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Simulation Systems: Basic Concepts

System simulation involves using mathematical models and computers to study systems without performing actual experiments. It allows engineers and scientists to experiment with systems virtually, saving time and money compared to physical experiments. A system consists of objects called entities that have attributes and interact with each other. Examples of systems include factories, universities, and aircraft flights. Systems can be static or dynamic, deterministic or probabilistic, continuous or discrete. Simulation is used to experimentally validate and generate parameters for theoretical mathematical models of systems.

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39 views14 pages

Simulation Systems: Basic Concepts

System simulation involves using mathematical models and computers to study systems without performing actual experiments. It allows engineers and scientists to experiment with systems virtually, saving time and money compared to physical experiments. A system consists of objects called entities that have attributes and interact with each other. Examples of systems include factories, universities, and aircraft flights. Systems can be static or dynamic, deterministic or probabilistic, continuous or discrete. Simulation is used to experimentally validate and generate parameters for theoretical mathematical models of systems.

Uploaded by

bassem
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© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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SIMULATION SYSTEMS

BASIC CONCEPTS 1
SYSTEM SIMULATION

• System simulation help an engineer or a


scientist to study a system with the help of
mathematical models and computers.
• System simulation is nothing but an
experiment with the help of computers,
without performing actual experiment.
• It saves lot of money which is required, if we
actually perform experiments with the real
system.
WHAT IS A SYSTEM?

• A broader definition of a system is, “Any object


which has some action to perform and is
dependent on number of objects called entities, is
a system”.
EXAMPLE OF A SYSTEM

• A class room, a college, or a university is a


system.
• University consists of number of colleges (which
are entities of the system called university) and
a college has class rooms, students, laboratories
and lot many other objects, as entities.
• Each entity has its own attributes or properties.
• For example attribute of a student is to study
and work hard.
EXAMPLE OF A SYSTEM

• Each college in itself can be treated as a complete


system.
• If we combine few of these objects, joined in some
regular interactions or inter-dependence, then this
becomes a large system.
• we can say university is a large system. whereas
college is a system.
• This means, each system can be divided into
blocks, where each block is in itself a complete and
independently working system.
• When these blocks are combined, depending on
some interdependence, they become entities of a
larger system.
EXAMPLE OF A SYSTEM 2

• A factory consisting of various units


such as procurement department,
fabrication and sale
• department is also a system.
• Each department of the factory, on
which it depends, is an independent
system and can be modeled
independently.
SYSTEMS AND THEIR COMPONENTS
EXOGENOUS AND ENDOGENOUS
SYSTEMS
• Sometimes the system is effected by the
environment. Such a system is called exogenous.
• If it is not effected by the environment, it is called
endogenous.
• the economic model of a country is effected by the
world economic conditions, and is exogenous
model.
• Aircraft flight is exogenous, as flight profile is
effected by the weather conditions.
STATIC SYSTEM AND DYNAMIC SYSTEM

• Systems broadly can be divided into two types,


static system and dynamic system.
• If a system does not change with time, it is called a
Static System
• if changes with time, it is called a Dynamic System.
SCIENTIFIC TECHNIQUES

• Scientific techniques used in system studies


can also broadly be divided into two types:
1. Deterministic studies and
2. Probabilistic studies.
DETERMINISTIC STUDIES

• Deterministic studies are the techniques,


where results are known exactly.
• One can represent system in the form of
mathematical equations and these
equations may be solved by analytic
methods or by numerical computations.
• Numerical computations is one of the
important tools in system analysis and comes
to rescue the system analyst, where
analytical solutions are not feasible.
CONTINUOUS AND DISCRETE

• Apart from the two types of studies given above,


system can be defined as:
i. Continuous and
ii. Discrete.
• Fluid flow in a pipe, motion of an aircraft or
trajectory of a projectile, are examples of
continuous systems.
• Examples of discrete systems are, a factory where
products are produced and marketed in lots.
• Another example of discrete system is firing of a gun
on an enemy target.
CONTINUOUS AND DISCRETE SYSTEMS

• Deterministic studies are the techniques,


where results are known exactly.
• One can represent system in the form of
mathematical equations and these
equations may be solved by analytic
methods or by numerical computations.
• Numerical computations is one of the
important tools in system analysis and comes
to rescue the system analyst, where
analytical solutions are not feasible.
SIMULATION AND EXPERIMENT

• It is important to conduct experiments to


confirm theoretically developed mathematical
models.
• Not only the experiments are required for the
validation of the theoretical models but various
parameters required for the development of
theoretical models are also generated by
experimental techniques.
• For example to study the performance of an
aircraft, various parameters like drag, lift and
moment coefficients are needed, which can
only be determined experimentally in the wind
tunnel.

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