CHRISTOLOGY AND

DISCIPLESHIP
(RELED 12)

The study of Christ and his

teachings
 COURSE OBJECTIVES
1. Know Jesus and His teachings ( mind)
(Lectures, Recitation, Film viewing)
2. Appreciate Jesus and His Teachings
(heart)
(Bibliarasal- Gamitin ang Bibliya para
magdasal at baguhin ang masamang asal)
3. Be like Jesus (hands/feet – actions)
 Course Contents
I Gospels
II. Political, Social, and Religious Situation in
Palestine during Jesus ‘Time
III. Infancy Narratives
IV. Ministry of Jesus
a. Jesus the Teacher
b. Jesus the Miracle worker
V. Paschal Mystery
Supplementary Lesson: Filipino Religiosity
 Course References
1. Bible
2. Kaloob
3. Jesus of Nazareth
4. The Jesus CEO
5. The Amazing Story of Jesus of Nazareth
 Course Requirements
1. Quizzes
2. Graded Recitation
3. Reflection
4. Attendance
5. Project (50% of the class standing)
6. Reporting ( Filipino Religiosity)
7. Major Exams
 GOSPELS

-comes from the word “euangelion” which means

“good news”
Evolution of the word
1. No religious meaning – victory at a battle
2. Religious meaning – presence of the emperor
3. Bible – a message of salvation
Jesus is the message of salvation and the good
news in the Gospel
Ex. The blind see, the poor are given importance,
etc.
Stages of the Gospel Tradition
1. Jesus’ Event – the time when Jesus
proclaimed the kingdom of God by means of
his words and works
2. Apostolic Preaching- the time when the
Apostles kept the words of Jesus alive by
word of mouth. They started spreading his
word after the Holy Spirit descended upon
them as tongues of fire. (Pentecost-Birth of
the Church)
Several Reasons why the Apostles did not write at
once the gospels
1. They are illiterate
2. The eyewitnesses are still alive
3. They believe that the world will end soon
4. They believe that Jesus will return soon
(Parousia)
5. They believe that they are more effective in
preaching than writing
6. They find no time to write due to persecution
3. Written Tradition – the time when the
apostles recorded the sayings of
Jesus
Several Reasons:
1. To teach young converts who are
increasing in number
2. The eyewitness are beginning to die
3. Some people wished to change the
gospels
4. Delay of the Parousia
5. The world has not yet ended
4 Written Gospels –Matthew, Mark,
Luke, and John
Evangelists – the term for the writers
of the Gospels
Main Purpose of the Gospels
1. to awaken our faith in Jesus
2. to answer misconceptions about him.
 Synoptic Gospels
(Matthew, Mark, and Luke)
1. They narrated similar accounts of Jesus’
life though with minor differences
2. They have a common sequence of
events
3. Their relationship can be seen in a
glance if you arrange them side by side
• Synoptic Problem
Why do they have similarities and minor
differences?
2 Source Hypothesis
Mark Quelle
 Final Term

Jesus’ Event Rosary Liturgical

1. Infancy Narratives Calendar
2. Public Ministry of Joyful Advent-
Jesus Christmas
3. Paschal Mystery Luminous Ordinary
Time
Sorrowful Lent
Glorious Easter
 I. Infancy Narratives
A. GENEALOGY OF JESUS
-origin of Jesus
-found in Matthew and Luke
1. Matthew traced the origin of Jesus until
Abraham to prove that Jesus is a Jew. He also
traced the origin of Jesus from King David to
prove that Jesus is the expected Messiah.
(The OT says that the Messiah will come from
the lineage of David.
2. Luke traced the origin of Jesus until
Adam to prove that Jesus is also a member of
the human family and the Saviour not only of
the Jews but all men.
B. Jesus’ Name
1. Jesus – “Yeshua” which means God
Saves or
Saviour.
2. Christ – not a surname but a title.
-comes from the Greek word
“Kristos”
and Hebrew word “Messiah”
which
means the “anointed one”.
3. Yeshua bar Yoseph – full name of Jesus
-Jesus son of Joseph
C. Common Elements in Both Infancy
Narratives:
Main characters: Mary, Joseph, Jesus
Supporting characters: Angels, Holy Spirit
Titles attributed to Jesus: Christ, son of
David
Heritage: children of Abraham/Israel, house
of David
Place names: Nazareth in Galilee,
Bethlehem in Judea
Historical period: during the reign of King
D. JOYFUL MYSTERIES
1. Annunciation
-time when Angel Gabriel announced to Mary that
she will be the Mother of God.
“Hail Mary, full of Grace, the Lord is with you”
(Angel Gabriel)
-time when Mary accepted God’s invitation to be the
Mother of Jesus
“Behold the handmaid of the Lord. Be it done to me
according to your word.” (Luke 1: 28)
2. Visitation
-time when Mary visited Elizabeth who will also
give birth to a Son.
- time when the baby in the womb of Elizabeth
leapt up with joy. Hence, Elizabeth said to Mary.
“Blessed are you among women and blessed is the
fruit of your womb.”
 3. Nativity
-the time when Mary gave birth to our Lord Jesus Christ
-the time when God became man. (Incarnation) It is
impossible for a man to become a God. But it is impossible
for God to become a man.
4.Presentation of Jesus in the Temple
- the time when Joseph and Mary presented the eight day
old Jesus in the Temple.
- the time when Simeon and Anna the prophetess finally
saw Jesus.
5. Lost and Finding of Jesus in the Temple
- the time when the 12 year old Jesus was seen by Joseph
and Mary talking to the teachers of the law who were amazed
by His words.
- the time when Jesus’ family went to Jerusalem to
celebrate the Passover.
 II. Public Ministry of Jesus
1. Baptism of Jesus
2. Temptations of Jesus in the Desert
3. Jesus The Teacher of Transformative Wisdom
a. Jesus The Parabler
b. Sermon on the Mount
b. Jesus’ Interpretation of the Law
4. Jesus The Miracle Worker
5. Jesus and The Kingdom of God
6. Transfiguration
 Baptism of Jesus (Matthew 3)
-marks the beginning of the Public Ministry of Jesus and
the beginning of the decline of Ministry of John.
1. John the Baptist
-the forerunner of Jesus. He prepared for the coming of
the Lord by baptizing people in the Jordan River and
asking them to repent =return to God.
-a humble person. Although he is already famous, He
accepts the reality that He is not the Messiah.
“Someone is coming who is more powerful than me. I
am not even worthy to carry his sandals.:
-calls the malicious people as snakes or brood of
vipers.
-challenges everyone to be like trees that produce good
fruits=good actions if they are truly sorry for their sins
B. Baptism of Jesus
-the presence of the Holy Trinity
“When Jesus came out of the water,
the heavens were opened. Then the
Holy Spirit descended upon in a form a
dove. Then there was a voice saying,
“This is my beloved Son with whom I
am well pleased.”
-allows himself to be baptized not
because he also has sins but because
he wants to set an example and to
follow what the law requires
Temptations of Jesus in the desert
(Matthew 4)
a. Fasting – eating the food available in the
desert
b. 40 days – considerable length of time
with God
c. 3 Temptations of Jesus
1. Turning the Stones into bread-
Satisfaction of one’s needs/ Pleasure
2. Throwing oneself from the Pinnacle of
the Temple- Popularity
3. Kingdoms of the World- power and
How to Fight Temptations
1. Prayers
St. Ignatius of Loyola, the founder of the Jesuits had
suggested a good tool to fight temptations. If you are
tempted once, you go against it twice. When you are
praying the rosary and your mind is disturbed by the
devil, tell yourself to pray rosary twice. If he does not
stop then pray another one. When the devil realize that
the more he tempts you the more you will pray then he
will stop. Obviously he doesn’t want you to pray more
and become holier than before.
2. Keep yourself busy.
“An Idle Mind is the Devil’s workshop.”

Positive Effect of Resisting Temptations- It can strengthen

your heart and mind for the greater battle that still awaits
us.
Jesus a Teacher of Transformative
Wisdom
a. Jesus the Parabler
He spoke in Parables
"I will open my mouth in parables, I will utter what
has been hidden since the foundation of the
world." (Matt. 13:35)
Parables
-an imaginative story which is designed
a. to communicate a spiritual truth
b. according to the culture of the people and
therefore familiar to one’s listeners
Parables about the Kingdom of Heaven
1. The Sower (Matthew 13:3-9)
2. Hidden Treasure (Matthew 13:52)
3. Pearl (Matthew 13: 44-46)
4. Growing seed (Mark 4:26-29)
5. Mustard Seed (Matthew 13: 31-32)
6. Leaven (Matthew 13:33)
Parables about Loss and Redemption
1. Lost Sheep (Luke 15:4-6)
2. Lost Coin (Luke 15:8-9)
3. Prodigal Son (Luke 15:11-32)
Parables about Love and Forgiveness
1. The Good Samaritan (Luke 10:30-37)
2. The Unforgiving Servant (Matthew 18:23-
35)
3. The 2 Debtors (Luke 7: 41-43)
Parables about Prayer
1. Friend at Night (Luke 11:5-8)
2. The Pharisee and the Publican (Luke
18:10-14)
3. The Unjust Judge (Luke 18:1-9)
Eschatological Parables
1. 10 Virgins (Mathew 25:1-13)
2. Rich Fool (Luke 12:16-21)
3. Wicked Husbandmen (Luke 20:9-16)
4. Tares (Matthew 13:24-30)
5. The Banquet (Matthew 22:1-14)
6. Faithful Servant (Matthew 24: 42-51)
7. The Net (Matthew 13: 47-50)
8. The Barren Fig Tree (Luke 13:6-9)
9. The Budding Fig Tree (Matthew 24:32-
35)
Other Parables
1. The Rich Man and Lazarus (Luke 16:19-
31)
2. The Talents (Matthew 25:14-30)
3. Lamp Under the Bushel (Matthew 5:14-
15)
4.Wise and Foolish Builders (Matthew 7:24-
27)
5. Unjust Steward (Luke 16:1-13)
6. Workers in the Vineyard (Matthew 20:1-
 Jesus The Miracle Worker
-visible events which go beyond the powers of
nature and therefore only God can perform it,
and conveys a Divine message
-manifestation of God’s power and love. They are
meant to make men recognize God’s love and
power; they are invitations to conversion and
thanksgiving.
What can heal a person? Faith. But It must be put
into actions. “Faith without actions is useless”
Why should we not be afraid of our problems? Our
God is all powerful. He is more powerful than
nature, evil, sickness, and Death
 Miracles of Jesus
1 Marriage at Cana (John 2:1-11)
2 Exorcism at the Synagogue in Capernaum (Mark
1:21-28)
3 Miraculous draught of fishes (Luke 5:1-11)
4 Young Man from Nain (Luke 7:11-17)
5. Cleansing a leper (Matthew 8:1-4)
6 The Centurion's Servant (Matthew 8:5-13)
7 Healing the mother of Peter's wife (Matthew
8:14-17)
8 Exorcising at sunset (Matthew 8:16-17)
9 Calming the storm (Matthew 8:23-27)
10 Gerasenes demonic (Matthew 8:28-34)
11 Paralytic at Capernaum (Matthew 9:1-8)
12 Daughter of Jairus (Matthew 9:18-26)
13 The Bleeding Woman (Matthew 9:20-22)
14 Two Blind Men at Galilee (Matthew 9:27-31)
15 Exorcising a mute (Matthew 9:32-34)
16 Paralytic at Bethesda (John 5:1-18)
17 Man with withered Hand (Matthew 12:9-13)
18 Exorcising the blind and mute man (Matthew
12:22-28)
19 An Infirm Woman (Luke 13:10-17)
20 Feeding the 5000 (Matthew 14:13-21)
21 Walking on water (Matthew 14:22-33)
22 Healing in Gennesaret (Matthew 14:34-36)
23 Canaanite woman's daughter (Matthew
15:21-28)
24 Deaf mute of Decapolis (Mark 7:31-37)
25 Blind Man of Bethsaida (Mark 8:22-26)
26 Transfiguration of Jesus (Matthew 17:1-
13)
27 Boy possessed by a demon (Matthew
17:14-21)
28 Coin in the fish's mouth (Matthew 17:24-
29 Man with dropsy (Luke 14:1-6)
30 Cleansing ten lepers (Luke
17:11-19)
31 Cleansing ten lepers (Luke 17:11-19)
32 The Blind at Birth (John 9:1-12)
33 Blind near Jericho (Matthew 20:29-34)
34 Raising of Lazarus (John 11:1-44)
35 Cursing the fig tree (Matthew 21:18-
22)
36 Healing the ear of a servant (Luke
22:49-51)
 Sermon on the Mount


- a collection of sayings and teachings of Jesus, which

emphasizes his moral teaching.
 - found in the 5th, 6th, and 7th chapters of Matthew.
 - divided into 5 sections.

1. Beatitudes - Teachings that begin with "blessed."
These were meant to comfort suffering believers.
2. New laws - Contrasts the old law of Moses with the
new law of Christ. A brief summary of Christian doctrine.
3. Lord's prayer - Instructions on prayer. Jesus also
teaches the proper motives for fasting and offering gifts.
4. Money - Christian attitudes concerning the use of
money. Reasons to avoid worry.
5. Warnings - Dangers of false teachers and hypocrisy.
Jesus also presents the parable of the wise and foolish
builders.
1. Blessed are those who hunger and thirst for righteousness,
for they shall be filled. (Mt 5:6)
2. Blessed are the peacemakers, for they shall be called sons
and daughters of God. (Mt 5:9)
3. He who looks lustfully at a woman already commits adultery
(Mt 5:28)
4. Do not take revenge on someone who wrongs you. If
anyone slaps you on the right cheek, let him slap your left
cheek too. (Mt 5:38-39)
5. When you pray, do not use meaningless words, as the
pagans do, who think that their gods will hear them because
their prayers are long. (Mt 6:7)
6. Ask, and you will receive, seek and you find; knock and the
door will be opened to you. For everyone who asks will
receive, and anyone who seeks will find, and the door will
be opened to those who knock. Would any of you who are
fathers give your son a stone when asks for a bread? Or
would you give him a snake when he asks for a fish? How
much more then, will your Father in heaven give good
things to those who ask him. (Mt 7: 7-11)
7. You cannot be a slave of 2 masters. You will hate one
and love the other. You will be loyal to one and despise
the other. You cannot serve both God and money. ( Mt
6:24)
8. Do not be worried about the food and drink you need in
order to stay alive, or about the clothes for your body.
Look at the birds ; they do not plant seeds, gather a
harvest and put it in barns; yet your Father in heaven
takes care of them. Aren’t you worth much more than
birds? (Mt 6: 25-27)
9. Do not judge others, so that God will not judge you. Why
then, do you look at the speck in your brother’s eye and
pay no attention to the log in your own eye? How dare
you say to your brother, “Please let me take that speck
out of your eye? You Hypocrites! First, take the log out of
your own eye, then you will be able to see clearly to take
the speck out of your brother’s eye.(Mt 7:1-5)
10. Not everyone who calls “Lord, Lord” will enter the
kingdom of heaven but only those who do what my
Father in heaven wants them to do. (Mt 7:21)
 Jesus’ Interpretation of the Law
Laws are important, not in themselves, however, but
because they have been intended for man. Hence, man
is more important than the law. Laws must serve man.
They must not be a burden to man. Likewise, they must
be means in order to help man do good. When they
become hindrance or obstruction to man, they must give
way. This was Jesus’ conviction. Man cannot and may
not be a slave to laws.
-Jesus wants us not to interpret the law according to its
letter but its spirit. Letter of the law means” I will follow
the law literally. Spirit of the law means “I will follow the
law not because it is a law but because it will help me to
be a better person and to love God and my neighbor.”
Laws ,therefore, must have exemptions.
Ex. Matthew 12: 9-13, Mk 2:23-27
Transfiguration of Jesus (Mk 9:2-8)
“Jesus took Peter, James, and John to a high mountain.
There they had a vision of the glorified Christ in the
company of Elijah and Moses. A voice from heaven
was heard to say: This is my son, my beloved. Listen
to him. It filled the apostles with joy that they wanted it
to last. Let us erect three booths on this site.”
Meaning: They had a glimpse of the true person of
Jesus. Jesus was manifested as the fulfillment of the
prophets and law. Elijah represented the prophets.
Moses represented the law. The voice from heaven
confirmed the mission of Jesus as the Messiah sent by
God.
The Transfiguration prefigured or showed in
advance the resurrection of Jesus
 Jesus and the Kingdom of God
Kingdom of God
-main theme of Jesus’ Ministry
- synonymous to salvation
-a place where everyone is living a beautiful and
meaningful life
- a place where God loves the poor and the outcast,
their sins are forgiven, their diseases are cured, and their
dignity are restored.
- a place where everyone is accepted as persons.
- is already here but not yet. It is a present and future
reality. It is already a present reality because there are
already people who experience love and peace. It is a
future reality because its completion was still to come
later.
-”metanoia” or conversion is needed to be part of the
kingdom.
 PASCHAL MYSTERY
-The Passion, Death, and Resurrection of Jesus
Reflection on the Passion, Death, and
Resurrection
Did Jesus want to suffer and die?
Jesus did not want to suffer and die. But if this will
be his ultimate contribution in the task of helping
others live better lives, so be it. If this will be the
ultimate solution so that others will realize that
they should respect everyone as persons, so be
it.
“A life offered for others leads to life”
Challenge: Are we also ready to offer or sacrifice
our life for others that they will live?
Resurrection
-the most important event in the life of Jesus. It is
celebrated during Easter which is the most important feast
of Catholics
- Mary Magdalene was the first person who saw the
Risen Christ . But she did not recognize him at once
because he has already a glorified body
Glorified Body – can disguise and pass through any door
Proofs of Christ’ Resurrection
1. Empty Tomb
2. Appearances of Jesus
3. The complete change of the apostles from a state of
being afraid to a state of being courageous.
Importance: 1. There can be no church if Jesus did not rise
from the dead
2. The Resurrection proves that Jesus is the
real God.
 Filipino Religious Practices
1. Sto Nino –the holy child Jesus
2. Cristo Rey –Christ the King
3. Pasyon- a narration of the life and death of Jesus
a. Pabasa – pasyon when chanted
b. Sinakulo –pasyon when dramatized
4. Flagellation – walking barefoot along the streets while
constantly beating their already bloodied backs with
whips
5. Salubong – a practice where at daw of Easter Sunday,
people carry in procession the statues of the
sorrowful mother and the risen Christ from 2 different
directions. The statues meet at the entrance of the
Church where little girls “suspended in mid
air(symbolizing angels) remove the veil of Mary and
shower the devotees with flowers or confetti.
6. Linggo ng Palaspas (Palm Sunday) –
commemorates Jesus triumphant entry to
Jerusalem
7. Siete Palabras – 7 last words of Jesus which is
commemorated on Good Friday
8. Paghuhugas ng Paa (Washing of the Feet) –
commemorated on Maundy Thursday
9. Jesus Nazareno
10. Pagpapako sa Krus –Re-enactment of the
Crucifixion – sign of gratitude, to obtain
blessings, and remission of sins