Generator Auxiliaries
Aakash Trivedi
Power Training Institute
2
GENERATOR AUXILIARIES
Mechanical:
• Seal Oil System
• Hydrogen Cooling System
• Stator Water Cooling System
• Lube Oil System
• Jacking Oil System
Electrical:
• Protection System
• Excitation System
3
COOLANT definition
Primary Coolant: A medium, liquid or gas which, being at a
lower temperature than a part of a machine and in contact with it,
removes heat from that part.
Secondary Coolant: A medium, liquid or gas which, being at a
lower temperature than the primary coolant, removes the heat
given up by this primary coolant by means of a heat exchanger or
through the external surface of the machine.
4
GENERATOR SPECIFICATIONS
Parameters Koradi Jaypee Nigrie APPDCL
(3 x 660 MW) (2 x 660 MW) (2 x 800 MW)
Cooling:
a)Stator Winding :-
Primary Coolant DM Water DM Water DM Water
Secondary Coolant Cooling Water through Cooling Water through Cooling Water through
PHE PHE PHE
b)Rotor Winding
Primary Coolant Hydrogen gas Hydrogen gas Hydrogen gas
Secondary Coolant Cooling Water through Cooling Water through Cooling Water through
heat Exchanger heat Exchanger heat Exchanger
Stator Cooling water purity 1 to 1.5 μS/cm 1 to 1.5 μS/cm 1 to 1.5 μS/cm
Stator Cooling water temp
•At cooler inlet 75 C
ͦ 75 C
ͦ 75 C
ͦ
•At cooler outlet 50 C ͦ 50 C ͦ 50 C ͦ
Insulation Class and Class F (155°C) Class F (155°C), temp. Class F (155°C), temp.
Permissible Temperature rise limited to class B rise limited to class B
Rise (130°C) (130°C)
5
Insulation Classes for Electrical Insulators
(as per IEC 34.1)
Insulation Class Maximum Permissible Temperature ( ͦC)
Y 90
A 105
E 120
B 130
F 155
H 180
C > 180
6
COOLING DESIGNATION SYSTEM
IC8A1W7
Circuit Primary Circuit Secondary Circuit
Arrangement
7
COOLING SYSTEM DESIGNATION Characteristic Letter for Coolant
A Air
IC8A1W7 F Freon
H Hydrogen
N Nitrogen
C Carbon Dioxide
Characteristic Numeral for Circuit Arrangement: W Water
U Oil
0 Free Circulation
S Any other coolant (mentioned in contract)
1 Inlet pipe/duct Circulated
Y Coolant not yet selected
2 Outlet pipe/duct Circulated
3 Inlet and Outlet pipe/duct Circulated Characteristic Numeral for Method of Circulation:
4 Frame Surface Cooled 0 Free Convection
5 Integral Heat Exchanger (using surrounding 1 Self – circulation
medium)
2 Reserved for future use
6 Machine – mounted Heat Exchanger (using 3
surrounding medium) 4
7 Integral Heat Exchanger (using remote 5 Integral independent component
medium)
6 Machine-mounted independent component
8 Machine – mounted Heat Exchanger (using
7 Separate and Independent component or coolant system pressure
remote medium)
8 Relative displacement between the machine and the coolant
9 Separate Heat Exchanger (using surrounding
or remote medium) 9 Any method other than described above
8
STATOR COOLING WATER SYSTEM
• Primary coolant - cool generator stator coils.
• Closed loop system, circulate the high purity water
through the stator coil hallow conductors to remove
heat due to the stator coil losses (upon direct contact)
The upper side of the water tank is pressurized with hydrogen. The hydrogen is supplied
from the generator hydrogen system. Since the generator hydrogen pressure is higher
than the pressure of stator water system, small amount of generator hydrogen enters into
the stator water system permeating through the insulation hoses. Therefore, the tank
hydrogen pressure is normally increased if there is no hydrogen leakage from the stator
water system. For this reason, it is not usually required to replenish the hydrogen to the
stator water system.
9
STATOR COOLING WATER SYSTEM- GA, P&ID
• GA
• P&ID
10
TEMPERATURE MEASUREMENT GENERATOR
HYDROGEN
SUPPLY
SCCW DIFFERENTIAL
ORIFICE PRESSURE
FLOW PRESSURE
MEASUREMENT MEASUREMENT
FILTER D.P. STATOR COIL COOLING
MEASUREMENT FILTER WATER TANK
LEVEL
DRAIN MEASUREMENT
FILTER
COOLING STATOR COIL COOLING
1. INITIAL FILLING
WATER WATER PUMP
10% 2. HYDROGEN CAPPING
3. STATOR COIL
COOLING WATER
CIRCULATION
DM STRAINER 4. STATOR COIL
WATER DEMINERALISER CONDUCTIVITY COOLING WATER
MEASUREMENT DEMINERALISATION
5. MEASUREMENTS
STATOR COOLING WATER SYSTEM
The upper side of the water tank is pressurized with hydrogen.
The hydrogen is supplied from the generator hydrogen system.
Since the generator hydrogen pressure is higher than the
pressure of stator water system, small amount of generator
hydrogen enters into the stator water system permeating
through the insulation hoses.
Therefore, the tank hydrogen pressure is normally increased if
there is no hydrogen leakage from the stator water system.
For this reason, it is not usually required to replenish the
hydrogen to the stator water system.
12
STATOR COOLING WATER SYSTEM
13
TEFLON HOSE CONNECTION
STATOR COIL COOLING WATER SUPPLY UNIT
DEMINERALIZER
WATER
TANK
WATER WATER
PUMP FILTER
WATER
COOLER
SEAL OIL SYSTEM
• Supplies oil to the Generator Gland Seals for the
purpose of preventing hydrogen gas from escaping the
generator along the rotor shaft
• Maintains the purity of hydrogen gas in generator, by
preventing air from mixing with it.
• Seal Oil source : Turbine Lube Oil System
• Seal Oil Pressure : 0.6 bar above Hydrogen pressure
at seals
16
SEAL OIL SYSTEM – GA, P&ID
• GA
• P&ID
17
18
Lube Oil Supply
Jacking Oil
Supply
Loop Seal Tank
To Fill Drain
Regulator Tank
• Seal Oil Filling
Filte
r
• Air-side Seal Oil
Circulation
Cool
er
Seal Oil
Pump
Drain
Regulator
Tank
Filter
Cool
• Hydrogen Side Seal
er Oil Circulation
Seal Oil
Pump
Lube Oil Supply
Jacking Oil
Supply
Loop Seal Tank
Drain
Regulator
Tank
Gland Seal Float
Pump
Filter
MEASUREMENTS
Cooler Filter
• Pressure Measurement
• Differential Pressure Measurement
• Flow Measurement
• Temperature Measurement
Cooler • Level measurement
• Filter Differential Pressure
Measurement
Seal Oil
Pump
Seal Oil Pump
SEAL OIL SUPPLY UNIT
DRAIN REGULATOR
H2 SIDE SEAL OIL PUMP AIR SIDE SEAL OIL PUMP
SEAL OIL SUPPLY UNIT COMPONENTS
SEAL OIL PUMP & MOTOR
SEAL OIL COOLER
DIFF. PRESS.
REGULATOR
SEAL OIL SUPPLY SYSTEM EQUIPMENT
LOOP SEAL TANK
VAPOR EXTRACTOR
Seal oil unit Monitoring panel
H2SO Filter Back-up Float oil pump Float oil Filter
discharge oil discharge discharge
ASO Filter pressure pressure pressure pressure
discharge
pressure
ASO pump
discharge
pressure
Differential
pressure
indicator Seal oil
H2SO- temperature
ASO indicator
25
GENERATOR GAS SYSTEM - Description
• Hydrogen : Primary coolant for generator rotor.
• Carbon Dioxide : Purging, of hydrogen gas to avoid Air-Hydrogen
mixture
• DM Water : Secondary coolant, cools Hydrogen
Particulars Specification
Explosive range (H2 in air) 4-75 % (by volume)
H2 purity > 95% (by volume)
H2 pressure 5 bar g
CO2 pressure 0.5 to 2 bar g
H2 temp at cooler inlet 60 ͦC
H2 temp at cooler o/l 45 ͦC
26
GENERATOR GAS SYSTEM – GA, P&ID
• GA
• P&ID
27
GAS PRESSURE,
DIFFERENTIAL
PRESSURE DETECTION
GAS PURITY
DETECTION
VENT
Service Water Supply
• CO2 Filling
FILTER
(LIQUID CO2 FEED)
PRV
(P=0-5 barg) • Air Purging
CARBON DIOXIDE SUPPLY
UNIT
• CO2 Pressure & Purity Measurement
VAPORIZER HEATER - ON
Hydrogen Gas
Coolers
GAS PRESSURE,
DIFFERENTIAL
PRESSURE DETECTION
Cooling Water
GAS PURITY
DETECTION
• H2 Filling
PRV C2
Secondary Pressure = 5-7 barg
• CO2 Purging
FILTER
• H2 Pressure & Purity Measurement
PRV – C1
Primary Pressure = 9 barg
• H2 Cooling
HYDROGEN GAS FEED HYDROGEN SUPPLY
UNIT
FILTERS
CIRCULATION
BLOWER
CONDENSER
COOLER
TOWER-A TOWER-B BLOWER
HEATER
CONDENSER
DRAIN TRAP
• GAS DRYING ACTION
• ALUMINA REGENERATING ACTION
CO2 GAS VAPORISER
PURITY MONITORING UNIT
H2 & CO2 BOTTLE RACKS
GENERATOR GAS SYSTEM
34
LUBE OIL SYSTEM - Description
• Supplies lubrication oil to the bearings and remove heat from the
bearings.
Type Parameters
Lube oil ISOVG321EH
Main oil tank Temp. 70 ºC
Oil temperature at cooler inlet 64.1 ºC
Oil temperature at cooler outlet 46 ºC
Foreign particle size limit 2μ
Water content < 500 ppm
35
LUBE OIL SYSTEM – GA, P&ID
• P&ID
36
(GENERATOR PROTECTION)
1. Stator Earth Fault
2. Rotor Earth Fault
3. Negative Phase Sequence
4. Loss of Excitation
5. Differential protection
6. Reverse Power Protection
7. Low Forward Power
Protection
8. Over Fluxing
9. Overload Protection
10. Over voltage Stator Earth Protection by Low Frequency Voltage Injection
(GENERATOR PROTECTION)
1. Stator Earth Fault 11. Over Frequency
2. Rotor Earth Fault 12. Under Frequency
3. Negative Phase Sequence
4. Loss of Excitation
5. Differential protection
6. Reverse Power Protection
7. Low Forward Power
Protection
8. Over Fluxing
9. Overload Protection
10. Over voltage
Thank You
39
