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Simple Linear Regression Analysis: Jennifer G. Verdejo Maed-IM

The document describes a simple linear regression analysis conducted to determine if there is a relationship between study hours (the independent variable) and examination scores (the dependent variable) of 10 students. A scatter plot and calculations were performed. The results showed a moderate positive correlation (r=0.63) but the p-value of 0.052 was greater than the significance level of 0.05, so the null hypothesis that study hours do not predict exam scores could not be rejected. Therefore, for this data, study hours alone were not a statistically significant predictor of exam scores.

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88 views24 pages

Simple Linear Regression Analysis: Jennifer G. Verdejo Maed-IM

The document describes a simple linear regression analysis conducted to determine if there is a relationship between study hours (the independent variable) and examination scores (the dependent variable) of 10 students. A scatter plot and calculations were performed. The results showed a moderate positive correlation (r=0.63) but the p-value of 0.052 was greater than the significance level of 0.05, so the null hypothesis that study hours do not predict exam scores could not be rejected. Therefore, for this data, study hours alone were not a statistically significant predictor of exam scores.

Uploaded by

Jennifer Verdejo
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© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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SIMPLE LINEAR

REGRESSION ANALYSIS

JENNIFER G. VERDEJO
Maed-IM
OBJECTIVE:

Establish if there is a relationship between the two variable.

More specifically, stablish if there is a statistically significant


relationship between the two.
SIMPLE LINEAR REGRESSION ANALYSIS

Regression Analysis deals with the estimation of one variable


based on the changes and movement of two variables.

One of the main uses of regression is to make prediction.

Prior to executing the regression analysis, there should be


significant relationship between the x ( independent variable) and
the y ( dependent variable)
SCATTER PLOT
FORMULA
y = a + bx
Where:

y = the dependent variable


x = the independent variable
a = the y intercept
b = the slope of the line
SITUATION
The data below show the study time and examination scores of 10 students. Determine the
regression equation and the test hypothesis that study time is a predictor of examination
scores at 95% confidence level.
r Pearson Moment Correlation
Student Hours Examination XY X² Y²
of Score
Study (Y)
(X)

1 1 53 53 1 2809
2 5 74 370 25 5476
3 7 59 413 49 3481
4 8 43 344 64 1849
5 10 56 560 100 3136
6 11 84 924 121 7056
7 14 96 1344 196 9216
8 15 69 1035 225 4761
9 15 84 1250 225 7056
10 19 83 1577 361 6889
105 701 7880 1367 51729
r
t =
r xy= n Σ x y- Σx Σy √ 1-𝑟 2
[ n Σ 𝑥 2 − (Σ𝑥)2 ] [ n Σ 𝑦 2 − (Σ𝑦)2 ] n-2

10 ( 7880) – 105 ( 701) 0.63


= =
√ [ 10 ( 1367) – ( 107) [ 10 (51729) √ 1.0632
0.63
78 800.0 – 73, 605.0 =
= √ 0.6
√[ 2 645.0] [ 25 889.0] 0.8
5 195.0 0.63
= =
√68 476 405.0 0.27

= 0.63 = 2.281

Remarks: STRONG RELATIONSHIP


Degree of Association or Relationship
SCATTER PLOT
120

100
96

80 84 84 83
74
69
60 59
53 56

40 43
Series1
20 Linear (Series1)

0
0 5 10 15 20
I. Problem

Is study hour a predictor of examination


score?
II. Hypothesis
Ho: The study hour is not a predictor
of the examination score.
Ha: The study hour is a predictor of the
examination score.
III. Choice of test statistics & level
of significance:

Simple linear regression, ᾳ = 0.05


∑ y ∑ 𝑥 2 − ∑𝑥 ∑𝑥𝑦
Where: a=
𝑛 ∑ 𝑥 2 − ∑𝑥 2

𝑛 ∑x y -∑ 𝑥 ∑𝑦
Where: b=
𝑛 ∑ x – ( ∑ 𝑥)2
IV. Statistics
Student Hours Examination XY X² Y²
of Score
Study (Y)
(X)

1 1 53 53 1 2809
2 5 74 370 25 5476
3 7 59 413 49 3481
4 8 43 344 64 1849
5 10 56 560 100 3136
6 11 84 924 121 7056
7 14 96 1344 196 9216
8 15 69 1035 225 4761
9 15 84 1250 225 7056
10 19 83 1577 361 6889
105 701 7880 1367 51729
a

(105)²
V. Decision Rule and Finding

Decision Rule: Reject Ho if level of significance, a>p-value

Finding: a (0.05)< p-value (0.052)


VI. Decision
Do not reject the null hypothesis
VII. Interpretation & Analysis

The study hour is not a predictor of examination score. The regression


equation Exam_Score (Y) =49.48 + 1.96 (hrs of study) reflects that, on
the average, each additional hr of study yields a little less than 2
additional exam points (the slope). A student who did not study
(hrs_study=0) would expect a score of 49 (the intercept)
The scatter plot shows an imperfect fit since not all of the variation in

exams scores reflects other factors e.g. previous night’s sleep, class

attendance, text anxiety.

Using the fitted regression equation, y₁ =49.76 + 1.96x₁, find each

student’s expected examination score.


STUDENT & STUDY HOURS ACTUAL SCORE EXPECTED EXAM SCORE
(X) (Y) 𝒚𝟏=𝟒𝟗.𝟕𝟔+𝟏.𝟗𝟔𝒙𝟏

No. 4, 8 hrs. 𝒚𝟏=𝟒𝟗.𝟕𝟔+𝟏.𝟗𝟔 𝟖 =𝟔𝟓.𝟏𝟗


43

No. 7, 14 hrs. 96 𝒚𝟏=𝟒𝟗.𝟕𝟔+𝟏.𝟗𝟔 𝟏𝟒 =𝟕𝟔.𝟗𝟖

No. 10, 19 hrs. 83 𝒚𝟏=𝟒𝟗.𝟕𝟔+𝟏.𝟗𝟔 𝟏𝟗 =𝟖𝟔.𝟕𝟗


VIII. Conclusion

For the given data, the number of spent study hours cannot predict

examination scores of the students.


THANK YOU…

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