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Lecture 1 - Data - Communication - and Networking - Overview

The document provides an overview of data communication and networking concepts including: 1) It describes the components of a data communications system and provides an analogy to the postal service. 2) It explains network addressing concepts such as logical IP addresses, physical MAC addresses, and port addressing to identify application processes. 3) It illustrates the layers of data encapsulation from the application layer to the physical layer and what actually travels across the network at the physical layer. 4) It provides examples of switching operation in a local area network and routing operation between networks.

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gaz
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28 views

Lecture 1 - Data - Communication - and Networking - Overview

The document provides an overview of data communication and networking concepts including: 1) It describes the components of a data communications system and provides an analogy to the postal service. 2) It explains network addressing concepts such as logical IP addresses, physical MAC addresses, and port addressing to identify application processes. 3) It illustrates the layers of data encapsulation from the application layer to the physical layer and what actually travels across the network at the physical layer. 4) It provides examples of switching operation in a local area network and routing operation between networks.

Uploaded by

gaz
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
Available Formats
Download as PPTX, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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Data Communication and Networking

Overview
Data communications system components
Analogous Application: Postal Service
Basic Routing in Data Communication
Network Addressing
Logical Address/IP Address: Physical Address/MAC Address: Local Address
Global Address

Port Addressing: Identifying the Application Process


Data Encapsulation HTTP req
Application Layer (Data)

Transport Layer (Segment) TCP Header TCP data

Port numbers, Seq. numbers,


Network Layer (Packet)
IP Header IP Data Area
IP addresses
Data Link Layer (Frame)
Frame Header Frame Data Area
MAC addresses

Frame Header IP Header TCP Header TCP data

Physical Layer (Bits)What actually travels across the network?


1100010101110000100001111001010001110000101101100111110001010
What actually travels across the network?

MAC IP addresses TCP ports


addresses
Seq

Frame Header IP Header TCP Header TCP data

HTTP GET
request
Switching Operation in a Local Area Network

• Fred sends a frame with destination address


0200.2222.2222 (Barney’s MAC address).
• The switch compares the destination MAC address
(0200.2222.2222) to the MAC address table, matching the
bold table entry. That matched table entry tells the switch to
forward the frame out port F0/2, and only port F0/2
Routing Operation in a Wide Area Network
HTTP
Application Application
Application Application
layer layer

HTTP
port 2341 Routing Table ACK 80
TCP
Transport TCP
Transport
TCP Seg
TCP Seg
TCP Seg
Internet
IP IP packet Internet IP packet Internet
IP
IP packet IP packet
Frame
Network Network Network
Datalink
Datalink Frame Access
MAC LayerAccess Frame Access
Layer
Frame
address

User’s PC Router Web server


Questions?

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