Current transformer

1. Objective.

2.Equipment Name Plate Details.

3.Mechanical Check and Visual Inspection.
4.Insulation Resistance Test.
5.Polarity Test.
6.Wainding Resistance Test.
7.Ratio Test.
 Objective
• To confirm the physical condition and electrical
characteristics of current transformer installed in the
installation. Ensure the CT is connected to system
properly in all respect (primary and secondary).
Equipment Name Plate Details
 Mechanical Check and Visual Inspection
• Verify nameplate ratings are in accordance with the approved drawings and
specifications.
• Inspect for physical damage/ defects and mechanical condition.
• Verify correct connection of transformers with system requirements.
• Verify that adequate clearances exist between primary and secondary circuit
wiring.
• Verify tightness of accessible bolted electrical connections by calibrated torque-
wrench method.
• Verify that all required grounding and shorting connection provided.
• Verify all shorting blocks are in correct position, either grounding or open as
required.
• Verify single point grounding of eachcore done properly. Grounding point shall be
nearer to the CT location. However grounding shall be at relay point in case of
several CT secondaries connected together like differential protection
 Insulation Resistance Test.
• Purpose:
• Insulation resistance test is conducted on HV electrical machine to determine service condition of the
insulation. This test is conducted especially to determine the dry ness and clean ness of the equipment
• procedure:
• Primary to secondary plus ground (covered during switchgear test).
• Secondary to primary plus ground.
• Secondary core to core.
• Test voltage limits mentioned in table below. The ambient temperature shall be noted down during test.
• Result:(33KV system voltage)
Reference Applied volts R-Ph Y-Ph B-Ph
Primary (Earth + Secs) 5KV 29.39GΩ 26.48GΩ 24.03GΩ
Primary to Secondary -1 5KV 26.94GΩ 24.09GΩ 22.48Ω
Primary to Secondary -2 5KV 20.38GΩ 19.39GΩ 20.42GΩ
Secondary 1 – Earth 500V >1GΩ >1GΩ >1GΩ
Secondary 2 – Earth 500V >1GΩ >1GΩ >1GΩ
Secondary 1- Secondary 2 500V >1GΩ >1GΩ >1GΩ
 Polarity Test
• Purpose:
• Polarity test is to confirm the polarity marking on the CT primary and secondary and verify it is matching with
drawing. More ever it is giving an idea, how to connect the secondaries to make the protection (like directional,
differential) and metering function properly.
• Procedure:
• Disconnect all power prior to testing and connect the analog voltmeter to the secondary terminal of the CT to
be tested. The positive terminal of the meter is connected to terminal S1 of the CT while the negative
terminal is connected to S2.
• Run a piece of wire through the high side of the CT window and shortly make contact with the positive end of
the 9-volt battery to the P1 side (sometimes marked with a dot) and the negative end to the P2 side.
• If polarity is correct, the momentary contact causes a small deflection in the analog meter in the positive
direction. If the deflection is negative, the polarity of the current transformer is reversed. The
terminals S1 and S2 need to be reversed and the test can be carried out.
 Winding Resistance Test
• Purpose:
• Secondary resistance test is to verify the CT secondary winding resistance with specified one and no discontinuity in the
winding. This value can be used in other calculations.
• The value must be with in specified on nameplate after the effect of temperature taken in to account. If not factory test
results shall be taken as reference.
• Procedure:
• The winding resistance of a current transformer is found by dividing the voltage drop across the winding (measured
from dc milli voltmeter) with the applied dc current through the winding. The CT should be demagnetized after the
completion of winding resistance test.

• Result:(33KV system voltage ct 100/1A)

Measured Values in Ohms
Reference R-Ph Y-Ph B-Ph
Core-1 1.8 Ω 1.9 Ω 1.9 Ω
Core-2 3.3 Ω 3.3 Ω 3.3 Ω
 RatioTest
• Purpose:

• This test is to ensure the CT circuits are properly connected with respected cores and there is no mix up in the circuit.
• ingle point grounding shall be verified for CT circuits, before starting this test. Inject 25% of rated primary current between
one phase and earth with all connected burden. Measure secondary current at all points of CT circuits. It shall be done for
other phases.
• Procedure:
• CT ratio is described as the ratio of primary current input to secondary current output at full load. For example, a CT with
a ratio of 100:1 will produce 1 amps of secondary current when 100 amps flow through the primary.
• If the primary current changes, the secondary current output will change accordingly. For example, if 150 amps flow
through a 50 amp rated primary the secondary current output will be 0.5 amps.
Result:(33KV system voltage ct 100/1A)

Injected Measured values in Amps

CT Ratio Primary R Y B

Current (A) 1S1 – 1S2 2S1-2S2 1S1 – 1S2 2S1-2S2 1S1 – 1S2 2S1-2S2

25 0.249 0.248 0.250 0.249 0.250 0.249

50 0.498 0.500 0.499 0.499 0.500 0.498

100/1A
75 0.750 0.748 0.749 0.750 0.749 0.750

100 0.998 0.999 1.001 1.000 0.998 1.000