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    Sardar Vallabhbhai Patel Institute of Technology

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    This document provides an overview of firewalls, including their classification and functions. It discusses packet filtering firewalls, which operate at the transport layer and filter based on packet header information like IP addresses and port numbers. Packet filters can implement ingress and egress filtering and allow or deny network services. The document also describes firewall gateways, which use proxy programs to filter packets and enforce security policies at the application layer. It notes that while firewalls provide perimeter defense, they are not perfect as threats can still exist internally and firewalls cannot block all virus infections across different operating systems and file types.

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    Sardar Vallabhbhai Patel Institute of Technology

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    anon_740176878
    24 views13 pages
    This document provides an overview of firewalls, including their classification and functions. It discusses packet filtering firewalls, which operate at the transport layer and filter based on packet header information like IP addresses and port numbers. Packet filters can implement ingress and egress filtering and allow or deny network services. The document also describes firewall gateways, which use proxy programs to filter packets and enforce security policies at the application layer. It notes that while firewalls provide perimeter defense, they are not perfect as threats can still exist internally and firewalls cannot block all virus infections across different operating systems and file types.

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    Firewalls

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    This document provides an overview of firewalls, including their classification and functions. It discusses packet filtering firewalls, which operate at the transport layer and filter based on packet header information like IP addresses and port numbers. Packet filters can implement ingress and egress filtering and allow or deny network services. The document also describes firewall gateways, which use proxy programs to filter packets and enforce security policies at the application layer. It notes that while firewalls provide perimeter defense, they are not perfect as threats can still exist internally and firewalls cannot block all virus infections across different operating systems and file types.

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as PPT, PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as ppt, pdf, or txt
    24 views13 pages

    Sardar Vallabhbhai Patel Institute of Technology

    Uploaded by

    anon_740176878
    This document provides an overview of firewalls, including their classification and functions. It discusses packet filtering firewalls, which operate at the transport layer and filter based on packet header information like IP addresses and port numbers. Packet filters can implement ingress and egress filtering and allow or deny network services. The document also describes firewall gateways, which use proxy programs to filter packets and enforce security policies at the application layer. It notes that while firewalls provide perimeter defense, they are not perfect as threats can still exist internally and firewalls cannot block all virus infections across different operating systems and file types.

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    of 13

    SARDAR VALLABHBHAI

    PATEL INSTITUTE OF
    TECHNOLOGY
    SUBJECT:FIREWALL

    Prepared By:
     160410119108

     160410119105

     160410119107

     160410119104

    Guided By:
    Prof. Jagruti T. Jadav
    (Mechanical Engineering)
    (SVIT VASAD)
    What is a Firewall?
     A choke point of control and monitoring
     Interconnects networks with differing trust
     Imposes restrictions on network services
     only authorized traffic is allowed
     Auditing and controlling access
     can implement alarms for abnormal behavior
     Itself immune to penetration
     Provides perimeter defence
    Classification of Firewall
    Characterized by protocol level it controls in
     Packet filtering

     Circuit gateways

     Application gateways

     Combination of above is dynamic packet filter


    Firewalls – Packet Filters
    Firewalls – Packet Filters
     Simplest of components
     Uses transport-layer information only
     IP Source Address, Destination Address
     Protocol/Next Header (TCP, UDP, ICMP, etc)

     TCP or UDP source & destination ports

     TCP Flags (SYN, ACK, FIN, RST, PSH, etc)

     ICMP message type

     Examples
     DNS uses port 53
     No incoming port 53 packets except known trusted servers
    Usage of Packet Filters
     Filtering with incoming or outgoing interfaces
     E.g.,
    Ingress filtering of spoofed IP addresses
     Egress filtering

     Permits or denies certain services


     Requires intimate knowledge of TCP and UDP port
    utilization on a number of operating systems
    How to Configure a Packet Filter
     Start with a security policy
     Specify allowable packets in terms of logical
    expressions on packet fields
     Rewrite expressions in syntax supported by your
    vendor
     General rules - least privilege
     All that is not expressly permitted is prohibited
     If you do not need it, eliminate it
    Security & Performance of Packet Filters
     IP address spoofing
     Fake source address to be trusted
     Add filters on router to block

     Tiny fragment attacks


     Split TCP header info over several tiny packets
     Either discard or reassemble before check

     Degradation depends on number of rules applied at


    any point
     Order rules so that most common traffic is dealt with
    first
     Correctness is more important than speed
    Port Numbering
     TCP connection
     Server port is number less than 1024
     Client port is number between 1024 and 16383
     Permanent assignment
     Ports <1024 assigned permanently
     20,21 for FTP 23 for Telnet
     25 for server SMTP 80 for HTTP
     Variable use
     Ports >1024 must be available for client to make any
    connection
     This presents a limitation for stateless packet filtering
     If client wants to use port 2048, firewall must allow incoming
    traffic on this port
     Better: stateful filtering knows outgoing requests
    Firewall Gateways
     Firewall runs set of proxy programs
     Proxies filter incoming, outgoing packets
     All incoming traffic directed to firewall

     All outgoing traffic appears to come from firewall

     Policy embedded in proxy programs


     Two kinds of proxies
     Application-level gateways/proxies
     Tailored to http, ftp, smtp, etc.
     Circuit-level gateways/proxies
     Working on TCP level
    Firewalls Aren’t Perfect?
     Useless against attacks from the inside
     Evildoer exists on inside
     Malicious code is executed on an internal machine

     Organizations with greater insider threat


     Banks and Military
     Protection must exist at each layer
     Assess risks of threats at every layer
     Cannot protect against transfer of all virus
    infected programs or files
     because of huge range of O/S & file types
    THANKYOU

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