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Bucket Sort

Bucket sort is a sorting algorithm that works by partitioning an array into a number of buckets. Each bucket is then sorted individually using another sorting algorithm or recursively applying bucket sort. It works by distributing elements in the input array into buckets based on their values, sorting each non-empty bucket, and gathering the elements back into the original array in sorted order. Bucket sort provides better performance than bubble sort but requires more memory.

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291 views9 pages

Bucket Sort

Bucket sort is a sorting algorithm that works by partitioning an array into a number of buckets. Each bucket is then sorted individually using another sorting algorithm or recursively applying bucket sort. It works by distributing elements in the input array into buckets based on their values, sorting each non-empty bucket, and gathering the elements back into the original array in sorted order. Bucket sort provides better performance than bubble sort but requires more memory.

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BUCKET

SORT
Bucket Sort, or Bin Sort, is a sorting algorithm that works by
partitioning an array into a number of buckets. Each bucket is then
sorted individually, either using a different sorting algorithm, or by
recursively applying the bucket sorting algorithm. It is a cousin of
radix sort in the most to least significant digit flavour. Bucket sort
is a generalization of pigeonhole sort. Since bucket sort is not a
comparison sort, the Ω(n log n) lower bound is inapplicable. The
computational complexity estimates involve the number of buckets.
Bucket sort works as follows:
1.Set up an array of initially empty
"buckets."
2.Scatter: Go over the original array, putting
each object in its bucket.
3.Sort each non-empty bucket.
4.Gather: Visit the buckets in order and put all
elements back into the original array.
Algorithm works as follows:

1. Each value of the single-subscripted array is placed


into a row of the bucket array based on the value’s
one digit. This is called the “Distribution Pass”.
2. Loop through the bucket array row-by-row and copy
the values back to the original array. This is called
”Gathering Pass”.
3. Repeat this process for each subsequent digit position
(tens, hundreds, thousands, etc)…
Note:

The double-subscripted array of the buckets is ten times


the size of the integer array being sorted. This sorting
techniques provides better performance than a bubble sort,
but requires much more memory. This version of the bucket
sort requires copying all the data back to the original
array on each pass. Another possibility is to create a
second double-subscripted bucket array and repeatedly
swap the data between the two bucket arrays.
Comparison with other sorting algorithms
Bucket sort can be seen as a generalization of
counting sort; in fact, if each bucket has size 1
then bucket sort degenerates to counting sort. The
variable bucket size of bucket sort allows it to
use O(n) memory instead of O(M) memory, where
M is the number of distinct values; in exchange, it
gives up counting sort's O(n + M) worst-case
behavior.
Bucket sort with two buckets is effectively a
version of quick sort where the pivot value is
always selected to be the middle value of the
value range. While this choice is effective for
uniformly distributed inputs, other means of
choosing the pivot in quick sort such as randomly
selected pivots make it more resistant to
clustering in the input distribution.
The idea of Bucket Sort is to divide the interval
(0,1) into n equal-sized sub-intervals or buckets and
then distribute the n input numbers into the buckets.
Since the inputs are uniformly distributed over (0,1),
we don’t expect many numbers in each bucket and
then go through the bucket in order, listing the
elements in each.
Pseudocode

function bucket-sort(array, n) is
buckets ← new array of n empty
lists
for i = 0 to (length(array)-1) do
insert array[i] into
buckets[msbits(array[i], k)]
for i = 0 to n - 1 do
next-sort(buckets[i]) return the
concatenation of buckets[0], ...,
buckets[n-1]
Elements are distributed among bins

Then, elements are sorted within each bin

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