• Designed for nonprogrammers so they can generate displays
without worrying about how graphics work.
• FUNCTIONS:
• Allow users to communicate with the programs in their own
terms
• EXAMPLES:
• Artist’s painting programs
• Various business,medical,CADsystems
Graphics Programs

• Corel
• Adobe PhotoShop
• Adobe Photo Deluxe
• Paint Shop Pro
• Windows Paint
• Microsoft Image Composer
TYPES OF GRAPHICS:

VECTOR GRAPHICS

RASTER GRAPHICS
VECTOR GRAPHICS RASTER GRAPHICS

• Image is represented by • image is represented as an


continuous geometric objects: rectangular grid of coloured
Lines,curves,etc. squares.
•Conversion from vector to • conversion of raster to
raster is easy. vector is difficult.
• Geometric transformation •Geometric transformation
without loss of information with loss of information
•Generally not affected by •It’s affected by scaling.
scaling •They are produced by digital
•It is generated using drawing images capture devices such
or illustration programs. as digital camera.
•It is typically save as .epj •It is typically save as TIFF
format. format but can be save as EPJ
Ex- Paint & photoshop as well.
Ex- Power Point & corelDraw
Basic graphics system

Input devices Image formed in FB Output Devices


Computer graphics:
1950-1960
 Computer graphics goes back to the
earliest days of computing
• Strip charts
• Pen plotters
• Simple displays using A/D converters to
go from computer to calligraphic CRT
• Computers slow, expensive, unreliable
Computer graphics:
1960 -1970
• Wire frame graphics
- draw only lines.
• Display processor
Computer graphics:
1970-1990
• Raster graphics;
Image produced as an array (the raster) of picture
elements (pixels) in the frame buffer.
Computer Graphics
2000 and Onwards:
• Photorealism comes to computer graphics.
• Graphics cards for PCs dominate market:
Nvidia, ATI, 3DLabs
• Game boxes and game players determine
direction of market.
• Computer graphics routine in movie industry:
 Maya, Lightwave
• Programmable pipelines.
Enabling Modern Computer Graphics
Hardware revolution:-
Moore’s Law: every 12-18 months, computer power improves by
factor of 2 in price / performance as feature size shrinks.

Significant advances in commodity graphics chips every 6


months, outrunning CPU chip advance

CPU: Intel Itanium 2 dual core has 1.7 billion transistors total

GPU: Radeon HD 5850 dual core has 1.8 billion per core

Newest processors are 64-bit, dual/quad/8 core


Intel Core 2 Quad™, AMD Athlon64 X2™, Mac ProTM Quad/8-
Core
GRAPHICS

By :
SANJEET KUMAR
NEHA SAHAY
SUNANDA YADAV
SHASHI RAJ
BEENA KUMARI

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