Scribd
Upload
78 views

OOP in C++ - Lecture 5

1. A friend function is a non-member function that is granted access to the private and protected members of a class. It is declared inside the class with the friend keyword. 2. The function definition must be outside the class without using the friend keyword. 3. A function can be declared as a friend to multiple classes, and a class can have multiple friend functions.

Uploaded by

zaibakhan8
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PPTX, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
78 views

OOP in C++ - Lecture 5

1. A friend function is a non-member function that is granted access to the private and protected members of a class. It is declared inside the class with the friend keyword. 2. The function definition must be outside the class without using the friend keyword. 3. A function can be declared as a friend to multiple classes, and a class can have multiple friend functions.

Uploaded by

zaibakhan8
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PPTX, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
You are on page 1/ 11

Topic: Friend Functions

Course Name:
Object Oriented
Programming with
C/C++
Course Code:
19008600
Friend Function
 Access Privileges in C++
◦ You have access privileges in C++ such as
public, private, protected that helps in
encapsulation of data at various level.
 Private:
If data are declared as private in a class
then its accessible by the member
functions of the class where they are
declared.
The private member functions can be
accessed only by the member of the class.
By default, any member of the class is
considered as private by the C++ compiler,
if no specifier is declared for the member.
Friend Function(Cont…)
 Public:
 The member functions with public access specifier
can be accessed outside of the class. This kind of
members is accessed by creating instance of class.

 Protected:
 Protected members are accessible by the class itself
and its subclasses.
 This specifier specially used when you need to use
inheritance facility of C++.
 The protected members become private of a child
class in case of private inheritance, public in case of
public inheritance, stay protected in case of protected
inheritance.
Friend Function(Cont…)
 When we want our private data to be shared by non
member function.
Then:
• Basically , we declare something as a friend, you give it
access to your private data members.
• Single functions or entire classes may be declared as
friends of a class.
Friend Function(Cont…)
 A friend function is a non-member function of the class
that has been granted access to all private members of
the class.
 We simply declare the function within the class by
prefixing its declaration with keyword friend.
 Function definition must not use keyword friend.
 Definition of friend function is specified outside the
class body and is not treated as a part of the class.
 The MAJOR difference b/w member function and friend
function is that the member function is accessed
through object to be passed as parameter.
Syntax
 class<class_name>
{
……
public:
friend return_type function_name(class_name obj)

};
return_type function_name(class_name obj)
{

}
Note:
 Friend Function must present inside
the function. However, function must
be defined outside the class without
using “Friend” keyword.
 Since it is not a member of a class, a
friend function is directly called
without using object.
 A function can be friend to multiple
classes.
 A class can have multiple Friend
Function.
Ques Write a program in C++ to find out useful life of a product using class &
object. Use friend function to calculate the lifetime of product.
#include<iostream.h>
#include<conio.h>
Class PRO
{
int mfg, exp;
public:
void input ( );
friend void lifetime(PRO);
};
void PRO : : input( )
{
cout<< “Enter the year of manufacture & expiry: “;
cin>> mfg>> exp;
}
void lifetime(PRO p1)
{
int LOP=0;
LOP=p1.exp – p1.mfg;
cout<< “ Useful life of a product : “ << LOP <<‘’yrs”;
}
void main( )
{
PRO p2;
p2.input;
lifetime(p2); //Friend Function is called
getch();
}
Ques Write a program in C++ to illustrate the concept that a function can friend of
multiple classes.

#include<iostream.h>
#include<conio.h>
class TWO; //Forward declaration of class
class ONE
{
int n1;
public:
void input ( );
friend void add(ONE,TWO); //Friend Function of class one
};
void ONE: : input( )
{
cout<< “Enter the value of n1: “;
cin>> n1;
}
class TWO
{
int n2;
public:
void input ( );
friend void add(ONE,TWO); //Friend Function of class two
};
void TWO: : input( )
{
cout<< “Enter the value of n1: “;
cin>> n2;
}
Void add(ONE o1,TWO t1)
{
int sum=0;
sum=o1.n1 + t1.n2;
cout<< “ Sum is “ <<sum;
}
Void main( )
{
ONE o2;
o2.input();
TWO t2;
t2.input();
add(02,t2);
}

Ques (Do it own your own)


Write C++ program to illustrate the concept that a class can have
multiple friend function.
Ques (Do it own your own)
Write C++ program to illustrate the concept that a class can have
multiple friend function.

Ques (Do it own your own)


Write a program to find Maximum out of Two Numbers Using Friend
Function.

Ques (Do it own your own)


Write a program to swap private data members of classes named as
class_1, class_2 using friend function.

You might also like