EVOLUTION OF

QUALITY MANAGEMENT
Master of Information and Operational Management
Dated: 11.03.2019

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 Traditional: Before  Modern organized
the advent of modern factory system based
organized factory on specialized
system: manufacturing
sections, each
practicing a limited
range of skills resulted
in:
 Skilled craftsman  Reduction of
managed all aspects of craftsmanship to series
his business and of simple operations.
ensured customer
satisfaction.

CONTINUED
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 Trained his off-spring in  The system abolished
same skill to maintain the two basic
his tradition. incentives of
craftsmanship that
were responsible for
quality.
 His main incentives  The quest for new
were his personal pride systems to ensure
in his craftsmanship quality which started in
and dependability of early 19th century has
his livelihood on the now matured into the
product. current ISO-9000
quality management
and quality assurance
systems. 3
1. Early 19th century:
 First modeling W. Taylor
 Simple operation carried out – minimum
skill
 Arrival of illiterate cheap migrants to USA
2. Early 1920
 Problems
 Increase losses due to poor quality goods
 Solution
i. Statistical Method
ii. Random Sampling
 Results:
 Improved but limited due to non-
standardization and poor monitoring
method 4
3. Late 1940 – 1950:
 Japan – producer of cheap and poor quality
 Japan started concentrated effort to improve
for competing internationally
 1950 – Dr. W.E. Deming invited by Japan for
developing new approach
 Deming’s 3 main principles:
 Quality is the ultimate responsibility of top
management;
 Control by inspection is not enough,
everyone must accept responsibility for
controlling and checking their own work;
 Educate, train and motivate employees to
achieve and improve quality throughout the
organization. 5
4. Early 1960 – 1968
 Role of military establishments in UK & USA:
 Serious problems with Quality
Performance and Reliability of vendors
supplies
 Survey:
10%  Timely delivery
30%  6 – 12 months late
50%  required rework
 Development of first ALLIED QUALITY
ASSURANCE PUBLICATION (AQAP)

CONTINUED
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  Shift to philosophy of assessment of
vendor capability
BY
 Continuous monitoring of suppliers
 Improvement based on Deming’s
Principles
5. 1972: Adapting military standards to industrial
organizations. British Standard Institute (BSI)
issued BS 4891 “A Guide to Quality Assurance”
6. 1973: UK Ministry of Defense set-up standards
known as DEF-STAN 05-21
7. 1975: BSI issued BS 5179, reinforcing the
above standards.
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8. 1979: BSI issued BS 5750.
9. 1979 – 1980: Many other countries adopted
standards similar to BS 5750
10. 1987:
 Publication of ISO-Standards which were
adopted by the UK as the new BS 5750 and
by Europe as the EN-29000
 The work started by Motorola in 1970
culminated in the formulation of Sigma Six
Quality Management System, which was
specific to organizations – followed by other
companies like Samsung (1997), GE, Sony,
Kodak, Philips Electronics, LG, Hyundai
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11. 1994: Revised ISO Standards. These revisions
constitute a continuous process to incorporate
industrial changes and developments.
12. 2000: Revised ISO Standards.
13. 2008: Latest revision of ISO standards.
14. BEYOND 2008: Work continues in all fields
encompassing industry, services like hospitals,
educational institutions and government
departments – focus on sector specific ISO
systems.

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Evolution of quality Era
Evolution

TQM

TQC &CWQC

TQC

SQC

Inspection

Foreman

Craftsman
Years
1900 1920 1940 1960 1980 1990 2000 10
 Evolution of Quality –Means & Focus
1975 1980 1985 1990 1995 2000

Productivity Quality TQC/TQM

Quality of
Employee
Work life
Involvement

Self Directed Self

Operation Customers Innovations 11