Module 1:

ICT Today
Assignment:
List at least 10 technological advances you think
should be included on a timeline of the most
important technological advances in human
history. Explain your answer through a
presentation. Use google slides/MS Powerpoint.

Deadline: June 28, 2018

 INFORMATION

COMMUNICATIONS

TECHNOLOGY
EVO LUT I
of ICT
4 main periods that divide
the era of ICT
The Premechanical Period

3100 BCE
words, and
pictograms
curved in
rocks

around
3000 BCE around
1 450 CE
 These gave rise to our modern day alphabet.
A Sumerian pictogram dating shows the earliest form of
communication among humans.
The Premechanical Period

3100 BCE This is when

words, and early humans
pictograms realized that
curved in stone tablets
rocks are too heavy.

around
3000 BCE paper around
was 1 450 CE
produced
Paper was produced from papyrus plants,
storing information was revolutionized.

BOOKS LIBRARY

compiled records Area where a great

written on pieces number of books are
of paper and was compiled and stored.
LIBRARIES were
bound together considered the first
data centers in history.
The Premechanical Period

3100 BCE; This is when

words, and early humans
pictograms realized that
curved in stone tablets
rocks are too heavy.

around
3000 BCE paper In the last around
was stages of 1 450 CE
produced this period;
numerical
systems
 The most popular
device created in
premechanical
period is said to
have come from
China – the
ABACUS.

The abacus, considered to be the first counting device, was

introduced in the 2nd century BCE. It is manually operated
device similar to the modern calculator.
The Premechanical Period

3100 BCE; This is when

words, and early humans
pictograms realized that
curved in stone tablets
rocks are too heavy.

around
3000 BCE paper In the last around
was stages of 1 450 CE
produced this period;
numerical
systems
 The Mechanical Period
This period concentrated primarily on the
development of machines that will enhance
calculation speed

Pascaline

around around
1450 1840
Pascaline, the advent of mechanical period, was the highlight
of the period. It was invented by famous mathematician
inventor BLAISE PASCAL, along with WILHELM SCHICKARD.
 The Mechanical Period
This period concentrated primarily on the
development of machines that will enhance
calculation speed

Analytical
Pascaline Engine

around around
1450 1840
The ANALYTICAL ENGINE, first invented by CHARLES BABBAGE in
1873, contained features that became part of the blueprint in
the creation of succeeding computers.

ANALYTICAL
ENGINE is
considered the
first
programmable
mechanical
computer.

The invention of Analytical Engine earned Babbage the title

“Father of the Computers”
 The Mechanical Period
This period concentrated primarily on the
development of machines that will enhance
calculation speed

Analytical
Pascaline Engine

around around
1450 1840
 The Electromechanical Period
In this period, the use of electricity for
information handling and transfer bloomed.

telegraph

around around
1840 1940
TELEGRAPH is considered the first electrical communications
device. First invented in 1837 by WILLIAM COOKE and SIR
CHARLES WHEATSTONE.

The first
working model
used five
magnetic needles
that could be
pointed around
the sets of letters
and numbers by
using electric
current.
 In 1844, an American inventor named SAMUEL MORSE
successfully introduced the first SINGLE-CIRCUIT TELEGRAPH,
which gave rise to the MORSE CODE.
 The Electromechanical Period
In this period, the use of electricity for
information handling and transfer bloomed.

telegraph

around telephone around

1840 1940
 In 1876, ALEXANDER GRAHAM BELL introduced the TELEPHONE.
The telephone converts sounds into electricity and enables
the telephone network to transmit over copper wires.
 The Electromechanical Period
In this period, the use of electricity for
information handling and transfer bloomed.

The
Bombe

telegraph

around telephone around

1840 1940
The BOMBE was invented in 1939 by ALAN TURING and was
improved by GORDON WELCHMAN. This device was used to
decipher codes during World War II.
 The Electromechanical Period
In this period, the use of electricity for
information handling and transfer bloomed.

The
Bombe

telegraph

around telephone around

1840 1940
 The Electronic Period
This period is the last period in ICT history.
The highlight of this period is focused on the advent of solid
state devices or electronic devices

The late The

vacuum integrated
tubes circuits
period period

up to the
present
in the The The
1940s transistors computer
period processors
period
 the late vacuum tubes period

ENIAC
was a big
machine that
occupied an
area of 167
square
meters.

The dawn of the Electronic Numerical Integrator and

Computer (ENIAC), the first electronic and general purpose
computer, marked a revolutionary period in computing.
 The transistors period

In 1947, the TRANSISTOR was invented. It is an electronic

device with properties and functions similar to vacuum
tubes, but it is lightweight and faster.

The transistor may be one-third

of the total size of the vacuum
tube, but it transmits information
more effectively

The TRANSISTOR is the foundation of every electronic device today. In

fact, you can find a transistor for every electronic device.
 the integrated circuits period

Because of this, a
number of smaller
devices intended
for information
processing and
communications
were developed.

In 1958, integrated circuit (IC) was introduced by an American

electrical engineer named JACK KILBY. The IC is a device that is
composed of a group of transistors and circuit elements
compressed in a single package.
 The computer processors peRiod

Originally designed by PIER GIORGIO PEROTTO and his team,

the OLIVETTI PROGRAMMA 101, became the first commercial
personal computer sold in 1965. (left)

IBM 5150 (right), the very unit which had set the standards for several
PC today, was introduced in August 1981 and was developed by the IBM
Entry Systems Division Team led by DON ESTRIDGE.
 The Electronic Period
This period is the last period in ICT history.
The highlight of this period is focused on the advent of solid
state devices or electronic devices

The late The

vacuum integrated
tubes circuits
period period

up to the
present
in the The The
1940s transistors computer
period processors
period

For decades, scientists and engineers developed methods of Internet or

connectivity for sharing processed information stored in World Wide
computers and processing devices. Web (www)
 Through the years,
the World Wide Web
evolved because of
man’s rising needs
and continuous
usage.
 The World Wide Web is an information space
where documents and other web resources are
identified by Uniform Resource Locators (URLs)
Web 1.0 or the read-only Web is called to the documents that are
number with addresses that should be inputted to retrieve the file.
It is where the information or hypertext is accessed by the user.

• Web 1.0 is the first representation of web

•Web 1.0 sites are static

•Web 1.0 sites aren’t interactive
•Web 1.0 applications are proprietary
 Web 2.0
Web 2.0 or the read-and-write Web started with the need to
interact with Web pages. The Web 2.0 enabled users or viewers to
edit the content of the files they were accessing.

• Web 2.0 enables users to contribute, collaborate and edit site content

•Web 2.0 sends the trend toward users connecting

from wherever they may be
•Web 2.0 is the integration of multiple forms of call and multimedia
functions controlled by an individual user for both business and social
purposes
 Web 1.0 Web 2.0 Web 3.0
Read-only Web Read-and-write Web Semantic Executing
Read Read, write, publish Web
Search Personalize - being developed and
is envisioned to be a
Copy and paste Collaborate, network smarter access of
Control Connect hypertext files and a
version that would
Personal website Blogging enable a wider range of
Encarta Online Wikipedia search in a fast manner