Scribd
Upload
774 views25 pages

Bio Computing

The document discusses bio computing and DNA computing. It explains that biological computing uses synthesized biological components like DNA to store and process data analogous to the human body. DNA computing uses DNA strands and enzymes to perform massively parallel computations. A DNA computer would have extremely dense data storage, process billions of operations per second in parallel, and be highly energy efficient. However, DNA computing is still in development and not completely accurate yet. Potential applications include DNA chips, cryptography, genetic programming, and medicine.

Uploaded by

parth ganesh
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PPTX, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
774 views25 pages

Bio Computing

The document discusses bio computing and DNA computing. It explains that biological computing uses synthesized biological components like DNA to store and process data analogous to the human body. DNA computing uses DNA strands and enzymes to perform massively parallel computations. A DNA computer would have extremely dense data storage, process billions of operations per second in parallel, and be highly energy efficient. However, DNA computing is still in development and not completely accurate yet. Potential applications include DNA chips, cryptography, genetic programming, and medicine.

Uploaded by

parth ganesh
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PPTX, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
You are on page 1/ 25

Bio Computing

A.PARTH GANESH
CSE-IV,1st Semester
Topics

 Bio Computing
 DNA
 DNA computing
 Conventional vs DNA computer
 Application

ABDULLAH FARHAD
BIOLOGICAL COMPUTING

ABDULLAH FARHAD
What is Biological Computing?

 Biological Computing means such a


computing process which use synthesized
biological components to store and
manipulate data analogous to processes in
the human body.
 The result is small , faster computing process
that operates with great accuracy.
 Main biological component used in
Biological Computing is : DNA

ABDULLAH FARHAD
Why Bio Computing ??

 Moore’s Law states that silicon microprocessor


complexity will double in every 18 months.
 One day this will no longer hold true when
miniaturization limits are reached.
 Solving complex problems which today's
supercomputers are unable to perform in
stipulated period of time.
 Require a Successor to Silicon

ABDULLAH FARHAD
What is DNA?
 DNA Stands for DeOxyRiboNucleicAcid.
 A hereditary material found in almost all living
organisms.
 Located inside the nucleus of a cell.
 Helps in long term storage of information.
 DNA is stored as a
code made of four chemical bases(A,T,G ,C).

ABDULLAH FARHAD
Structure of DNA
 The two strands of DNA
molecule are anti parallel
where each strand runs
in opposite direction.
 Complementary base
pairs
Adenine(A) &Thymine(T)
Guanine(G)&Cytosine(C)

ABDULLAH FARHAD
Graphical Representation of Inherent
bonding properties of DNA

ABDULLAH FARHAD
What is a DNA Computer?
INVENTOR :Dr. Leonard Adleman

 DNA computer is a molecular


computer that works biochemically
to solve complex problems and
different possible solutions are
created all at once.
 It computes using enzymes that
react with DNA strands and cause
chain reactions.

ABDULLAH FARHAD
Evolution of the DNA Computer(2)

DNA computer moved from test


tubes on to gold plates

ABDULLAH FARHAD
Evolution of the DNA Computer(3)

First Practical DNA computer


unveiled in 2002 , used in gene
analysis.

ABDULLAH FARHAD
Evolution of the DNA Computer(4)

Self powered DNA computer


unveiled in 2003.
o First programmable autonomous computing
machine in which the input,output,software
and hardware are all made of DNA
molecules.
o Can perform a billion operations per second
with 99.8% accuracy

ABDULLAH FARHAD
Properties of a DNA computer

 Dense data storage.


 Massively parallel computation.
 Extraordinary energy efficiency.

ABDULLAH FARHAD
How Dense is the Data Storage?
Nick Goldman

1 gram of DNA =2.2


Petabytes
1 PB =
1000000000000000B
= 1015bytes = 1000
terabytes.

Photo: European Molecular Biology


Laboratory

ABDULLAH FARHAD
How Dense is the Data
Storage?(Continuous……….)

 The number of CDs required to hold this


amount of information, lined up edge to
edge, would circle the Earth 375 times, and
would take1630 centuries to listen to.

ABDULLAH FARHAD
How Enormous is the Parallelism?

 A test tube of DNA can contain trillions of


strands. Each operation on a test tube of DNA
is carried out on all strands in the tube in
parallel !

ABDULLAH FARHAD
How Extraordinary is the Energy
Efficiency?

Modern supercomputers = 109


operations/joule
DNA computer = 2*10^19
operations/joule

ABDULLAH FARHAD
Conventional vs. Biological Computers

Conventional Biological

Compone Inorganic, e.g. Biological,e.g.DNA


nt silicon
materials
Processing scheme Sequential and Massively parallel
limited massively
parallel
Energy efficient ? No Yes

Quantum effects a Yes No


problem?
Toxic components? Yes No

ABDULLAH FARHAD
Advantages of DNA computers

Cheap resource & plentiful supply.


DNA biochips can be made
cleanly so no toxic materials are
used.
Many times smaller in size than
current Computers.

ABDULLAH FARHAD
Advantages(Continuous...)

Taiwan introduces world's 1st


DNA chip

 They are planning to use this Chip on ID card


to crack down frauds using fake ID cards.
ABDULLAH FARHAD
Disadvantages

Not completely accurate at this


moment in time.
During an operation, 95% chance a particular
DNA molecule will “Compute” correctly.
DNA has a Half life
Solutions could dissolve away before the end
result is found

ABDULLAH FARHAD
Applications of DNA computing

 DNA chips
 Cryptography
 Genetic Programming
 Medical Application

ABDULLAH FARHAD
Conclusion

DNA computers showing enormous


potential, especially for medical
purposes as well as data processing
applications.
Still a lot of work and resources
required to develop it into a fully
fledged product.

ABDULLAH FARHAD
Reference
• http://www.neatorama.com/2013/01/23/Each-Gram-of-DNA-
Holds-Half-a-Million-DVDs/#!GuIF3
• http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Biological_computer
• http://sgugenetics.pbworks.com/w/page/47747543/DNA%20Micr
oarray%20Manufacture1
• http://learn.genetics.utah.edu/content/labs/microarray/
• http://www.transcriptome.ens.fr/sgdb/presentation/principle.php#
data_analysis
• http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/DNA_microarray
• http://www.slideshare.net/TJPetry/BIOInspiredComputingFinalV
ersion

ABDULLAH FARHAD
ABDULLAH FARHAD

You might also like