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Stars: Sharon Pimienta Alejandro Sánchez Daniela Viana

Stars are giant spheres of superhot gas made up mostly of hydrogen and helium that burn through nuclear fusion. There are different types of stars including dwarfs, giants, and neutron stars. Constellations are groups of stars that form imaginary patterns representing animals, gods, or objects. There are 88 officially recognized constellations divided into human/mythological figures, inanimate objects, and animals. Constellations were important for agriculture, navigation, and telling time. Stars go through life cycles including burning hydrogen, expanding as red giants, shedding layers as planetary nebulae, and ultimately collapsing into white dwarfs, neutron stars, or black holes.

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Luis Viana Guzmán
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39 views11 pages

Stars: Sharon Pimienta Alejandro Sánchez Daniela Viana

Stars are giant spheres of superhot gas made up mostly of hydrogen and helium that burn through nuclear fusion. There are different types of stars including dwarfs, giants, and neutron stars. Constellations are groups of stars that form imaginary patterns representing animals, gods, or objects. There are 88 officially recognized constellations divided into human/mythological figures, inanimate objects, and animals. Constellations were important for agriculture, navigation, and telling time. Stars go through life cycles including burning hydrogen, expanding as red giants, shedding layers as planetary nebulae, and ultimately collapsing into white dwarfs, neutron stars, or black holes.

Uploaded by

Luis Viana Guzmán
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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Download as PPTX, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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Stars

Sharon Pimienta
Alejandro Sánchez
Daniela Viana
What is a star?
• Stars are giant spheres of superhot gas made up mostly of hydrogen
and helium. Stars get so hot by burning hydrogen into helium in a
process called nuclear fusion. This is what makes them so hot and
bright. Our Sun is a star.
Types of Stars
• Dwarfs - Smaller stars are called dwarf
stars. Red and yellow stars are generally
called dwarfs. A brown dwarf is one that
never quite got large enough for nuclear
fusion to occur.

• Giants - Giant stars may be main


sequence stars like a blue giant, or stars
that are expanding like red giants. Some
supergiant stars are as big as the entire
Solar System!

• Neutrons - A neutron star is created


from the collapse of a giant star. It's very
tiny, but very dense.
What is a constellation?
• A constellation is a group of stars that forms an imaginary outline or
pattern on the celestial sphere, typically representing an animal,
mythological person or creature, a god, or an inanimate object.
Number of Constellations
The International Astronomical Union decided upon 88 constellations
that would be officially recognized by all astronomers. Which are:
• 17 human or mythological • 29 inanimate objects • 42 animals
characters
Why are constellations so important?

• The stars allowed farmers to


form agriculture, and
constellations made it easier
to interpret the patterns in
the sky. The constellations
also helped with navigation
and they were the primary
tool for telling time at night.
THE LIFE OF THE STARS

• A cloud of gas, if it is large


enough, begins to contract.
Density and temperature
increase, so that nuclear fusion
can begin. This is when
Hydrogen becomes Helium.
When "hydrogen" is burned, the
contraction stops. At this time,
the gas becomes a star. This is
the state in which our Sun is.
The red giant

• After billions of years, most of the hydrogen fuel VIDEO


has "burned", and the star begins to contract
again. The star has to use another fuel, Helium.

• The next stage in the life of a star is called a red


giant. The star is now much larger than at the
beginning. When the giant red star runs out of
fuel, the star begins to contract again. This
contraction greatly heats the star's core, so that
heavier elements are formed. When the last type
of fuel runs out of the star, it has reached the end
of its life.
Planetary Nebula - White Dwarf
• The star begins to shed layers
because it cannot contain
them any longer. This is called
a planetary nebula. The center
of the star becomes a white
dwarf. This is an extremely
dense star that is the size of a
planet. Finally, when the white
dwarf has used all its energy, it
stops shining and becomes a
"black dwarf", that is, a dead
star. This is expected to be the
last stage of our Sun.
SUPERNOVA
VIDEO
• For stars with masses greater
than the Sun (up to 40 times
larger), the outer layers of the
star can be thrown more
strongly. This is a supernova.
This type of star collapses to a
very compact size. This is what
they call a "neutron star." Stars
more than 40 times larger than
the Sun can become a "black
hole."

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