ITT CENTRE NAME: BIKANER BRANCH OF CIRC OF ICAI

BATCH COMMENCEMENT DATE: 26-May-2016

PROJECT TOPIC: Internet Basics

SUBMITTED BY:

Neha Agarwal
IPCC REG. NO. CRO - 0550853

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BIKANER BRANCH OF CIRC OF ICAI C-I 009
BATCH NO.: Bikaner-05/16/IT-18

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 This Is To Certify That Miss. NEHA AGARWAL Has Under
Taken A Project On “INTERNET BASICS” After Going Through
The Report, We Wish To Record Our Satisfaction & Commend
To Miss. NEHA AGARWAL For The Effort Put In By Their In This
Exercise.

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 SUBMITTED BY NEHA AGARWAL UNDER THE
GUIDANCE OF MISS SONALI JAIN (I.T.T. FACULTY)
Submitted For The I.T. Training
Conducted By
Bikaner Branch Of I.C.A.I For The Course Of I.P.C.C.
BATCH NO. Bikaner-05/16/IT-18
REG. NO. BKN/2016-17/331

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 While coming on acknowledgement, it seems to me closing of
long chapter of reminiscences which bloomed and gloomed at BRANCH
CHAIRMAN CA MANAK CHAND KOCHAR, BIKANER BRANCH OF CIRC OF
ICAI, BIKANER.

This is my proud privilege to express my sincere and deep

sense of gratitude my faculty member Ms. SONALI JAIN for inspiration
guidance, persistent involvement, scholarly suggestion and constructive critical
supervision throughout the pursuit of present study.

And finally many thanks to all those friends who kept

company and who directly or indirectly helped me in the completing of this
project work.

NEHA AGARWAL

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 Definition Of Internet…………………………7
 History Of Internet……………………………..8
 Objective of Arpanet………………………….9
 World internet users- chart……………….10
 Uses of internet – general users ……….11
 Uses of internet – sector wise use..……12
 Ways to connect to internet………….…..13
 Connection requirement………….………..16
 Internet Service Providers………………….18
 Connection methods………………………….19
 Bandwidth…………………………………………21
 Web Browser……………………………………..24
 Advantages………………………………………..25
 Disadvantages……………………………………26
 Conclusion………………………………………...27
 Bibliography……………………………………….28
 Thanks……………………………………………….29
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 The Internet is a world wide system of computer
networks- a networks in which user at any one
computer can, if they have permission, get
information from other computer.
 Simply, The Internet is a collection of networks that
are connected together for exchange of information.
 When the computer is connected to the Internet, it is
said to be online.
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 The US department of defence laid the foundation of internet with
ARPANET formed by Advance Research Project Agency (ARPA)
of US.
 ARPANET was a network that connected major computers at the
University of California at Los Angels, the University of
California at Santa Barbara, Stanford Research Institute, and the
University of Utah.
 In response to the threat of nuclear attack. ARPANET was
designed to allow continued communication if one or more sites
were destroyed.
 ARPANET served only computer professionals, engineers, and
scientists who knew their way around its complex, workings.
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 The network would continue to function even if
one or many of the computers or connection in
the network failed.
 The network had to be useable at different
hardware and software platform.
 The network had to be automatically reroute
traffic around non-functioning parts of the
network.
 The network had to be a network of networks
,rather than a network of computers .
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There are approximately 3,424,971,237 users in world who use
internet and this data cover approx. 46.1% of total world
population.
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 Access to vast resource of information:-We can use internet to
find about everything using internet search engines. Wikipedia is a good
source of information.
 Global file sharing:- A file can be put to the SHARED LOCATION so that
every person can use it. For this mirror servers & peer to peer network
can be used. Communication through social networking sites also enable
sharing files & send and receive messages.
 Remote access:- Computer users can easily connect to other
computers and information stores around the world using the internet.
The access can be done with or without security, authentication and
encryption, depending on the needs. Using VPN one can use remote
desktop session to access his PC on other side.
 VoIP:- VoIP (Voice over Internet Protocol) started from an optional two-
way voice chat provided by some of the instant messaging systems that
started around the year 2000. The benefit of VoIP is that it can be free or
cost much less than a normal telephone call, because the Internet carries
that voice traffic.
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Home user Educational Government Commercial Health Cultural
user user concern organisation organisation

Industry Enterprise Database Information Business E-commerce

spreading transaction

Server Chat room E-mail Online games search

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 Types of internet
connection

Dedicated Access Dial up Access

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 In this type of connection we need to connect every
time we want to connect and we are able to disconnect
to the internet after completing work.
 It is usually less expensive and has a slower data
transfer rate compared to a dedicated Internet
connection.
 This connection is done using PPP (Point to Point
Protocol) or SLIP (Serial Line Internet Protocol).
 This connection enable our computer to be a real
internet host.
 Dial up access is also known as shell account.
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 In this case we can access internet directly. There is no
requirement to request ISP every time. The computer
remain connected to internet through out the day.
 Through this access, user’s computer is a node on
internet and it can attach to the computers through
LAN.
 User is able to run any internet application if the client
software is installed.
 Many large organizations and universities use
dedicated Internet connections because these
organizations and universities need to use the Internet
extensively.
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 Computing device.
 Connection device.
 Internet Service Provider (ISP).
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1. Computing device:
 Personal computer
 Portable computer (laptop)
 Mobile device (cell phone or handheld device)

2. Connection device:
 Modem i.e. Modulator/Demodulator

3. ISP
An ISP is a company that provides Internet
connectivity to individuals, businesses, and
organizations.
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 VSNL  CMC
 BSNL  Tata Internet Services
 Sify  Airtel
 Reliance  Hutch
 Data Ianfosys  DelDSL
 HCL Infinet  GTL
 Bharti Infonet  HathWay

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 Physical i.e. through cables .

 Wireless i.e. through

wireless fidelity or Wi-Fi card.

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 Wireless fidelity or Wi-Fi card that provides
wireless communication between the
computing device and the network. A Wi-Fi
card is not physically connected to an ISP.
 Access Point is used to connect a wireless
computing device to a wired network. This
wired network may belong to an ISP. You can
then connect to the Internet through this ISP.
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 Bandwidth is the amount of data that can be
transmitted over a network in a certain
amount of time.
 Bandwidth is measured in:
 Mbps (Megabits per second).
 Kbps (Kilobits per second).
 Bps (Bits per second).
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The actual rate of transfer of data will vary
depending on:
 ISP’s equipment.
 Type of Internet connection.
 Number of people using the same
connection at one time.
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 Types of Connection Data Transfer Rates

Dial-up 56.6 Kbps

Uploads Downloads
Digital Subscriber Line (DSL)
128 Kbps 512 Kbps

Cable Modem 36 Mbps

Wireless Technology 30 Mbps

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A web browser is a software application which enables a user to
display and interact with text, images, videos, music, games and
other information typically located on a web page at a website
on the world wide web or local area network.
There are two types of web browsers:-

Graphical Text

Ex. – Internet explorer, Ex. - Lynx

Firefox, Netscape,
Mozilla, Opera.
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 Communication:- The foremost target of Internet has always been the
communication. Innovations made it faster and more reliable like emails.
 Information:-It is a virtual treasure of information. Any kind of information
on any topic is available on the Internet. The search engines are available
for information drilling on internet.
 Entertainment:- Media of internet has become successful in trapping
multidimensional entertainment factor like Downloading games, visiting
chat rooms or just surfing the web.
 Services:- Many services are now provided on the Internet such as online
banking, job seeking, purchasing tickets for movies, guidance services on
array of topics engulfing the every aspect of life and hotel reservations.
 E- commerce:-Ecommerce is the concept used for any type of business
deals that involves the transfer of information across the globe via
Internet. It provide wide range of product from household needs,
technology to entertainment.
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 Theft of personal information:- When using internet we may face
danger as our personal information like name, address, credit card
no. etc. can be accessed by others to make our problem worse.
 Spamming:- Spamming refers to sending unwanted e-mails in bulk
which have no purpose and needlessly obstruct the entire system.
Rather then only ignoring such illegal activity we have to make an
effort to stop it.
 Virus Threat:- Virus is a program which disrupts the normal
functioning of computers. Computers attached to internet are more
prone to virus attacks and they can end up into crashing your whole
hard disk.
 Pornography:- This is perhaps the biggest threat related to
children’s healthy mental life. There are thousands of pornographic
sites on the Internet that can be easily found and can be a
detrimental factor to letting children use the Internet.
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 There are many disadvantages of Internet
but these are too less then advantages and
uses. Hence at last we conclude, that due to
Internet a global change is made. At present
information is shared more fastest and more
easily only due to Internet.

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 www.internetworldstats.com
 ITT module and CD
 Wikipedia
 www.internetbasics.gov.ac

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