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The document presents a comparison of the Delay-based Dissemination Technique (DDT) scheme and Area-based Dissemination Technique (ADT) scheme for information dissemination in Vehicular Ad-Hoc Networks (VANETs) in urban scenarios. The DDT scheme has limitations in heterogeneous transmission range environments. The ADT scheme addresses this by calculating waiting time based on the overlapped area between transmitter and receiver. Simulation results show that ADT has higher throughput, propagation speed, and lower energy consumption compared to DDT.

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Sri Kiran Thunuguntla
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34 views43 pages

Final

The document presents a comparison of the Delay-based Dissemination Technique (DDT) scheme and Area-based Dissemination Technique (ADT) scheme for information dissemination in Vehicular Ad-Hoc Networks (VANETs) in urban scenarios. The DDT scheme has limitations in heterogeneous transmission range environments. The ADT scheme addresses this by calculating waiting time based on the overlapped area between transmitter and receiver. Simulation results show that ADT has higher throughput, propagation speed, and lower energy consumption compared to DDT.

Uploaded by

Sri Kiran Thunuguntla
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© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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Efficient Data Dissemination in VANETs: Urban

Scenario

PRESENTED BY:
138W1A0457:T.AMITHA
138W1A0452:G.SNEHA
138W1A0417: J.KEERTHI
148W5A0408:R.HIMA BINDU
GUIDED BY:
Mrs. CH. VIJAYA DURGA
Abstract
 In multi-hop dissemination, DDT scheme is one of the high performing
methods in Vehicular Ad-hoc Networks (VANETs), due to simplicity,
low overhead, and high efficiency.
 Such approaches neglect the fact that vehicles transmission ranges are
typically heterogeneous due to different transmission power values.
 The main problem is, ending of dissemination process before it reach
the required region.
 This problem is eliminated using ADT scheme.
 The performance of the proposed ADT algorithm is evaluated using an
actual road map with complex road scenarios and real movement traces.
 It will be compared with DDT algorithm.
Motivation
 The rapid increase of vehicular traffic on the highways
began hampering the safe and efficient movement of
traffic .
 Fuel wastage and air-pollution is caused.
 Every year there is an ascending rate of car accidents in
many countries.
 Vehicle crashes resulted in the loss of as many as 40,000
lives and over all economic losses of more than $230
billion.
 One of the possible solution is VANET.
What is a VANET?
 Vehicular Ad Hoc Network(VANET) is one of the type
of mobile ad hoc networks (MANETs).
 Wireless mobile ad hoc networks are self-configuring,
infrastructure less, dynamic networks in which nodes are
free to move.
Main Objective
 To design the broadcast protocol for
VANET such that it permits the optimal
information dissemination under different
environmental conditions by improving
efficiency.
Typical VANET Scenario
Applications
 VANET is the main part of Intelligent Transportation System.
 VANET Applications are classified as
 Safety Applications
 Road Hazard Control
 Traffic Vigilance
 Commercial Applications
 Convenience Applications
 Route Diversions
 Electronic Toll Collection
 Productive Applications
 Fuel Saving
Information Dissemination
 Efficient exchange of information between the nodes.
 Broadcasting is used.
 Broadcasting is of 2 types.

Single-hop broadcasting Multi-hop broadcasting

Message is directly Message is transferred


transferred from source to from source to destination
destination. via intermediate nodes.
Range is less. Range is more.
Multi-hop Broadcasting
Probabilistic Network Delay-based
coding

Packet loss is Packet loss Packet loss is


less. and delay are less.
more.
Non- Deterministic Deterministic
Deterministic.
Delay-based Multi-hop
broadcasting
 Also called as timer-based technique.

 In this technique each vehicle starts a calculated timer


after receiving a message.

 If the vehicle doesn’t receive any message duplicates


before the timer expires then it rebroadcasts the received
message.
DDT Scheme
 It is a delay-based broadcast technique.

 In this the waiting time is inversely proportional to


distance.

 Waiting time,
Decision process to forward a
received broadcast message
Disadvantage of DDT
 Existing approach do not work well in case of VANETs with
heterogeneous transmission ranges.

 Range is reduced i.e., message is dropped before it reach the


required destination.

 To avoid it ADT scheme is used in which waiting time


depends on overlapped area.
Heterogeneous Transmission
Range
ADT Algorithm
 1: Notation:
 2: P: Set of distinct received messages.
 3: W: Set of messages scheduled for transmission.
 4: msgk: Message k received from vehicle i.
 5: Aij: Overlap transmission area between the transmitter i and receiver j.
 6: ˆ Aj: Non covered transmission area of vehicle j by vehicle i.
 7: τk: Defer time for message k before transmission.
 8: M: ADT threshold value.
 9: if msgk / ∈ P and message life time not expired then
 10: P = msgk ∪P
 11: compute Aij using Equation 1
 12: ˆ Aj = 1− Aij π∗R2 j
 13: if ˆ Aj >= M then
 14: τk = Tmax( Aij π∗R2 j ) + δ
 15: W = W∪msgk;
 16: else
 17: drop msgk;
 18: end if
 19: else
 20: /* Redundant message */
 21: if msgk ∈ W then
 22: /* Suppress scheduled message for transmission */
 23: W = W−msgk;
 24: drop msgk;
 25: end if
 26: end if
 27: /*broadcast scheduled messages when deferred time expired */
 28: for each msgL ∈ W do
 29: if τL== current time then
 30: broadcast (msgL);
 31: W = W− msgL;
 32: end if
 33: end for
 Area not covered by previous transmission

Where,

 Waiting time
Overview of NS2
 NS2 =Network Simulator 2
 It consists of
 C++ : Internal mechanism
 OTcl : user interface
 TclCL: connecting C++ to OTcl
SUMO
 SUMO is an open-source, portable, microscopic road traffic
simulator, designed to handle large road networks.

 It is also a multimodal simulator, i.e., it is capable of


processing different types of traffic (buses, cars, etc.).

 Here simulation is based on data from a real map which is


considered form openstreetmap and by using SUMO real
movement traces are generated.
Sumo Simulation Window
NAM Outputs
DDT Scheme
Movement of nodes
Transmission of data
End of Simulation
ADT SCHEME
Movement of nodes
Data Transmission
End of Simulation
GRAPHICAL RESULTS
GRAPH FOR THROUGHPUT
GRAPH FOR DELAY
GRAPH FOR ENERGY
CONSUMPTION
Conclusion
 DDT and ADT schemes are implemented in NS2 tool and
their parameters are determined and compared.
 For both algorithms the node mobility information is
taken from SUMO.
 The simulation results show that the ADT Scheme has
higher propagation speeds, higher throughput and less
energy consumption when compared to DDT Scheme.
 Therefore ADT is efficient in VANETs with
heterogeneous transmission ranges.
Future Scope
 We can also check the performance of the algorithm by varying
the threshold value.

 The redundancy of messages is reduced, the average speed of


message propagation is increased with the increase of
threshold.

 Propagation distance decreases with the increase of the


threshold values.

 Therefore a balance is to be maintained.


References
 1. M. Hager, L. Wernecke, C. Schneider, and J.Seitz, “Vehicular Adhoc networks: Multihop information
dissemination in an urban scenario,” IEEE Communications Surveys & Tutorials, vol. 11, no. 2, pp. 3–20, July 2015.
 2. SabihurRehman , M. Arif Khan, Tanveer A. Zia, Lihong Zheng”Vehicular Ad-Hoc Networks (VANETs) - An
Overview and Challenges”Journal of Wireless Networking and Communications 2013, 3(3): 29-38 DOI:
10.5923/j.jwnc.20130303.02
 3. Dr. RenuDhir,Vanita Rani”A Study of Ad-Hoc Network: A Review”, International Journal of Advanced Research
in Computer Science and Software Engineering 3(3), March - 2013, pp. 135-138.
 4. S.Panichpapiboon and W.Pattara-Atikom, “A Review of Information Dissemination Protocols for Vehicular Ad
Hoc Networks,” IEEE Communications Surveys & Tutorials, vol. 14, no. 3, pp. 784–798, 2012.
 5. Uma Nagaraj, Poonam Dhamal “Broadcasting Routing Protocols in VANET”Network and Complex
Systems,ISSN 2224-610X (Paper) ISSN 2225-0603 ,Vol 1, No.2, 2011.
 6. V.AnjiReddy : “Performance Analysis of DSDV Protocols in Vehicular Ad-Hoc Network(Vanets)” in
Communications and Information Technologies, 2008. ISCIT 2008. International Symposium on, 2009, pp. 247 –250.
 7. ValsangkarFarid,Shirgan :“Design and Analysis of AODV Routing Protocol in VANET Using NS-2”,International
Conference on Wireless Communications, Networking and Mobile Computing, IEEE
 8. Nicklas Bejiar: “Zone Routing Protocol (ZRP)”in IEEE wireless mobile and multimedia networks,vol.4,22-258
Nov. 2010.
 9. Y.Gunter. B.Wiegel, and H.P. Grossmann, “Cluster-based medium access scheme for vanets”, Intelligent
Transportation System Conference, 2007. ITSC 2007. IEEE, pp. 343-348, 30 2007-oct. 3 2008.

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