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07 HDLC

HDLC is a data link protocol that specifies station types, link configurations, and transfer modes. It uses a single frame format with flag fields for synchronization, an address field, and control, information, and frame check sequence fields. HDLC provides synchronous transmission of frames and uses bit stuffing to avoid confusion with flag sequences. It establishes links using initialization, allows for data transfer with flow and error control, and disconnects links when requested.

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71 views12 pages

07 HDLC

HDLC is a data link protocol that specifies station types, link configurations, and transfer modes. It uses a single frame format with flag fields for synchronization, an address field, and control, information, and frame check sequence fields. HDLC provides synchronous transmission of frames and uses bit stuffing to avoid confusion with flag sequences. It establishes links using initialization, allows for data transfer with flow and error control, and disconnects links when requested.

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adeel
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© © All Rights Reserved
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High Level Data Link Control

(HDLC)
 specified as ISO 33009, ISO 4335
 station types:
 Primary - controls operation of link –frames
inserted by primary are called commands.
 Secondary - under control of primary station
(frames inserted by secondary - responses)
 Combined - issues commands and responses
 link configurations
 Unbalanced - 1 primary, 1 or more secondary
 Balanced - 2 combined stations
HDLC Transfer Modes
 Normal Response Mode (NRM)
 unbalanced config, primary initiates transfer
 used on multi-drop lines, e.g., master and slave
 Asynchronous Balanced Mode (ABM)
 balanced config, either station initiates transmission,
widely used
 Asynchronous Response Mode (ARM)
 unbalanced config, secondary may initiate transmit
without permission from primary, rarely used – master
and slave
HDLC Frame Structure
 synchronous transmission of frames
 single frame format used
Flag Fields and Bit Stuffing
 delimit frame at both ends with 01111110 seq
 receiver hunts for flag sequence to synchronize
 bit stuffing used to avoid confusion with data
containing flag seq 01111110
 0 inserted after every sequence of five 1s
 if receiver detects five 1s it checks next bit
 if next bit is 0, it is deleted (was stuffed bit)
 if next bit is 1 and seventh bit is 0, accept as flag
 if sixth and seventh bits 1, sender is indicating abort
Address Field
 identifies secondary station that sent or will
receive frame
 usually 8 bits long
 may be extended to multiples of 7 bits
 LSB indicates if is the last octet
 all ones address 11111111 is broadcast
Control Field
 different for different frame type
 Information - data transmitted to user (next layer up)
• Flow and error control piggybacked on information frames
 Supervisory - ARQ when piggyback not used
 Unnumbered - supplementary link control
 first 1-2 bits of control field identify frame type
Control Field
 use of Poll/Final bit depends on context
 in command frame if P bit is set to 1  solicit
(poll) response from peer
 in response frame if F bit set to 1  indicates
response to soliciting command
 seq number usually 3 bits
 can extend to 8 bits as shown below
Information & FCS Fields
 Information Field
 in information and some unnumbered frames
 must contain integral number of octets
 variable length
 Frame Check Sequence Field (FCS)
 used for error detection
 either 16 bit CRC or 32 bit CRC
HDLC Operation
 consistsof exchange of I, S and U frames
 have three phases
 initialization
• by either side, set mode & seq
 data transfer
• with flow and error control
• using both I & S-frames (RR, RNR, REJ, SREJ)
 disconnect
• when requested or fault noted
HDLC Operation Example
HDLC Operation Example
Summary
 introduced need for data link protocols
 flow control
 error control
 HDLC

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