Module 1 - Lecture 4: Money Time Relationship
Module 1 - Lecture 4: Money Time Relationship
MONEY TIME
RELATIONSHIP
Prof. Dr. M.F. El-Refaie
Compound interest factors:
Based on the concept of time value of money and bound to the mechanism of
compound interest, it is often required to interrelate some of the following quantities:
P is the value or sum of money at a time denoted as the present, m.u.
F is the value or sum of money at a future time, m.u.
A is the series of consecutive, equal, end-of-period amounts of money, m.u per unit
time.
n is the number of interest periods.
i is the interest rate.
The transformation multipliers (or time-value conversions) are called the “Compound
Interest Factors" or the “Engineering Economy Factors".
The names of these factors together with their standard abbreviations and notations are
given in Table 4.1.
Table 4.1: Standard factor notations
Factor name Standard notation
p F
P / F , i%, n P F P / F , i%, n
F p
F / P , i%, n F P F / P, i%, n
p A
P / A, i%, n P A P / A, i%, n
A P
A / P, i%, n A P A / P, i%, n
A F
A / F , i%, n A F A / F , i%, n
F A
F / A, i%, n F A F / A, i%, n
SINGLE-PAYMENT COMPOUND
AMOUNT FACTOR (SPCAF)
(SPCAF )
P= given
0 1 2 3 4 n-2 n-1 n
F= ??
This factor was implicitly derived previously.
F P 1 i
n
F / P F / P , i , n 1 i
n
Example 4.1
If you have L.E.2000 now and invest it at 10%, how much will it be
worth in 8 years?
F= ??
i = 10 %
0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8
years
2000
Solution
F=
??
i= 5 %
0 years
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10
3x105
m.u. 4 x105
6x105 m.u. m.u.
F=
??
i= 5 %
0 years
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10
4 x105
3x105 m.u.
m.u.
6x105 m.u.
P’
F = P' (F/P, 5, 5)
= 15.1306 × 105 × (1.05)5
= 19.311 × 105
Solution
Solution of the Excel sheet is shown in figure where we can see in the equation bar that:
F = FV (5%, 10,, 600000, 0) + FV (5%, 8,, 300000, 0) + FV (5%, 5,, 400000, 0)
SINGLE-PAYMENT PRESENT
WORTH FACTOR (SPPWF)
(SPPWF)
P= ??
0 1 2 3 4 n-2 n-1 n
F= given
P F / 1 i
n
1
P / F P / F ,i , n
1 i
n
Example 4.3
0 1 2 3 4 5
years
P = ??
Suppose you buy a share for L.E.10 and sell it for L.E.20, your profit is L.E.10. If
that happens within a year, your rate of return is an impressive 100% (L.E.10 /
L.E.10 = 1). If that takes 5 years, what would be the average annual rate of return
on your investment?
L.E.20
i=?%
years
0 1 2 3 4 5
L.E.10
Solution
1. F = P (1 + i)n
20 = 10(1 + i) 5
Then
i = 2(1/5) – 1 = 14.87 %
0 1 2 3 4 n-2 n-1 n
A =given
the future value F for any series of equal installments as shown in table.
A series of equal payments
Payment at end of period
Accumulate to
No.
1 1 i n1
2 1 i n2
3 1 i n3
.
. .
. .
n-1 A 1 .i
n A
The future compound amount is the summation of the right-hand column. Thus,
F A 1 i 1 i 1 i 1 i 1
n 1 n 2 n 3
Multiplying by 1 i
1 i F A 1 i 1 i 1 i 1 i
n n 1 n2
Subtracting
iF A 1 i 1
n
1 i 1
n
F
A
F
A
, i, n i
Example 4.5
years
0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15
A = L.E.1000
F = ??
i=7%
years
0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10
A = L.E.3000
Solution
F = ??
i= 15 %
0
years
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15
A = 600 m.u.
30 000 m.u.
i
AF
1 i n 1
A
F
A
F
, i, n i
1 i 1
n
(SSF) F = given
0 1 2 3 4 n-2 n-1 n
A = ??
Example 4.8
The future amount, F, is L.E.1000000. The equal annual amount this student
must place in a sinking fund that grows to L.E.1000000 in 45 years at 7%
annual interest
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