KKK

Kataas-taasang, Kagalang-galangang,
Katipunan ng mga anak ng Bayan (K.K.K)
Katipunan - Secret
philippine revolutionary
society against
Spaniards(1892).
Katipuneros - members of
Katipunan
FOUNDERS OF KATIPUNAN
• Deodato Arellano - First president of

katipunan
• Roman Basa - Second President
• Andres Bonifacio - Third President
(Supremo)
• Had about 30,000 members by the

time it was found out
• Initiated by Filipino patriots Andres
Bonifacio, Teodoro Plata, Ladislao
Diwa, and others, when Filipino writer
Jose Rizal was sentenced to banished
to Dapitan.
• Founded along Azcarrage St. (Claro M.
Recto Ave.)
FAMOUS KATIPUNERAS
• Gregoria de Jesus
(Lakambini of Katipunan)
• Marina Dizon
• Benita Rodriguez
FAMOUS KATIPUNERAS
• Melchora Aquino “Tandang Sora”
-Mother of Katipunan/Mother of Balintawak

3 aims of Katipunan
• To unite Filipinos into one solid nation
• To win Philippine independence by means

of an armed conflict
• To establish communist republic after

independence
"Ang Kalayaan" (The Liberty) - KKK's own
publication/news paper
Kartilya ng katipunan - served as the

guidebook for new members made by Andres
Bonifacio and Emilio Jacinto
• Emilio Jacinto – studied

law at UST
- Brains of the Katipunan
SUPREME COUNCIL
Kataas-taasang Sanggunian/Sanggunian
• Pangulo - Elected President
• Secretary - Kalihim
• Treasurer - Tagaingat-yaman
• Fiscal - tagausig
• Kasanguni – councilors
• Comptroller - tagasiyasat
TRIANGLE SYSTEM
System of
recruitment
Rizal’s advice to Katipunan
Bonifacio sent Dr. Pio Valenzuela to Dapitan

to seek Rizal's advice regarding the planned
revolution.
• Timing was not right
• Lack of arms
• Gain support from influencial people
• Recommended Antonio Luna as
commander of armed forces
• August 19, 1896 - Katipunan was
discovered
• August 26, 1896 - Cry of Balintawak

(the start of Philippine Revolution)
• August 29, 1896 - they attacked

Spaniards. they begin at the gate
of Manila and enter in Intramuros.
End of Katipunan
• Katipunan was replaced after Tejeros

Convention
• Emilio Aguinaldo won as the President
• Andres Bonifacio as Secretary of

Interior
FACTS ABOUT KATIPUNAN
 It already had a National Anthem – Julio Nakpil’s “Marangal na

Dalit ng Katagalugan”
Camara Secreta/Camara Negra/Camara Reina – A Secret
Chamber to punish members who betrayed or broke the Laws of
Katipunan.
Real de Kakarong de Sili – First ever Republic organized by the
Katipuneros established in Bulacan. Unfortunately, it lasted for
only a month.
- Spaniards massacred 1,000-3,000 Katipuneros and the most
famous survivor is Gregorio del Pilar.
Kataas-taasang, Kagalang-galangang, Katipunan
ng mga anak ng Bayan (KKK) was formed on the
night of July 7 when Filipino writer Jose Rizal
was to be banished to Dapitan.
Initiated by:
• Andres Bonifacio
• Teodoro Plata
• Ladislao Diwa
• And others
• Teodoro Patiño – confessed Katipunan’s illegal
activities
• Cry of Pugad Lawin (August 23, 1896)

-The Philippine revolution exploded.
-Assembled 30,000 members of Katipunan
-Tore up their cedulas led by the founder, Andres
Bonifacio.
• Revolution spread from Manila to Cavite to Laguna,

Batangas, Bulacan, Pampanga, Tarlac, and Nueva
Ecija.
RIZAL'S EXECUTION
- Rizal was ordered by General Eulogio Despujol that he

would be shipped back to Manila via transport ship
Colon.
- The Colon reached Manila on November 03, 1896 and

Rizal was quietly transferred to Fort Santiago.
- November 20 - preliminary investigation began with

Colonel Francisco Olive (Judge Advocate)
RIZAL'S EXECUTION
• Rizal was accused of being the

"principal organizer and the living soul
of the Filipino insurrection, the
founder of societies, periodicals and
books dedicated to formenting and
propagating ideas of rebellion”
• December 26, 1896 - the trial of Rizal

commenced at the Cuartel de España
RIZAL'S EXECUTION
• Lt. Enrique de Alcocer - the

prosecuting attorney who urged the
court to give the verdict of death to
Rizal.
• The Military Court - unanimously

voted for the sentence of death.
RIZAL'S EXECUTION
• Governor-General Camilo de
Polavieja -affirmed the decision of
the court martial and ordered Rizal
to be shot at 7:00 in the morning of
Decemver 30, 1896 at Luneta de
Bagumbayan Field.
BONIFACIO EXECUTION
Katipuneros Faction:
•Magdalo Faction- Headed by

Aguinaldo
•Magdiwang Faction- Headed by
Bonifacio
BONIFACIO EXECUTION
• March 22, 1897 - Assembly was held

at Tejeros (a.k.a Tejeros Convention)
to settle the leadership issue and to
elect officers of the revolutionary
government.
• -Aguinaldo won as President

BONIFACIO EXECUTION
• Bonifacio relegated as Interior

Director and it was protested by
Daniel Tirona
• Bonifacio declared the election as

void.
BONIFACIO EXECUTION
• Bonifacio formed a military

agreement; creating a government
contending Aguinaldo’s.
• Bonifacio was sentenced to death by

the war council of Aguinaldo's
government.
BONIFACIO EXECUTION
• May 19, 1987 - General Mariano

Noriel ordered Major Lazaro
Makapagal to execute Bonifacio at
foothills of Mt.Buntis.
THE BIAK-NA-BATO REPUBLIC
Emilio Aguinaldo
established his
headquarters in Biak-na-
Bato, Bulacan
July 1897
Biak-na-Bato Republic demands:
• Expulsion of the friars and return of the friar Lands to

the Filipinos.
• Representation of the Philippines in the Spanish

cortes.
• Freedom of the Press and of the Religion
• Abolition of the government's power to

banish Filipinos.
• Equality for all before the Law

• November 1, 1897 - Aguinaldo was elected as

the President of Biak-na-Bato Republic.
• A charter based in the Cuban Constitution was

also drafted by Felix Ferrer and Isabel Artacho. It
was signed on November 1, 1897.
• Biak-na-Bato provided for the establishment of a

supreme council that would served as the highest
governing body of the republic.
• -Emilio Aguinaldo and Mariano Trias were elected

Supreme Council President and Vice President
respectively.
"Propaganda"
- is a form of communication to
distribute information. It is always
biased. The information is designed to
make people feel a certain way or to
believe a certain thing. The information
is often political.
"Propaganda Movement"
• Peaceful crusade or campaign for

reforms
• It was organized and participated by

the illustrados
• 1872 (GOMBURZA)
• led by Dr. Jose Rizal,

Marcel H. del Pilar and
Graciano Lopez Jaena
"Propagandists"
• They were scions of good families,

highly intelligent, educated,
patriotic, and courageous, who
symbolized the flower of filipino
manhood.
• Marcelo H. Del Pilar > A lawyer and

a journalist.
"Propagandists"
• Jose Rizal > Physician- novelist and a

many splendored genius.
• Graciano Lopez Jaena > The greatest

orator of the Propaganda Movement.
• Mariano Ponce > A medical student

and a biographical writer.
"The Anti-Friar Manifesto of 1888"
• March 1, 1888
• led by Doroteo Cortes, Manila patriotic
lawyer
• assisted by Marcelo H. del Pilar and Jose A.
Ramos
• it requested the expulsion of the friars
from the Philippines
"La Solidaridad"
• A newspaper founded by Graciano

Lopez Jaena in Barcelona on
February 15, 1889.
• La Solidaridad was created due to

the reality that mass media is
important in propagating the
Propaganda objectives.
-Aims of La Solidaridad-
To portray vividly the deplorable condition of

the Philippines,
> To worlk peacefully for the Political and social

reforms,
To combat the evil forces of medievalism and

reactions,
-Aims of La Solidaridad-
To advocate libreal ideas and progress
> To champion the legitimate aspirations

of the filipino people for democracy and
happiness.
"End of Propaganda Movement”
• Rizal’s arrest to Dapitan marks the end of

the Propaganda Movement
• Los Compromisarios - a group organized in

purpose of prolonging the movement

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Kataas-taasang, Kagalang-galangang,

Katipunan ng mga anak ng Bayan (K.K.K)

• Deodato Arellano - First president of

• Had about 30,000 members by the

• Melchora Aquino “Tandang Sora”

-Mother of Katipunan/Mother of Balintawak

• To unite Filipinos into one solid nation

• To win Philippine independence by means

• To establish communist republic after

Kartilya ng katipunan - served as the

• Emilio Jacinto – studied

Bonifacio sent Dr. Pio Valenzuela to Dapitan

• August 26, 1896 - Cry of Balintawak

• August 29, 1896 - they attacked

• Katipunan was replaced after Tejeros

• Emilio Aguinaldo won as the President

• Andres Bonifacio as Secretary of

 It already had a National Anthem – Julio Nakpil’s “Marangal na

• Cry of Pugad Lawin (August 23, 1896)

• Revolution spread from Manila to Cavite to Laguna,

- Rizal was ordered by General Eulogio Despujol that he

- The Colon reached Manila on November 03, 1896 and

- November 20 - preliminary investigation began with

• Rizal was accused of being the

• December 26, 1896 - the trial of Rizal

• Lt. Enrique de Alcocer - the

• The Military Court - unanimously

•Magdalo Faction- Headed by

• March 22, 1897 - Assembly was held

• -Aguinaldo won as President

• Bonifacio relegated as Interior

• Bonifacio declared the election as

• Bonifacio formed a military

• Bonifacio was sentenced to death by

• May 19, 1987 - General Mariano

Biak-na-Bato Republic demands:

• Expulsion of the friars and return of the friar Lands to

• Representation of the Philippines in the Spanish

• Freedom of the Press and of the Religion

• Abolition of the government's power to

• Equality for all before the Law

• November 1, 1897 - Aguinaldo was elected as

• A charter based in the Cuban Constitution was

• Biak-na-Bato provided for the establishment of a

• -Emilio Aguinaldo and Mariano Trias were elected

• Peaceful crusade or campaign for

• It was organized and participated by

• led by Dr. Jose Rizal,

• They were scions of good families,

• Marcelo H. Del Pilar > A lawyer and

• Jose Rizal > Physician- novelist and a

• Graciano Lopez Jaena > The greatest

• Mariano Ponce > A medical student

• A newspaper founded by Graciano

• La Solidaridad was created due to

To portray vividly the deplorable condition of

> To worlk peacefully for the Political and social

To combat the evil forces of medievalism and

To advocate libreal ideas and progress