Hand Hygiene: Panitia Pengendalian Infeksi Nosokomial. Dr. Ahmad D. Sudrajat
Hand Hygiene: Panitia Pengendalian Infeksi Nosokomial. Dr. Ahmad D. Sudrajat
Hand Hygiene: Panitia Pengendalian Infeksi Nosokomial. Dr. Ahmad D. Sudrajat
• Pengertian :
Noso : Penyakit Komeo : rumah sakit
Infeksi nosokomial (Hospital Acquired
infection), adalah Infeksi yang didapat atau
timbul pada waktu pasien dirawat di
Rumah Sakit / sarana pelayanan
kesehatan.
Terjadi setelah pasien dirawat minimal
2 x 24 jam
dr. Ahmad D. Sudrajat PANITIA PENGENDALIAN
INFEKSI NOSOKOMIAL.
Health care-associated infection (HCAI)
– Also referred to as “nosocomial” or “hospital”
infection
“An infection occurring in a patient during
the process of care in a hospital or other
health-care facility which was not present or
incubating at the time of admission. This
includes infections acquired in the health-care
facility but appearing after discharge, and also
occupational infections among health-care
workers of the facility”
Vienna, Austria
General Hospital,
1841–1850
1847
Di suatu rumah sakit di
dr. Ignaz P S
Wina, Austria.
Angka kematian Ibu paska persalinan di
bangsal Kebidanan yang ditangani
mahasiswa Kedokteran lebih banyak
daripada yang ditangani Bidan…….???
• Cuci tangan
dr. Ahmad D. Sudrajat PANITIA PENGENDALIAN
INFEKSI NOSOKOMIAL.
dr. Ahmad D. Sudrajat PANITIA PENGENDALIAN
INFEKSI NOSOKOMIAL.
Most frequent sites of infection
and their risk factors
URINARY TRACT INFECTIONS LOWER RESPIRATORY TRACT INFECTIONS
34% 13%
Urinary catheter Mechanical ventilation
Urinary invasive procedures Aspiration
Advanced age Nasogastric tube
Severe underlying disease Central nervous system depressants
Urolitiasis Antibiotics and anti-acids
Pregnancy Prolonged health-care facilities stay
Diabetes Most common Malnutrition
LACK OF
sites of health care- Advanced age
Surgery
associated infection Immunodeficiency
HAND
and the risk factors
SURGICAL SITE INFECTIONS underlying the BLOOD INFECTIONS
Inadequate antibiotic prophylaxis HYGIENE
occurrence of Vascular catheter
Incorrect surgical skin preparation infections Neonatal age
Inappropriate wound care Critical care
Surgical intervention duration Severe underlying disease
Type of wound Neutropenia
Poor surgical asepsis Immunodeficiency
Diabetes New invasive technologies
Nutritional state Lack of training and supervision
Immunodeficiency
Lack of training and supervision 17% 14%
Tujuan Cuci tangan :
1. Menghilangkan atau meminimalkan
mikroorganisme di tangan
2. Mencegah perpindahan
mikroorganisme dari lingkungan ke
pasien dan dari pasien ke petugas
kesehatan
3. Tindakan utama dalam pengendalian
infeksi nosokomial