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The Components of The System Unit

The system unit contains the main components of a computer including the processor, memory, motherboard, expansion slots, disk drives, and power supply. It comes in various shapes and sizes and protects the internal components. The processor interprets and carries out instructions with the help of the control unit and arithmetic logic unit. Memory in the form of RAM and ROM is used to process and store data and instructions. The motherboard contains the CPU and memory and connects other components via expansion slots. Ports and connectors allow external devices to connect to the system unit and transfer data. The power supply provides electricity to power the entire system.

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82 views24 pages

The Components of The System Unit

The system unit contains the main components of a computer including the processor, memory, motherboard, expansion slots, disk drives, and power supply. It comes in various shapes and sizes and protects the internal components. The processor interprets and carries out instructions with the help of the control unit and arithmetic logic unit. Memory in the form of RAM and ROM is used to process and store data and instructions. The motherboard contains the CPU and memory and connects other components via expansion slots. Ports and connectors allow external devices to connect to the system unit and transfer data. The power supply provides electricity to power the entire system.

Uploaded by

Nicole Anne
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© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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Download as PPTX, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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The Components of the

system unit
The Components of the
System unit
system unit

System System
unit unit

System unit
System
unit
Handheld controller
The Components of the system
unit

System Unit is a case that contains electronic


components of the computer used to process
data.
 Made of metal or plastic to protects the internal
components from damage.
 All computers have a system unit. It is available
in variety of shapes & sizes.
1. The
ProcessorComponents
interprets & carries out the basicof the
instructions system
that operate a computer.
2. Memory holds data waiting to be unit
processed & instruction waiting to be executed.
3. Processor & Memory are connected to a circuit board called the motherboard.
4. Adapter cards (expansion slots): are circuit boards that provide connections and
functions not built into the motherboard.
5. Devices outside the system unit often attach to the ports.
6. A drive bay holds one or more disk drive.
7. The Power supply provide the computer with the electricity.
The Components of the system
unit
Central Processing Unit (CPU)

Processor, called the central


CPU processing unit (CPU),
Microprocessor.
Control Unit Arithmetic/
Logic Unit
(ALU)

 Its contain a control unit & an arithmetic logic unit (ALU).


 These 2 components work together to perform processing operations.
The Components of the system
Motherboard , called system board. unit
 It is a main circuit board of the system unit.
 Many electronic components attach to the motherboard, others are built into it. Ex: adapter cards,
a processor chip and a memory module.

http://www.howstuffworks.com/microprocessor.htm
Processor

Control Unit
ALU

Instructions
Data
Information

INPUT OUTPUT
Data MEMORY information
DEVICES DEVICES

Instructions
Data
Information

Storage
Devices
Central Processing Unit (CPU)
The operations typically performed by a CPU are:
1. CPUs control the reading of programs and input files.
2. CPUs process data according to instructions in a program.
3. CPUs control the creation of output.
The Components of the system
unit

The Arithmetic Logic Unit performs arithmetic, comparison and other


operations.

The Control Unit

 Handles the transmission of data into and out of


the CPU and supervises its overall operations.
Memory
Memory sizes
It’s the number of bytes the chip or devices has available for storage.

Approximate no. of Exact no. of


Term Abb. byte byte

Kilobyte KB or K 1000 1,024

Megabyte MB 1Million 1,048,576

Gigabyte GB 1Billion 1,073,741, 824

Terabyte TB 1 Trillion 1,099,511,627,776


RAM (Main Memory)

RAM ( Random Access Memory ), Also Called main memory.

 consists of memory chips that can be read from and written to by the
processor and other devices.

 The content my changed.

Saving is a process of copying items from RAM to a storage device such as a


hard disk.
RAM

RAM ( Random Access Memory )


 RAM chips usually reside on a memory module, which is a small circuit
board.

 Memory slots on the motherboard hold memory modules.


ROM

ROM ( Read Only Memory)

 The data on most ROM chips cannot be modified.

 Manufacture of ROM chips often record data, instructions, or information


on the chip when they manufacture the chip.

 Computers almost always contain a small amount of read-only memory


that holds instructions for starting up the computer.
Ports and Connectors

Ports and Connectors


Port is the point at which a peripheral attaches to or communicates with a
system unit so the peripheral can send data to or receive information from
the computer.
 the term jack sometimes is used to identify audio and video ports.

 Port have a different types of connectors, A connectors joins a cable to a


peripheral.
Ports and Connectors

Serial Ports is a type of interface that connects a device to the system unit by
transmitting data one bit at a time.
Ports and Connectors

FireWire Ports Previously called an IEEE 1394 port.


 It is similar to a USB port in that it can connect multiple type of device that
require faster data transmission speeds to a single connector, such as
digital video camera, color printers, scanners, .. etc.
 Allow you to connect up to 63 devices together.
 You can use a FireWire hub to attach multiple devices to a single FireWire
port.
 USB and FireWire are replacing all other types of port.
Ports and Connectors

USB Ports, Short for universal serial bus port.

 Can connect up to 127 different peripherals together with a single


connector.
 USB hub is a device that plugs in a USB port on the system & contains
multiple USB ports.
Ports and Connectors

MIDI Port, short for musical instrument digital interface.


 Serial port
 Connect the system unit to keyboard.

SCSI Port
 A special high-speed parallel port.
 Allow you to attach SCSI peripherals such as disk driver and printers.
Ports and Connectors

Special-Purpose Ports

These ports are not included in typical computers.


 MIDI Port
 SCSI Port
 IrDA Port
 Bluetooth Port
Power Supply

Power Supply

Is a component of the system unit that supply computer with


power.
Ports and Connectors

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