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    Literature

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    Jacob Siscar
    Spanish influences on Philippine literature began when the Roman alphabet replaced the indigenous Alibata script. Spanish became the dominant literary language, lending words to Tagalog and other dialects. Early books were religious in nature and printed in Spanish and Philippine languages. Folk songs and plays incorporated European legends. Literary forms included poems, narratives and plays that blended Spanish and indigenous traditions. The Propaganda Movement sought political reforms through publications. Writers during the American colonial and Japanese periods continued using hybrid forms to express nationalism.

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    Literature

    Uploaded by

    Jacob Siscar
    81 views34 pages
    Spanish influences on Philippine literature began when the Roman alphabet replaced the indigenous Alibata script. Spanish became the dominant literary language, lending words to Tagalog and other dialects. Early books were religious in nature and printed in Spanish and Philippine languages. Folk songs and plays incorporated European legends. Literary forms included poems, narratives and plays that blended Spanish and indigenous traditions. The Propaganda Movement sought political reforms through publications. Writers during the American colonial and Japanese periods continued using hybrid forms to express nationalism.

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    Philippine Literature

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    Spanish influences on Philippine literature began when the Roman alphabet replaced the indigenous Alibata script. Spanish became the dominant literary language, lending words to Tagalog and other dialects. Early books were religious in nature and printed in Spanish and Philippine languages. Folk songs and plays incorporated European legends. Literary forms included poems, narratives and plays that blended Spanish and indigenous traditions. The Propaganda Movement sought political reforms through publications. Writers during the American colonial and Japanese periods continued using hybrid forms to express nationalism.

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as PPTX, PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as pptx, pdf, or txt
    81 views34 pages

    Literature

    Uploaded by

    Jacob Siscar
    Spanish influences on Philippine literature began when the Roman alphabet replaced the indigenous Alibata script. Spanish became the dominant literary language, lending words to Tagalog and other dialects. Early books were religious in nature and printed in Spanish and Philippine languages. Folk songs and plays incorporated European legends. Literary forms included poems, narratives and plays that blended Spanish and indigenous traditions. The Propaganda Movement sought political reforms through publications. Writers during the American colonial and Japanese periods continued using hybrid forms to express nationalism.

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    of 34

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    SPANISH INFLUENCES ON PHILIPPINE LITERATURE
    1. The first Filipino alphabet called ALIBATA was replaced by
    the Roman Alphabet.
    2. The teaching of the Christian Doctrine became the basis of
    religious practices.
    3. The Spanish language which became the literary language
    during this time lent many of its words to our language.
    4. European legends and traditions brought here became
    assimilated in our songs, corridos, and moro-moros.
    5. Ancient literature was collected and translated to tagalog
    and other dialects.
    6. Manny grammar books were printed in Filipino, like
    Tagalog, Ilocano, and Visayan.
    7. Our periodicals during these times gained a religious tone.
    THE FIRST BOOKS

    1. Doctrina Christiana - the first book printed in the Philippines in 1593 in


    xylography

    2. Nuestra Senora del Rosario - second book printed in the Philippines

    3. Libro de los Cuatro Prosprimeras de Hombre ( in Spanish and Tagalog) -


    first book printed in typography

    4. Barlaan at Josephat - Biblical story printed in the Philippines and translated


    to Tagalog from Greek by Fr. Antonio de Borja.

    5. The Pasion - book about the life and sufferings of Jesus Christ

    6. Urbana at Felisa - book by Modesto de Castro, the so called Father of


    Classic Prose in Tagalog

    7. Ang Mga Dalit kay Maria (Pslams for Mary) - collections of songs praising
    the Virgin Mary
    FOLK SONGS

    Folk songs became widespread in the


    Philippines. Each region had its national songs
    from the lowlands to the mountain of Luzon,
    Visayas and Mindanao. It is also truly manifest the
    artistic feelings of every Filipinos.
    RECREATIONAL PLAYS
    1. Tibag
    2. Lagaylay
    3. The Cenaculo
    2 kinds:
     Cantada - chanted like the Pasion
     Hablada - the lines are spoken in a more deliberate manner showing the
    rhythmic measure of each verse and the rhyming in each stanza and is more
    dignified in theme
    4. Panunuluyan
    5. The Salubong (or Panubong)
    6. Carillo ( Shadow Play)
    7. The Zarzuela
    8. The Sainete
    LITERARY FORMs
    1. THE MORO-MORO
    Like the cenaculo, Moro- moro is presented also on a is
    special stage. This is performed during town fiestas to entertain
    the people and to remind them of their Christian religion.
    2. KARAGATAN
    This is a poetic vehicle of a socio-religious nature celebrated
    during the death of a person. A ritual is performed based on a
    legend about a princess who dropped her ring into the middle of
    sea and who offered her hand in marriage to anyone who can
    retrieve it.
    3. DUPLO
    The Duplo replace the Karagatan. This is a poetic joust in
    speaking and reasoning. The roles are taken from the Bible and
    proverbs and saying. It is usually played during wakes for the
    dead.
    THE TWO POPULAR NARRATIVE POEMS
    1. AWIT
    - is in dodecasyllabic verse
    - are fabricated stories from writer's imagination
    although setting and characters are European.
    - refers to chanting
    2. CORRIDO
    - is in octosyllabic verse
    - were usually on legends or stories from European
    countries like France, Spain, Italy, and Greece
    - refers to narration
    The Propaganda Movement (1872-1896)

    This movement was spearheaded mostly by the intellectual


    middle-class like Jose Rizal, Marcelo del Pilar, Graciano Lopez Jaena,
    Antonio Luna, Mariano Ponce, Jose Ma. Panganiban, and Pedro. The
    objectives of this movement were to seek reforms and changes like the
    following:

    1. To get equal treatment for the Filipinos and the Spaniards under the
    law.

    2. To make the Philippines a colony of Spain.

    3. To restore Filipino representation in the Spanish Cortes.

    5. To give the Filipinos freedom of speech, of the press, assembly and


    for redress of grievances.
    Active Revolution

    The noted leaders of this period were


    Andres Bonifacio, Emilio Jacinto and
    Apolinario Mabini.
    Andres Bonifacio
    1. ANG DAPAT MABATID NG MGA TAGALOG (What the Tagalogs
    Should Know)

    2. KATUNGKULANG GAGAWIN NG MGA ANA NG BAYAN


    (Obligations of Our Countrymen). This is an outline of obligations
    just like the 10 commandments of God.

    3. PAG-IBIG SA TINUBUAN LUPA (Love of One’s Native Land). A


    poem with a title similar to that of Marcelo H. del Pilar.

    4. HULING PAALAM (Last Farewell). A translation of

    Mi Ultimo Adios of Rizal in Tagalog.


    Apolonario Mabini

    1. KARTILYA NG KATIPUNAN (A primer book on the


    Katipunan)

    2. LIWANAG AT DILIM (Light and Darkness). A collection


    of essays on different subjects like freedom, work, faith,
    government, love of country.

    3. A MI MADRE (To My Mother). A touching ode to his


    mother.

    4. A LA PATRIA (To My Country). His masterpiece.


    Three types of poems emerged during this period.

    1. Haiku –a poem of free verse that the Japanese like. It was


    made up of 17 syllables divided into three lines. The first line had
    5 syllables, the second, 7 syllables, and the third, five. The Haiku
    is allegorical in meaning, is short and covers a wide scope in
    meaning.

    2. Tanaga –like the Haiku, is short but it had measure and rhyme.
    Each line had 17 syllables and it’s also allegorical in meaning.

    3. Karaniwang Anyo (Usual Form) –like those mentioned earlier


    in the beginning chapters of this book.
    Filipino drama during the Japanese period
    Some Play writers :

    1. Jose Ma. Hernandez – wrote PANDAY PIRA

    2. Francisco Soc Rodrigo – wrote sa PULA, SA PUTI

    3. Clodualdo del Mundo – wrote BULAGA (an


    expression in the game Hide and Seek).

    4. Julian Cruz Balmaceda –wrote SINO BA KAYO?,


    DAHIL SA ANAK, and HIGANTE NG PATAY.
    Upheavals in Nation’s History (First Quarter Storm of
    the Seventies)
    Martial Law years
    Assassination of Ninoy Aquino
    Amerging of three tradition:
    Oral lore – ethnic tradition
    Spanish Tradition
    American Colonial Traditon
    Literary Expressions
    - give responses to the historical and political force
    that have shaped Philippine Society since the Pacific War
    Philippines literature may thus be
    classified into:
    a. the residual
    b. the dominant language
    c. the emergent, produced by those in the
    periphery

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