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Lesson 1 Data Processing

The document discusses the characteristics, functionalities, and types of computers. It defines a computer as a programmable machine that performs arithmetic and logical operations on input provided by a user to produce output. Computers have characteristics like speed, accuracy, and storage capacity. The main functionalities of a computer are taking input, storing and processing data, generating output, and controlling these steps. The main types of computers discussed are microcomputers, workstations, minicomputers, mainframes, and supercomputers. The document also provides an overview of data processing, defining it as the manipulation of data into useful information.

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grace balansag
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22 views

Lesson 1 Data Processing

The document discusses the characteristics, functionalities, and types of computers. It defines a computer as a programmable machine that performs arithmetic and logical operations on input provided by a user to produce output. Computers have characteristics like speed, accuracy, and storage capacity. The main functionalities of a computer are taking input, storing and processing data, generating output, and controlling these steps. The main types of computers discussed are microcomputers, workstations, minicomputers, mainframes, and supercomputers. The document also provides an overview of data processing, defining it as the manipulation of data into useful information.

Uploaded by

grace balansag
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
Available Formats
Download as PPTX, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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Lesson 1

Computer Characteristics,
Functionalities
Data Processing
What is a Computer?
• Is a programmable machine designed to perform
arithmetic and logical operations automatically
and sequentially on the input given by the user
and gives the desired output after processing
• An electronic device that helps people perform
different tasks
Characteristics of Computer
• Speed
• Accuracy
• Diligence
• Versatility
• Storage capacity
• No I.Q.
• No feeling
Functionalities of Computer
• Any digital computer carries out five functions:
▫ Takes data as input
▫ Stores data/instruction in it memory for future
use
▫ Process data and convert it into useful information
▫ Generates the output
▫ Controls all the above four steps
Types of Computers
Microcomputer
•Designed for an individual
•Also known as PC or personal
computer
•Uses microprocessor
technology to input,
manipulate, store and output
data
•Personal Computers, Portable
Computers (Laptop/Notebook,
Subnotebook, PDA, Tablet PC
Workstation
• used for engineering
applications (CAD/CAM),
desktop publishing, software
development, and other such
types of applications which
require a moderate amount of
computing power and
relatively high quality graphics
capabilities
Minicomputer
•Midsized computer
•In size and power,
minicomputers lie between
workstations and mainframes
•Is a multiprocessing system
capable of supporting from 4 to
about 200 users
simultaneously
Mainframe
•A very large and expensive
computer capable of
supporting hundreds, or even
thousand of users
simultaneously
•More powerful than
supercomputers because they
support more simultaneous
programs
Supercomputer
•One of the fastest computers
currently available
•Very expensive and are
employed for specialized
applications that require
immense amount of
mathematical calculations
Understanding Data Processing
• Defined as any collection of facts.
• Data Processing is the manipulation of data into more
useful information.
• Categories: Mechanical data processing, Electronic data
processing
Data Processing Cycle
Expanded data processing cycle
• Origination – refers to the process of collecting
the original data
• Distribution – refers to the distribution of the
output data
• Storage – where data processing results are
frequently placed
Areas of data processing
• Business data processing (BDP) –
characterized by the need to establish, retain and
process files of data for producing useful
information
• Scientific data processing (SDP) – involves a
limited volume of input and many logical or
arithmetic calculations
Data Processing Operation
• Recording
• Verifying
• Duplicating
• Classifying
• Sorting
• Calculating
• Summarizing and Reporting
• Merging
• Storing
• Retrieving
• Feedback
Methods of processing data
• Batch processing
• On-line processing
• Real-time processing
• Distributed processing

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