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Research Methods Using BWTN Within Designs

The document discusses different types of experimental designs, including between-subjects and within-subjects designs. It covers topics like error variance, advantages and disadvantages of each design type, and how to address issues like carryover effects and confounding variables. The document is intended to examine and explain the use of between-subjects and within-subjects experimental designs.

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Jhaira Gonzales Vicencio
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33 views20 pages

Research Methods Using BWTN Within Designs

The document discusses different types of experimental designs, including between-subjects and within-subjects designs. It covers topics like error variance, advantages and disadvantages of each design type, and how to address issues like carryover effects and confounding variables. The document is intended to examine and explain the use of between-subjects and within-subjects experimental designs.

Uploaded by

Jhaira Gonzales Vicencio
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PPT, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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Research Methods

Summer 2009

Using Between Subjects and Within Subjects


Experimental Designs
7/20/03 Copyright Ed Lipinski and Mesa Community College, 2003- 1
2009. All rights reserved.
Agenda

• General Housekeeping
• Assignments
• Lesson Objective
• Ed’s Overview / Discussion
• Questions.

2
Objective

• “... to examine the use of between


subjects and within subjects
experimental designs”

3
Ed’s Overview

• I. Types of Experimental Designs


• II. Error Variance
• III. Between Subjects Designs
• IV. Within Subjects Designs
• V. I.V.’s and D.V.’s
• VI. Confounding.
4
Cohorts – APA Style…

• Why do you believe the APA has created writing


guidelines for professional publications?
• What was the most helpful element associated
with using APA Style? Why?
• What was the most difficult challenge associated
with using APA Style? Why?
• What might I do differently next time I write an
APA Style Paper?
• What might be some ethical considerations
associated with the report I wrote or the writing
style that I used?.
5
Cohorts – Top Five…

• Cohort ‘A’: Making Systematic


Observations

• Cohort ‘B’: Using Survey Research

• Cohort ‘C’: Using Between-Subjects


and Within-Subjects Designs.
6
Class Discussion

• What is a Between-Subjects Design?


• Between-Subjects: Different groups
of subjects are assigned to the levels
of your independent variable
• Pros and Cons of this Design.
7
Class Discussion

• What is a Within-Subjects Design?


• Within-Subjects: A single group of
subjects is exposed to all levels of
your independent variable
• Pros and Cons of this Design.
8
Class Discussion

• What is a Single-Subject Design?


• Single-Subject Design: The subject is
exposed to all levels of the
independent variable, however, you
do not average statistically across
subjects
• Pros and Cons of this Design.
9
I. Types of Experimental
Designs

• A. Looking For Cause


• B. Quantitative and Qualitative
Manipulation
• C. Between Subjects Designs
• D. Within Subjects Designs
• E. Single Subject Designs.

10
II. Error Variance

• A. Error Variance
• B. Sources of Error Variance
• C. Handling Error Variance
• Reducing Error Variance
• Increasing Effectiveness of I.V.
• Randomizing
• Statistical Analysis.

11
III. Between Subjects
Design

• A. Single Factor Randomized Groups


Design
• Randomized Two-Group Design
• Randomized Multigroup Design
• Parametric Design
• Nonparametric Design
• Multiple Control Group Design.

12
III. Between Subjects
Design

• B. Matched Groups Design


• Matched Sets Distributed At Random
• Logic
• Advantages and Disadvantages
• Matched Pairs Design
• Matched Multigroup Designs.

13
IV. Within Subjects
Designs
• A. Advantages
• B. Disadvantages
• C. Sources of Carryover
• Learning
• Fatigue
• Habituation
• Sensation
• Contrast
• Adaptation.
14
IV. Within Subjects
Designs
• D. Dealing With Carryover
• Counterbalancing
• Complete Counterbalancing
• Partial Counterbalancing
• Latin Square Design
• Minimizing Carryover
• Treatment Order As An I.V..

15
IV. Within Subjects
Designs
• E. When To Use
• Subjects Correlated With D.V.
• Economizing On Subjects
• Increasing Exposure
• F. Versus Matched Groups
• G. Types of Within-Subjects Designs
• Single Factor Two-Level Designs
• Single Factor Multilevel Designs.
16
V. I.V.’s and D.V.’s

• A. Factorial Designs
• Separate Group For Each I.V. Level
• Main Effects
• Interactions
• Factorial Within Subjects Designs
• Higher Order Factorial Designs
• B. Other Group-Based Designs
• C. Multivariate Designs – More D.V.’s.
17
VI. Confounding

• A. Varying With The I.V..


• Maturation
• History.

18
Recap

• I. Types of Experimental Designs


• II. Error Variance
• III. Between Subjects Designs
• IV. Within Subjects Designs
• V. I.V.’s and D.V.’s
• VI. Confounding.

19
Between and Within
Questions

20

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