The Oriental Hotel, Palo, Leyte

21-25, November 2016

 Resource map
 Satellite images as base map
 PGIS (Participatory GIS)
 Overview of PGIS activities
 Steps in conducting the PGIS
1) Satellite data capture
I. Download Google Earth Pro
II. Offline caching in Google Earth Pro
III. Updating Google Earth images
IV. Capturing coordinates of image in Google Earth Pro
V. Georeferencing Google Earth images in QGIS
VI. Transforming the image
VII. Merging images
VIII. Printing the map on tarpaulin

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2) Enhanced community resource mapping
I. Preparing the base map and the clear plastic
transparency/book cover
II. Co-registering the 4 placemarks on the traced clear
plastic transparency
III. Assigning the number of layers to represent the
themes in the resource map
IV. Assigning legends and pen color convention
3) Converting resource maps to digital form
I. Taking photograph of tarp and traced clear plastic
transparency

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 Provides the top view of the community
 Shows distribution of resources of the
community, e.g. forest cover, rivers, springs,
irrigated land, crops, residential areas,
watersheds, grazing lands, etc.

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 Printed on tarpaulin
 Primary resource information for community
stakeholders to work on.
 Community members are encouraged to
validate the information provided by the base
map, as well as, modify the latter if
information from their inherent knowledge
and memory provides more up-to-date and
more valid information as that provided by
the base map.

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 Making GIT (Geographic Information
Technologies) available to disadvantaged groups
in society in order to enhance their capacity in
generating, managing, analyzing and
communicating spatial information.
 Participatory GIS is an enhancement to current
mapping activities done during PSA.
 Conversion of community’s perceptions and
shared experiences from the usual
resource/hand-drawn maps into digital
maps/computer-generated maps using GIS.

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 Terrain/3D Mapping
Sand mapping Satellite
imagery/remote
sensing mapping
 Answer of
spatial queries
at different
levels, such
Resource map/Hand-drawn Digitized map with as:
a) Delineation of
map of PSA basic map elements sitio and
barangays in a
a) municipality
Georeferenced b) Concentration of
poor HHs and
social services
c) Location of
duplicate
initiatives
c) Connected d) Pattern of SP
to types and
information poverty
b) Scaled incidence
e) Location of
livelihood
activities for
resource-based
analysis
f) Location of
marginalized
sectors and
disaster risk
areas
g) And many more!
 Participatory GIS is an enhancement to current mapping
activities done during PSA.
 Conversion of community’s perceptions and shared
experiences from the usual resource/hand-drawn maps
into digital maps/computer-generated maps using GIS.
 Digitizing of PSA maps for better storage, retrieval,
consolidation and comparison
 Incorporation of basic technology and cartographic
techniques (coordinate systems and projections) in PSA to
make the resource maps useful and effective
communication tools
 Use of satellite images as base maps printed in tarpaulin.
 Identification of sitio and barangay boundaries on the base
map.
 Where a boundary cannot be identified on the base map,
the boundary can be surveyed using a geo-tagging device.
 Participatory GIS is an enhancement to current mapping
activities done during PSA.
 The volunteers’ comments and conversations will be
translated into formal information and will be reflected
on a map through attribution.
 Identification of high risk areas, evacuation centers and
routes for DRRM
 Gathering and incorporation of existing spatial
information from other offices & LGUs. (CBMS, NSO,
MDRRMC, etc.)
 Geo-tagging of critical facilities, if possible even location
of households (later other facilities and landholdings)
 Build the spatial knowledge and skills of the community so
they can communicate and influence the decisions and
policies that affect their lives.
 Progression in mapping activities – starting with basic
info during initial cycle and gradual build-up of
information in succeeding cycles
 After maps are digitized, on the next cycle, the volunteers will help in updating
and identifying spatial information gaps on the map (newly developed infra,
additional facilities, damaged structures by disaster, etc.)
 Engagement of MIAC technical staff and purok
leaders/volunteers in the process of:
 building up necessary spatial data sets prior to PSA
 digitization and consolidation of sitio/barangay maps
 Sharing of map products to those who generated the
data and shared their knowledge
 Provision of digitized high resolution maps to barangay halls for printing (satellite
imagery, administrative boundary map, hazard map)
 Use of PGIS maps during decision-making activities
(MIBF, etc.) and Talakayan
 Initially focused on CLPI
 Printing of maps for hand-outs for better recall
◦ CEAC activities (CSW, PDW, MIBF, etc.) need a consolidated map.
◦ Local information overlays will provide a deeper analysis for the
community.
◦ PGIS can make the process easier by standardizing.
◦ We can help the communities communicate spatial knowledge to
external agencies.
◦ This will allow communities to record and archive local
knowledge.
◦ GIS exists only at the national and regional level and lacks local
information.
◦ Map products of PSA are:
 not useful when locational accuracy is important.
 not produced to scale, not accurate nor precise.
 not replicable and can’t be produced for dissemination.
 materials used are fragile and impermanent.
 lacks credibility as a formal decision-making tool.
 provides limited perspective of the local condition and landscape.
 There is a need to integrate GIS at the national, regional and
subregional levels to the resource maps at the community level to
come up with well informed decisions in program management,
resource planning and decision-making processes.
Comprehensive GIS analysis for
program management and
local development at different
levels

Information from Software Skills and Local knowledge

NGAs and trainings and shared
(DSWD, DWPH, DOST, hardware experiences on a map
DENR, NCIP)
 Pilot Regions: FO IV-A, FO CARAGA, & FO III
 Pilot Municipalities: 2 in IV-A, 3 in CARAGA
and 1 in FO III
 QGIS Training for RPMO and SRPMO
 QGIS Training for M/BLGU staff, ACT, MCT
 Orientation to NPMO, RPMO, ACT
 Municipal PSA demo workshop
 Actual PSA using PGIS technique
 TA on post processing of maps

14
 Overview of PGIS activities in KC-NCDDP
2 3

1 Satelite
image
capture
from Google
Earth Photo
capture
Pre- using phone Georeferencing
processing Enhanced resource mapping
camera of traced plastic
of satellite Key Actors: PSA volunteers in QGIS
imagery Key Actors: ACT, SRPMO and RPMO

4 Digital
Printing on manipulation in
tarpaulin QGIS

Key Actors: SRPMO

Key Actors: ACT, SRPMO and RPMO and RPMO
1

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 You can download via :
https://www.google.com/earth/

 Install it to your computer.

 Ifyou do not have the Google Earth Pro

License, use the following settings:
Username : your GMAIL account
Password : GEPFREE

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 Toolbar Buttons

Search Panel

Navigation

Places Panel 3D Viewer

Zoom Slider

Layers Panel

Status Bar

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a) Search Panel – for finding and getting
directions
b) Places Panel – for saving and organizing
KML/KMZ files
c) Layers Panel – for displaying different layers
d) Toolbar Buttons – for adding new features to
the map, measuring features, etc.

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e) Navigation – rotates and tilts the view, pans the
map
f) 3D Viewer – for viewing the globe and map
features
g) Zoom Slider – zooms in and out on the map
h) Status Bar – shows coordinates, elevation,
imagery date and streaming status of the map

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21
Conceal and display
Display sunlight
the side bar
View the sky, moon
Add a placemark
and planet
Measure a distance
Add a polygon
and area

Add a line Email a view or image

Print the current view

Overlay an image
of the earth
Show the current view
Record a tour
in Google Maps
Display historical
image
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 Caching – a process of storing data so that
future request for that data can be served
faster.

 Two caching modes:

Offline
Online/real-time – when the computer is connected
to the internet

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 Storesthe Google Earth imagery locally. The
image will no longer be downloaded over and
over again from the server when you scroll
across different areas.

 Two sets of locally cached data:

Memory Cached – data is stored in the systems
RAM (Random Access Memory). But vanishes when
you exit the application.
Disk Cached – data is stored in the hard drive. Will
persist after program exits.
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 To
set the size for these caches, go to Tools>
Options.
 Maximum Values
Memory : 500MB*
Disk : 2000MB

*Only if your RAM is above

1GB. If not, lower the
values because this will
impede performance.

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 “Pre-caching” – saving your cached images in a
different folder for future use.
 Cached images are stored in :
 Windows XP Users (C:\Documents and Settings\%username%\Local
Settings\Application Data\Google\GoogleEarth)
 Windows Vista and Windows 7 Users
(C:\Users\%username%\AppData\Local or
LocalLow\Google\GoogleEarth)
 Windows 8 Users (C:\Users\%username%\AppData\Local or
LocalLow\Google\GoogleEarth)
 Youcan transfer files back-and-forth from your
cached folder to the GE original directory.

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 Youcan manually create a localized Google Earth
cache file with the following steps.

1) Go to Tools > Options > Cache.

2) Click “Clear disk cache”.
3) Set the “Memory Cache Size” to 16/32MB.
4) Click “Clear memory cache” then Exit.
5) Set your viewing altitude (the “Eye alt”) for the desired
imagery resolution. (750-800 meters)
6) Wait for the “data loading” indicator, a solid light-blue
circle indicates downloading is complete for that area.

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7) With the mouse or cursor keys, move to an
adjacent area that overlaps with the first area and
wait for the “data loading” indicator.
8) Repeat this process until you’ve covered your
entire area of interest.

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 Create cache image of your
sitio/barangay/municipality.

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A. Historical Imagery Time Slider

By default Google Earth shows the highest-quality

images available for any given location, thus older
imagery may be shown if it is clearer than newer
imagery.

You can browse historical imagery for any location by

going to View > Historical Imagery, or by clicking the
Clock icon on your toolbar.

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B. Request for updated images

1) Go to https://followyourworld.appspot.com/
2) Log-in using your GMAIL account
3) Follow these steps:
Step 1. Find a location
Search for the area by entering the name of a country, state,
city, or a specific address. You can also enter the exact
latitude/longitude of the location. Click “Search Location” to
submit your search.
Step 2. Drag the map to center the cross-hairs on the exact
point that you would like to mark. Click “Select Point” to auto-
generate the correct latitude and longitude.
Step 3. Enter a location or edit the name to track this point in
your dashboard. Click “Submit” when all the info is correct.
Step 4. You'll receive an email to confirm your subscription.

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1) Go to Tools>Options and click Navigation tab. Under
the Navigation pane, click the first option that says “Do
not automatically tilt while zooming”.
2) Right click the My Places panel>Add>Folder.
3) Rename the new folder into the name of your barangay
or sitio and POI (Sayon_POI).
4) Zoom to find the municipal hall and barangay hall.
5) Rename the new folder into the name of your barangay
or sitio.
6) In the 3D viewer, zoom in to your area of interest. This
may be your barangay or sitio.
7) Click “Add Polygon” or “Add Path” icon.
8) With the help of the community volunteers, purok
leaders or barangay kagawad, plot the boundary of
your barangay. *(Name your newly added boundary)
9) Click and drag the plotted barangay boundary inside
the barangay folder.
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8) Go to View > Grid.
9) Within your barangay/sitio
boundary, zoom in until your view
contains two square grids at an
altitude of 750 to 800 meters. This
will serve as one image.
10) Click “Add Placemark” icon.
*(Make sure that your sitio/barangay
folder is selected in Places Panel)
11) Change the symbol of the
placemark as a crosshair [+].
12) Drag the placemark icon to the
upper left hand corner of the
image. Locate a familiar point in
your area of interest and put it
there.

35
 Two square grids

36
13) Name placemark as Corner 1 . Then click OK
14) Click “Add Placemark” icon again and place it in
the upper right hand corner. Name it as Corner 2.
15) Repeat steps 10-13 until you have four points.
16) To save image, click Save Image button

37
17) In the Map Option dropdown, select only Scale
and Compass.
18) Resolution should be at maximum (i.e.
4800x2628)
19) When ready, click Save image file to disk tab.
(Remove Grid before saving the image)

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 Numbering of Corners
1. 2 5

3 4 6

7 8 9

10 11 12

13 14 15

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 Image Capture
1. 2 5

3 4 6

7 8 9

10 11 12

13 14 15

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 (Do the following steps if image editing is needed)
15) Still in Google Earth Pro, Click the EDIT Menu and select
COPY IMAGE. This loads the image on the computer’s
memory.
16) Open any photo editing software. This can be the
PHOTOPAINT software or MICROSOFT OFFICE
PICTURE MANAGER which usually comes as a
bundled software in all Microsoft-based operating
systems. If you have other more sophisticated
software such as ADOBE PHOTOSHOP, this will
similarly be useful.

41
17) PASTE the copied image from Google Earth on
the photo editing software, in this case we are using
Photopaint.
18) Once pasted, SAVE the file. Click on FILE menu
then SAVE AS. Save this with an extension of .TIF
file. You can name it with your preferred file name.
Click OK and close or minimize Microsoft Office
Picture Manager program.
19) Back to your Google Earth layer panel, drag the
four corner point layers/placemarks inside your
barangay folder.

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20) Right click your sitio/barangay folder and click
Save Place As.
21) Browse to your selected folder and type a file
name and save as type “KML”, the click Save.
22) You may share the KML file to your colleague via
email.

44
 Capture the satellite image of your sitio or
barangay from Google Earth Pro.

45
Georeferencing - to define its existence in physical
space that is establishing its location in terms of
map projections or coordinate systems.

Used in establishing relationship between raster

and vector images and their coordinate information.

Used when determining the spatial location of other

geographical features.

46
1) Open QGIS by clicking on the icon on your
desktop. Add your KML file of points from Google
Earth.
2) Click Raster > Georeferencer > Georeferencer.

47
3) Click Open Raster.
4) Choose the image file from Google Earth.

48
5) Select WGS84 and click OK.

49
6) Zoom to Corner 1.
7) Click Add Point. Click on the crosshair

50
8) Select “From map canvas” button.

9) You will be directed to the QGIS main interface.

51
9) Find and click your corresponding corner. (i.e.
Corner 1)
10) Click Ok.

52
11) Click Zoom to Layer, to have a full view of the
whole image.
12) Repeat steps 6-10 for the three remaining points.

53
 Image transformation is done while in the
Georeferencer window.

1) Click “Transformation Settings” button.

2) Select the following criteria:
 Transformation Type : Linear
 Resampling Method : Nearest Neighbor
 Compression : LZW
3) Choose the Output Raster destination directory
and save the new raster file.
4) Tick the box labelled, “Load in QGIS when done”.
5) Click OK.

54
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6) Click “Start Georeferencing” button.
7) Choose WGS84 when asked again for the
coordinate system. Then click OK.
8) Before closing the Georeferencer window, click
File and Save GCP points as GCP file so you can
load them later.
9) Close the Georeferencer window.

56
Import all your georeferenced images to QGIS to
check if the locations are correct.

57
Go to Raster > Miscellaneous > Merge
Select Input files. Merge
4-8 images.
Select directory and
Output file
Tick “Load into canvas
when finished”.
Click OK.

58
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1) Go to Print Composer.
2) Go to Composition Tab to set Page size.
 4 X 5 Feet (48 X 60 Inches)
3) Click Add New Map.
4) Resize your work area to fit your page.
5) Adjust your image. DPI value should be 96.
6) Add your map elements (Title, Arrow, Scale)
7) When satisfied, click Composer > Export as
Image.
8) Name your file.
9) Select type as JPEG.

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Export the map from QGIS into a PDF or JPEG
format.
The DTI eBNRS (e-Business Name Registry System )
can be accessed at the link below:
http://www.bnrs.dti.gov.ph/web/guest/search

Tarp size: 5 X 4 Feet

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2

63
 Prepare the tarpaulin maps of the barangay and the
plastic book cover (2 layers/pieces for each tarp)
 From your team, designate who will:
 Tape the tarp map on the wall
 Tape the plastic book cover over the tarp map
 Trace with a permanent pen the 4 corners of the plastic
book cover
 Capture the photograph of the traced plastic book cover
 Present and discuss the powerpoint presentation #9
Introduction to GIS for PSA volunteers before the
actual resource mapping.

64
1) The base map is placed and spread evenly (as
much as possible without creases) on a flat wall, and
posted rigidly using conventional masking or clear
tape.
2) Once the base map has been taped firmly on the
wall, the clear plastic book cover can now be placed
over the base map. Make sure that the plastic has
ample size to cover the whole area of the base map.
Place firmly masking or clear tapes on the edges of
the clear plastic, again avoiding to have prominent
creases on the plastic itself.

65
66
This is simply done by marking or tracing with a
permanent pen the 4 corners which were
determined earlier.
The above step is necessary,
since later, you will need to re-
encode the same set of corner
coordinates (for corners 1, 2, 3
and 4) when the photographed
plastic transparency image is
processed in QGIS.

67
Basic themes and layers that are included in the PGIS
mapping:
Layer 1: Socio-cultural and social census
 Houses, parks, church, schools, gov. buildings, hospitals,
roads, banks, etc.
Layer 2: Resources
 Forests, agricultural, industries, piggery, poultry, rivers etc.
Layer 3: Hazards and problem areas
 Memory recall of areas affected by disaster (flood, landslide,
earthquake, drought, conflict, etc.)
 Existing problematic areas

Hence, for each representative layer, a separate clear

plastic cover must be used. For the above case, layers 1
and 2 will be placed on the1st plastic transparency and
layer 3 will be placed on the 2nd plastic transparency.

68
For each identified layer early on, it is necessary
to assign a distinct permanent pen color to
make the digitization (data conversion) easier. It
is also useful to assign a distinct symbol (shape
or figure) for each theme to be mapped.
70
At the end of the
process, there
should be 2 traced
clear plastic
transparencies, each
layer one
transparency.
Merge all tarpaulin
maps and plastic
book covers to view
the whole condition
of the barangay. To facilitate the processing of the
mapping activity, refer to #9
Introduction to GIS for PSA
volunteers for details. 71
 Overview of PGIS activities in KC-NCDDP
2 3

1 Satelite
image
capture
from Google
Earth Photo
capture
Pre- using phone Georeferencing
processing Enhanced resource mapping
camera of traced plastic
of satellite Key Actors: PSA volunteers in QGIS
imagery Key Actors: ACT, SRPMO and RPMO

4 Digital
Printing on manipulation in
tarpaulin QGIS

Key Actors: SRPMO

Key Actors: ACT, SRPMO and RPMO and RPMO
3

73
74
 This technique involves moving the camera at a set
distance from an object, such as the tarpaulin map
printout.
 Post the tarpaulin maps on a flat wall with plastic
 Each picture should be shot perpendicularly to the
tarpaulin surface.
 Use a high resolution (high mega-pixel)
conventional digital camera or a phone camera.
 Capture the whole scene in a single photo frame (
2 grids size).
 Take pictures with ample lighting (not in low light
conditions which may cause blurring), ensuring
that the whole surface is lighted evenly.

75
 Avoid shadows being casted on the surface to be
photographed.
 Set the camera to the maximum resolution (e.g.
2272 x 1704 pixels) and compression capacity.
This setting will provide high quality images of
approximately 2 megabytes (MB) each.
 The saved image(s) are now in raster image
format ready for digital extraction, correction and
georeferencing.

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