Educational technology has evolved over time from the use of simple tools like slates and chalkboards to today's sophisticated computer technologies. It began incorporating audiovisual aids and programmed instruction before expanding to include multimedia, the internet, e-learning, and now social software and open educational resources. Theories of constructivism have guided its development by focusing on contextualized and authentic learning experiences.
Educational technology has evolved over time from the use of simple tools like slates and chalkboards to today's sophisticated computer technologies. It began incorporating audiovisual aids and programmed instruction before expanding to include multimedia, the internet, e-learning, and now social software and open educational resources. Theories of constructivism have guided its development by focusing on contextualized and authentic learning experiences.
Educational technology has evolved over time from the use of simple tools like slates and chalkboards to today's sophisticated computer technologies. It began incorporating audiovisual aids and programmed instruction before expanding to include multimedia, the internet, e-learning, and now social software and open educational resources. Theories of constructivism have guided its development by focusing on contextualized and authentic learning experiences.
Educational technology has evolved over time from the use of simple tools like slates and chalkboards to today's sophisticated computer technologies. It began incorporating audiovisual aids and programmed instruction before expanding to include multimedia, the internet, e-learning, and now social software and open educational resources. Theories of constructivism have guided its development by focusing on contextualized and authentic learning experiences.
Download as PPTX, PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
Download as pptx, pdf, or txt
You are on page 1/ 39
Every teacher and learners are user of
educational technology. Educators are
aware that technology is here to stay and be useful tools in enhancing teaching-learning activities. Technology as the use of gadgets, tools, or equipment to perform a task expediently and efficiently Technology as the collection of tools, including machinery, modifications, arrangements and procedures Other gadgets as Technology The teacher as a Technology Educational Technology as the selection , development, managing and use of appropriate technological processes and resources Educational Technology as the choice of appropriate principles in the preparation and utilization of conventional and non-conventional technology tools as well as traditional and alternative teaching strategies Establishing a framework DESIGN to guide in planning the educational technology Using the design or DEVELOPMENT framework, materials are produced and developed Implementing and using UTILIZATION the materials. It is also known as the action phase Monitoring, assessing, and giving judgment on the extent of Evaluation usefulness of the learning material in achieving the expected outcome.
It is applied in the implementation of all Management domains and its effect on the outcome of learning. The theory and practice of design includes: Instructional System Design Instructional Strategies Learner’s Characteristics Technology is based on a theory. Theories are result of experts’ studies. Technology utilizes theories to build or develop tools and gadgets. The most related theory to technology is constructivism. Constructivism provides representation of reality Constructivism represents the natural complexity of the real world Constructivism represents authentic tasks which focus on contextualizing rather than abstracting Constructivism provides real world case-based learning environments rather than pre-determined instructional events Constructivism fosters reflective practice Constructivism promotes context and content The theory and practice of development of educational technology includes: →Print technologies →Audio technologies →Still visuals →Audio-visual technologies →ICT’s →Electronic technologies →Integrated technologies The theory and practice on utilization on educational technology includes:
→Media utilization →Implementation →Institutionalization →Policies and Regulation The theory and practice on management of educational technology includes: →Project management →Resources management →Management of delivery system →Diffusion of innovation The theory and practice of evaluation on educational technology includes:
→Problem analysis →Measurement →Formative Evaluation →Summative Evaluation The focus on integration of technology will be on facilitating and enhancing the teaching-learning episodes undertaken by both the teachers and the students . Utilization of tools and techniques to improve student learning is the main concern of Educational Technology manifested by the acquisition of the learning outcome. Refers to the ability to use with ease and confidence with the equipment, tools or gadgets The stone age technology could be shown by the ignition of fire by rubbing two stones, hand-made weapon, manufacturing, utensils making using stones and the use of clothing from animal skin and fur. The bronze age period showed the development of agricultural technology, fishing techniques and domesticating animals and establishment of permanent homes instead of going from one place to another. The people also developed the metal technology using copper and bronze. Resorting to iron smelting technology since iron was cheaper than bronze. The iron age was the last period prior to the discovery of writing. Paul Saettler(2004) traced the development of educational technology during ancient civilization. Tribal priests introduced bodies of knowledge and ancient culture, and introduced sign writing or pictographs to record or transmit information. The Chinese Civilization, contributed technology like paper, seismological detectors, toilet paper, matches, iron plough, suspension bridge, wheelbarrow, parachute, natural gas as fuel, magnetic compass, elevated relief map and gun powder. Ancient Egyptian language which was one of the longest surviving and used language in the world. Their script was made up of the pictures of the real things like birds, animals, different tools, etc. These pictures are popularly called hieroglyph. Their language was made up of above 500 hieroglyphs which are known as HIEROGLYPHICS. Johannes Gutenberg, German inventor, invented the printing press that took place in approximately 1450 AD.
In 1873, educational technology paved its
way to be known as audio-visual education when an international exhibition held in Vienna showcased the winning American exhibition of maps, charts, textbooks, and other equipment. ►when industry was at the handwork or artisan level the instructional processes utilized gadgets like the Slate, horn book, blackboard, and chalk. ►Textbook with few illustrations. ►charts and pictures Maria Montessori(1870-1952),an internationally renowned child educator. Developed graded designated activities to provide for the proper sequencing of subject matter for each individual learner.
Charles Babbage- design of a general purpose
computing device laid the foundation of the modern computer in 1883.
►Automated teaching devices.
In 1929 , the first practical use of regular television broadcast. 1936, the olympic games were shown on television in Berlin. 1950, open circuit television began to broadcast entertainment. 1960, television was used in education. 1943, first computing machine was design by Babbage. 1966, O.K Moore- developed a talking type tutorial (CAI) In 1956, Benjamin Bloom introduced the taxonomy of educational objectives through his publication, “The Taxonomy of Educational Objectives, The Classification of Educational Goals, Handbook 1:Cognitive Domain.” 1961, Micro teaching technique- was first adopted by Dwight W. Allen. In 21st Century- Electronics is the main technology being developed. Associate with the use of aids like charts, maps, symbols, models, specimens and concrete materials. Educational technology referred to audio-visual aids. The development of educational technology refers to the introduction of electronic through the sophisticated hardware and software. Educational technology revolved around the use of communication enhancement equipment to promote mass media for instructional purposes. Educational technology exemplified individualized teaching and learning with the used of programmed learning and programmed instruction. “The latest concept of educational technology is influenced by the concept of system engineering or system approach which focuses on language laboratories, teaching machines, programmed instruction, multimedia technologies and the use of the computer in instruction. 1. Late 1970’s- Early 1980’s: Programming, Drill and Practice
This is the era when computers were
beginning to be used in school. It was in the early years of 1980’s when teachers were teaching “ADP” in class which stands for “automated data processing” using Nokia MikroMikko. 2. Late 1980’s- early 1990’s: Computer- Based Training(CBT) with Multimedia This was known as the golden era of CD-ROMs and multimedia computers which contributed a lot to students’ learning. Students appeared to learn better by watching movies/animations and listening to audios whereas some learned better by reading or watching still images. 3. Early 1990’s: Internet-Based Training(IBT)
The third wave of using computers in
education came with the adoption of the World Wide Web. Since information changes so fast, the internet became a rich source of the expanding knowledge in giving internet based-training but again without the multimedia, all one could do on the internet were early experiments with animations, videos and audios. 4. Late 1990’s-Early 2000: E-Learning
Improvements were made on the
internet-based training in late 1990’s and early 2000 in the form of e- learning. The e-learning industry was built, even though it was not proven that anyone(except the IT managers) needed these products. 5. Late 2000: Social Software + Free and Open Content
In the late 2000,social software and free
and open content marked a real breakthrough in the field of educational technology. Blogs and wikis have already brought web back to its original idea: simple tool for personal notes are easily accessible and even editable by peers and your potential peers.
