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Arduino Based RADAR System Project

This document describes an Arduino-based radar system project using an ultrasonic sensor. The system includes an Arduino microcontroller, ultrasonic sensor, servo motor, jumper wires, buzzer, and USB cable. The ultrasonic sensor is mounted on a servo motor controlled by the Arduino. When an object is detected within the sensor's threshold distance, the Arduino will determine the angle of the servo motor and send distance and angle data via SMS. The system aims to precisely detect obstacles using an affordable setup.

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Vijay
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3K views

Arduino Based RADAR System Project

This document describes an Arduino-based radar system project using an ultrasonic sensor. The system includes an Arduino microcontroller, ultrasonic sensor, servo motor, jumper wires, buzzer, and USB cable. The ultrasonic sensor is mounted on a servo motor controlled by the Arduino. When an object is detected within the sensor's threshold distance, the Arduino will determine the angle of the servo motor and send distance and angle data via SMS. The system aims to precisely detect obstacles using an affordable setup.

Uploaded by

Vijay
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
Available Formats
Download as PPTX, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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PAAVAI ENGINEERING COLLEGE

(AUTONOMOUS)
DEPARTMENT OF MECHATRONICS ENGINEERING
MAIN PROJECT WORK PHASE -I
ARDUINO BASED RADAR SYSTEM

GUIDE GROUP MEMBERS


AJAYKARTHIK R.T, AJITH KUMAR V (16108002),
ASSOCIATE PROFESSOR, MANIVASAGAM J (16108018),
DEPARTMENT OF MECHATRONICS. MANOJ KUMAR R (16108019),
ABSTRACT

ULTRASONIC RADAR is an object-detection system which uses radio waves to


determine the range, altitude, direction, or speed of objects. Ultrasonic Radar systems are used for
air-traffic control at airports, and long range surveillance and early-warning systems. A radar system
is the heart of a missile guidance system. Mountainous terrain affects radar echo patterns by
interfering with the radar beam and modifying precipitation processes and patterns. When the radar
beam is intercepted by terrain, clutter and shadowing result.
PRINCIPLE OF OPERATION

A radar system has a transmitter that emits radio waves called radar signals
in predetermined directions. When these come into contact with an object they are usually reflected
or scattered in many directions. Radar signals are reflected especially well by materials of
considerable electrical conductivity especially by most metals, by seawater and by wet lands. The
radar signals that are reflected back towards the transmitter are the desirable ones that make radar
work. If the object is moving either toward or away from the transmitter, there is a slight equivalent
change in the frequency of the radio waves, caused by the Doppler Effect.
COMPONENTS

• Arduino microcontroller Uno

• Servo motor

• Ultrasonic sensor

• Jumper wire

• Buzzer

• USB Cable
BLOCK DIAGRAM

ULTRASONIC
SENSOR
VOLTAGE
REGULATOR
SERVO
ARDUINO
MOTOR
BOARD
(120-150 rpm)

DISPLAY
DEVICE
(PC MONITOR)
WORKING

Arduino control the servo motor in angle between 0 to 180 degree. On


this servo motor we are putting ultrasonic sensor which is connected to the arduino board.
Ultrasonic sensor work on the trigger and echo pulse. As per object distance it will generate
echo pulse. If object is having less distance than threshold distance saved in program then
program will find out the angle of servo motor. In next operation distance data and angle data
is send to the predefined mobile number in SMS using SIM900 module which is interfaced to
the Arduino. If object is detected then camera the servo motor will actuate.
LITERATURE SURVEY

• Ahman Emmanuel Onoja & Abdusalaam Maryam Oluwadamilola,” Embedded System Based Radio
Detection and Ranging (RADAR) System Using Arduino and Ultra-Sonic Sensor, Vol.2,
No.5,(2017), provided a range of 70cm, we have expanded to one meter.

• Shengbo Eben Li, Guofa Li, Jiaying Yu, Chang Liu, Bo Cheng, Jianqiang Wang & Keqiang Li,”
Kalman filter-based tracking of moving objects using linear ultrasonic sensor array for road
vehicles”, elsever (2018), has used complex setup with large sized equipment and we have
minimized the size.

• Valerie Ciarletti,” A variety of radars designed to explore the hidden structures and properties of the
Solar System’s planets and bodies”. Vol.1, No.20,(2005), has only performed for defect analysings in
materials.
CONTROL UNIT

Ultrasonic sensors work on a principle similar to radar or sonar which evaluate


attributes of a target by interpreting the echoes from radio or sound waves respectively. Ultrasonic
sensors generate high frequency sound waves and evaluate the echo which is received back by the
sensor.

A servomotor is a rotary actuator that allows for precise control of angular position,
velocity and acceleration. It consists of a suitable motor coupled to a sensor for position feedback. It
also requires a relatively sophisticated controller, often a dedicated module designed specifically for
use with servomotors.

Arduino uno is a microcontroller which works on the basis of computer software and
highly capable to change the programming based on the environmental condition it also an object
oriented programmable microcontroller, highly flexible to the user.
ADVANTAGES

• The ultrasonic sensor has high frequency, high sensitivity and high power.

• These sensors easily interface with microcontroller or any type of controller

• These sensors have greater accuracy then other methods for measuring the thickness and depth of
parallel surface.

• These sensors could easily sense the nature, shape and orientation of that specific objects which is
within the area of these sensors.

• There sensors are easy to use, not dangerous during operation for nearby objects, person,
equipment or material
DISADVANTAGES

• During use of ultrasonic tester for testing it is very important to know the operational manual, in
other words it required careful attention for experienced technician.

• During the development inspection procedure of equipment using ultrasonic tester extensive
knowledge is required is testing technicians.

• When these sensors are used for inspection purpose then these should be water resistive otherwise
they could be damaged.

• When these sensors are interfaced with microcontroller or any controller then experienced person or
programmer is required.
APPLICATION

• Marine radar

• Aircraft control

• Metallurgy analysis

• Defect analysis on material

• Satellite applications

• automated driving vehicles


CONCLUSION

This project aims on the use of Ultrasonic Sensor by connected to the Arduino
UNO R3 board and the signal from the sensor further provided to the screen formed on the laptop
to measure the presence of any obstacle in front of the sensor as well as determine the range and
angle at which the obstacle is detected by the sensor.
REFERENCE

• Valerie Ciarletti,” A variety of radars designed to explore the hidden structures and properties of the
Solar System’s planets and bodies”.

• Ahman Emmanuel Onoja & Abdusalaam Maryam Oluwadamilola,” Embedded System Based Radio
Detection and Ranging (RADAR) System Using Arduino and Ultra-Sonic Sensor, Vol.2,
No.5,(2017), pp.85-90.

• Shengbo Eben Li, Guofa Li, Jiaying Yu, Chang Liu, Bo Cheng, Jianqiang Wang & Keqiang Li,”
Kalman filter-based tracking of moving objects using linear ultrasonic sensor array for road
vehicles”, elsever (2018), pp:173-189.

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