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    Acoustic Impedance

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    Mighel Adi
    Sound at an interface can either be reflected or transmitted depending on the relative acoustic impedances of the two materials. The percentage of sound reflected is calculated using the materials' acoustic impedances. For example, 88% of sound is reflected when traveling from steel to water due to their large difference in acoustic impedance. The greater the acoustic impedance ratio between two materials, the more sound will be reflected rather than transmitted.

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    Acoustic Impedance

    Uploaded by

    Mighel Adi
    199 views8 pages
    Sound at an interface can either be reflected or transmitted depending on the relative acoustic impedances of the two materials. The percentage of sound reflected is calculated using the materials' acoustic impedances. For example, 88% of sound is reflected when traveling from steel to water due to their large difference in acoustic impedance. The greater the acoustic impedance ratio between two materials, the more sound will be reflected rather than transmitted.

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    Sound at an interface can either be reflected or transmitted depending on the relative acoustic impedances of the two materials. The percentage of sound reflected is calculated using the materials' acoustic impedances. For example, 88% of sound is reflected when traveling from steel to water due to their large difference in acoustic impedance. The greater the acoustic impedance ratio between two materials, the more sound will be reflected rather than transmitted.

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as PPT, PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as ppt, pdf, or txt
    199 views8 pages

    Acoustic Impedance

    Uploaded by

    Mighel Adi
    Sound at an interface can either be reflected or transmitted depending on the relative acoustic impedances of the two materials. The percentage of sound reflected is calculated using the materials' acoustic impedances. For example, 88% of sound is reflected when traveling from steel to water due to their large difference in acoustic impedance. The greater the acoustic impedance ratio between two materials, the more sound will be reflected rather than transmitted.

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as PPT, PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as ppt, pdf, or txt
    of 8

    Sound at an Interface

    • Sound will be either transmitted across


    or reflected back
    Reflected

    How much is reflected and


    Interface transmitted depends upon the
    relative acoustic impedance of
    the 2 materials

    Transmitted
    Acoustic Impedance
    • Definition • Formula
    The Resistance to the
    passage of sound Z   V
    within a material  = Density , V = Velocity

    • Steel 46.7 x 106


    • Measured in
    • Water 1.48 x 106
    kg / m2 x sec • Air 0.0041 x 106
    • Perspex 3.2 x 106
    % Sound Reflected at an
    Interface
    2
     Z1  Z 2 
       100  % reflected
     Z1  Z 2 

    % Sound Reflected + % Sound Transmitted = 100%

    Therefore
    % Sound Transmitted = 100% - % Sound Reflected
    Sound at an Interface
    • Sound will be either transmitted across
    or reflected back
    Reflected

    How much is reflected and


    Interface transmitted depends upon the
    relative acoustic impedance of
    the 2 materials

    Transmitted
    How much sound is reflected at a steel to water
    interface?
    • Z1 (Steel) = 46.7 x 106
    • Z2 (Water) =1.48 x 106
    2
     46.7  1.48 
     46.7  1.48   100  % reflected

    2
     45.22 
     48.18   100  % reflected

    0. 93856 100  88.09% reflected


    2
    How much sound transmitted?

    100 % - the reflected sound


    Example : Steel to water

    100 % - 88 % ( REFLECTED) = 12 % TRANSMITTED

    The BIGGER the Acoustic Impedance Ratio


    or Difference between the two materials:
    More sound REFLECTED than transmitted.
    Air Steel

    Steel
    Air
    Large Acoustic Impedance Large Acoustic Impedance
    Ratio Ratio

    Steel Aluminum

    Steel
    Steel

    No Acoustic Impedance Small Acoustic Impedance


    Difference Difference
    Ultrasonic Displays
    • A scan
    The CRT (Cathode Ray Tube) display
    The Horizontal axis :
    Represents time base / beam path length / distance
    / depth
    The Vertical axis :
    Represent the amount of sound energy
    returned to the crystal

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