DamageAssessment Part1

Damage
Assessment
The
Process
Course Objectives
At the end of this course, participants
will be able to:
describe the purpose of disaster
assessment
recognize the need for disaster
assessment teams (DATs)
develop Rapid Assessment plans and
procedures.
Course Objectives
determine what data is needed
determine how the data is obtained
identify the required forms and the

process to complete them
Local Damage Assessment
Assessment is Accomplished
in 3 Phases
1. Rapid Assessment - Takes place within hours
after an incident and focuses on lifesaving
needs, imminent hazards, and critical
lifelines.
2. Preliminary Damage Assessment (PDA)-
identifies and affixes a dollar amount to
damages.
3. Combined Verification - includes a detailed
inspection of damages to individual sites.
Why Do Damage Assessment?
Conducting a local damage assessment
enables local officials to:
• Determine the severity and magnitude of
the event
• Quantify homes and businesses impacted
by the disaster
• Determines whether local resources will be
sufficient to effectively respond and recover
from the event
Why do an assessment?
 provides local departments and
agencies with information
 helps to make decisions on how to
apply response resources
 provides state agencies and volunteer
organizations with information
 media wants to know the impact and
cost
Why do an assessment?
 document hazard mitigation needs

 measure the economic impact of a
disaster
 respond to media and congressional
needs
Why is Rapid Needs
Assessment Important?
 Developing rapid assessment plans and

procedures.
 Testing, evaluating, and finalizing the
plan.
Local Damage Assessment Must
Be Rapid, Detailed and Accurate.
• It should be completed and submitted to the State
within 36 hours of the event.
• The data collected will then be analyzed to
determine if supplemental assistance will be
needed from the State and/or Federal agencies.
• If necessary, the State will request a joint
preliminary damage assessment with the Federal
Emergency Management Agency (FEMA) and/or the
Small Business Administration (SBA).
• Delay in completing the assessment may delay
supplemental disaster assistance to those most in
need.
How to Classify
• We must have a common way to call each
classification
• Remember we are doing the first
assessment to ID
 What is wrong
 Where the problems are (LOCATION)
 How bad is it
There are 4 degrees of damage:
• Destroyed
• Major
• Minor
• Affected
WIND DAMAGE: SINGLE
FAMILY DWELLING
Examples:
• Some shingle damage
• Few broken windows
• Cosmetic damage to
siding
• Repairable
AFFECTED
WIND DAMAGE: SINGLE
FAMILY DWELLING
Examples:
• One (1) wall damaged
• Section of roof missing
or damaged
• Repairable
MINOR
WIND DAMAGE: SINGLE
FAMILY DWELLING
Examples:
• Substantial structural
damage to walls, roof,
etc.
• Repairable
MAJOR
WIND DAMAGE: SINGLE
FAMILY DWELLING
Examples:
• Total Loss
• Structure is
compromised
• Not repairable
DESTROYED
WIND DAMAGE: MOBILE HOME
Examples:
• Minor dents to roof
or siding
AFFECTED
Examples:
• Utility connections
broken
• Slight movement on
piers/foundation
MINOR
Examples:
• Wall and roof
damage
• Shifted on
piers/foundation
MAJOR
Examples:
• Total Loss
• Bent Frame
• Buckled walls, roof
DESTROYED
FLOOD DAMAGE: SINGLE
FAMILY DWELLING
Examples:
• Without basement:
less than12 inches
on 1st floor.
• With basement: less
than 12 inches.
• No structure damage
AFFECTED
FAMILY DWELLING
Examples:
• Without basement:
1-2 feet of water on
1st floor.
• With basement: 1-8
feet
MINOR
FAMILY DWELLING
Examples:
• Without basement: 2-5
feet of water on 1st floor.
• With basement: over 8
feet
• Collapsed basement
wall(s)
MAJOR
FAMILY DWELLING
Examples:
• Over 5 feet of water
on 1st floor
• Basement full and
over 2 feet of water
on 1st floor.
With basement
DESTROYED
FLOOD DAMAGE: MOBILE HOME
Examples:
• Water standing under or
around mobile home, but not
touching the bottom board.
• Indication of water being
around a mobile home, but
not touching the bottom
board following a flash flood.
AFFECTED
Examples:
• Utilities flooded
• Piers/foundation shifted
• Water touched or
soaked at the bottom
board, but did not enter
the primary living area.
MINOR
Examples:
• Water soaked bottom
board and the primary
living area.
• Piers/foundation washed
out or away.
MAJOR
Examples:
• Washed off piers/foundation
• Frame bent or twisted.
• Mobile home has turned
over on its side/top.
• 4 feet + water above floor
level.
DESTROYED
What is it MACs Do
• Before Activation
• After Activation
• As Part of a Windshield Survey
“Windshield Survey”
• Where appropriate, windshield surveys are
used to expedite and verify the extent and
impact of damage immediately following
or during a disaster and collect damage
information to determine disaster.
Do’s
• Go outside your home or office and note
what is happened. Then Report it to County.
• Wait for ACTIVATION by your City or County
before you Start any further Damage
Assessment. Must be under Activation.
• If you are the first up on the net – Become
Net Control and take down information to be
reported to County
• Report to your City local conditions when
called .
Do’s
• Conduct visual inspection
• Look for waterline or debris lines to
determine depth of water verify damages
• Focus on degrees of damages and
habitability. Do not become preoccupied with
property value
• Be sensitive when discussing damages with
property owner
• Only report disaster-related damages.
Do’s
• Look for the perimeter of the damager area,
not the interior
• We survey as many streets as possible
noting which one have any damage not
detailed addresses
• Optimum grid layout
• NOTE: We observe, we do not FIX
• Focus on your own safety first
• Net Control will do a Health & Welfare Check
every 15 minutes to make sure you are Okay!
Don'ts
• Do not go into building
• Do not drive past downed power lines
• Do not drive in deep (1’ or more) or
moving water
• Give Aid – Only Report ISSUES to higher
Authority and move on with your
assessment
• The State DOT and Federal or State agencies
with responsibility for highways under their
jurisdiction will have advance information on
the initial damage and road closures.
• As part of the more general disaster
assessment, Federal Highway Administration
(FHWA) field engineers will be assigned to
verify extent and severity of damage to
highways and bridges.
• A Rapid Assessment Survey, also known as a
“Windshield Survey” is a hash mark tally of
impacted residential and business structures.
• Once the number of homes impacted in each
of the previously mentioned damage
categories is known, this information will
determine the deployment of a Disaster
Assessment team to gather detailed
information about the structures and residents
impacted.
• The first assessment conducted should
focus on the people's needs..
• The primary focus is on the number of
structures that sustained damage. The
Teams evaluated extent of damage
earmarks a structure in one of following
levels of damage: Destroyed, Major,
Minor, Affected but Habitable, and
Inaccessible.
• The magnitude of a disaster (without necessarily
delivering exact figures)
• The impact of a disaster on society
• People’s capacity to cope
• The most urgent relief needs and potential
methods for delivery
• Priorities for action
• The utilization of resources for immediate
response
• The need for detailed assessment of specific
geographical areas or substantive sectors
• The level of continuing or emerging threats
The characteristics of a team are:
• Common interest
• Clear allocation of responsibilities among team
members
• Complementary of tasks
• Shared commitment
• Inputs of all members are important to fulfill the
task
Team members should be equipped with:
• Pen or pencils
• Official report forms
• A board or a file to write on
• Protection of papers from water and dirt
• Blank paper
• Maps of the area
• Food and water for the team
• Fuel supplies
• GPS
• Spare clothes and first aid supplies for longer missions
Let’s Do a
Windshield
Survey

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Damage

determine how the data is obtained

identify the required forms and the

 document hazard mitigation needs

 Developing rapid assessment plans and

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