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First Aid: Immediate and Temporary Care Given by

The document provides guidance on how to administer first aid in emergency situations by outlining the objectives, roles of first aiders, steps to take including assessing safety, the victim's condition, and contacting emergency services, as well as how to treat common injuries and medical issues like bleeding, choking, and an unconscious person through techniques like applying pressure, performing the Heimlich maneuver, and chest compressions.

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Jd Jamolod Pelovello
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375 views18 pages

First Aid: Immediate and Temporary Care Given by

The document provides guidance on how to administer first aid in emergency situations by outlining the objectives, roles of first aiders, steps to take including assessing safety, the victim's condition, and contacting emergency services, as well as how to treat common injuries and medical issues like bleeding, choking, and an unconscious person through techniques like applying pressure, performing the Heimlich maneuver, and chest compressions.

Uploaded by

Jd Jamolod Pelovello
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PPT, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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First Aid

Immediate and
temporary care given by
trained or untrained that
will make a difference
between LIFE and DEATH
Objectives of First Aid
•Alleviate suffering
•Prolong life
•Prevent added injury or danger
Roles of First Aider
• The bridge that fills the gap between
victim and the physician.
• Ends when the services of the physician
begins
• Not intended to compete with nor take
the place of a physician.
Characteristics of a Good First Aider

• Observant
• Resourceful
• Gentle
• Tactful
• Sympathetic
• Cheerful
Steps in Emergency Action Principle

1.Survey the Scene


 The Safety
 The Type of Injury
 The Location
2. Primary Survey of the
Victim
 Airway
 Breathing
 Circulation
3. Contacting Emergency Medical
Services (EMS)
• The actual location, be as specific as
possible (the name of the building,
room number).
• Telephone number
• Caller's name
• The reason for the call
• Number of victims
• Condition of victim(s)
• First Aid provided to the victim
4. Secondary survey of a victim
“SAMPLE PAIN”
S -signs and symptoms
A -allergies
M -medications
P -past history/previous illness
L -last meal
E -events prior to what happened
P -period of pain
A -area
I -intensity
N -nullify
Breathing Problems and Choking
• ASTHMA
• Swelling of the lining of the
airway(ALLERGIC REACTION)
• CHOKING
CHOKING
• The Universal sign for Choking is grasping the
neck.
• To Perform the Heimlich Maneuver
• Stand behind the choking person and wrap your
arms around his or her waist. Bend the person
slightly forward.
• Make a fist with one hand and place it slightly
above the person's navel.
• Grasp your fist with the other hand and press
hard into the abdomen with a quick, upward
thrust. Repeat this procedure until the object is
expelled from the airway.
The Unconscious Person
• If the person is lying down
or unconscious, place the
heel of your hand just
above the waistline.
• Place your other hand on
top of this hand.
• Keeping your elbows
straight, give four quick
upward thrusts.
• Repeat this several times
until the obstructing
object is coughed out or
an emergency personnel
arrives
BLEEDING
Priority #1 is to stop the bleeding.
• In most cases, bleeding can be stopped by
applying pressure to the wound.
• If the bleeding is not stopping, apply clean cloth
or bandage to the wound for 15 to 30 minutes
with reasonable amount of pressure.
• Make sure the cloth stays in place and is not
moved during that time.
• If the bleeding persists, apply the second
dressing to the wound and increase the
pressure.
Priority #2 is to keep the wound clean.
• wash the wound
• extract it with your hands or tweezers(visible
debris)
Other things to consider:
• Elevate bleeding extremity.
• In uncontrolled bleeding, you can apply tourniquet
technique.
Gunshot Wounds
• ALERT EMERGENCY MEDICAL
SERVICE/ASSISTANCE
• Make sure you are safe.
• Do not move the victim unless you must
do so to keep him safe or to access care.
• CONTROL BLEEDING!
Special Considerations
Head
• keep the head elevated and get the victim to a trauma center as soon
as possible.
Face and neck ; Abdomen; Arm and Leg
• direct pressure to control bleeding
• keep the victim upright
• With injuries to the neck, be careful that blood flow to the carotid
arteries isn't disrupted, as this can reduce blood flow to the brain.
• For arm and leg, it can be elevated above the heart
Chest and back
• direct pressure to control bleeding
• Seal wound with hand or airtight material (e.g., plastic film).
• Apply an airtight bandage on three sides of the wound
Hands Only CPR
Three general symptoms that warrant
immediate administration of CPR
-- Victim is Unconscious
-- Victim is not Breathing
-- Victim has No Pulse
Less than 10 minutes only!
Latest AHA Guidelines
• "compression-only" CPR
• compress the chest at least two inches on
each push
• Rate of 100 compressions per minute
• Continue with chest compressions for as long
as possible or until help arrives

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