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Computer Organization and Architecture 8 Edition

This chapter introduces computer architecture and organization. Architecture refers to attributes visible to programmers like the instruction set. Organization refers to how features are implemented internally. The x86 and IBM System/370 families share the same architecture but different organizations. Structure is how components relate, while function is how individual components operate as part of the structure. The chapter outlines the book which will cover topics like CPU structure, instruction sets, memory, and operating systems support.

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DaWheng Vargas
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72 views15 pages

Computer Organization and Architecture 8 Edition

This chapter introduces computer architecture and organization. Architecture refers to attributes visible to programmers like the instruction set. Organization refers to how features are implemented internally. The x86 and IBM System/370 families share the same architecture but different organizations. Structure is how components relate, while function is how individual components operate as part of the structure. The chapter outlines the book which will cover topics like CPU structure, instruction sets, memory, and operating systems support.

Uploaded by

DaWheng Vargas
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PPT, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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Computer Organization

and Architecture
8th Edition

Chapter 1
Introduction
Architecture & Organization 1
• Architecture is those attributes visible to
the programmer
—Instruction set, number of bits used for data
representation, I/O mechanisms, addressing
techniques.
—e.g. Is there a multiply instruction?
• Organization is how features are
implemented
—Control signals, interfaces, memory
technology.
—e.g. Is there a hardware multiply unit or is it
done by repeated addition?
Architecture & Organization 2
• All Intel x86 family share the same basic
architecture
• The IBM System/370 family share the
same basic architecture

• This gives code compatibility


—At least backwards
• Organization differs between different
versions
Structure & Function
• Structure is the way in which components
relate to each other
• Function is the operation of individual
components as part of the structure
Function
• All computer functions are:
—Data processing
—Data storage
—Data movement
—Control
Functional View
Operations (a) Data movement
Operations (b) Storage
Operation (c) Processing from/to storage
Operation (d)
Processing from storage to I/O
Structure - Top Level

Peripherals Computer

Central Main
Processing Memory
Unit

Computer
Systems
Interconnection

Input
Output
Communication
lines
Structure - The CPU

CPU

Computer Arithmetic
Registers and
I/O Login Unit
System CPU
Bus
Internal CPU
Memory Interconnection

Control
Unit
Structure - The Control Unit

Control Unit

CPU
Sequencing
ALU Login
Control
Internal
Unit
Bus
Control Unit
Registers Registers and
Decoders

Control
Memory
Outline of the Book (1)
• Computer Evolution and Performance
• Computer Interconnection Structures
• Internal Memory
• External Memory
• Input/Output
• Operating Systems Support
• Computer Arithmetic
• Instruction Sets
Outline of the Book (2)
• CPU Structure and Function
• Reduced Instruction Set Computers
• Superscalar Processors
• Control Unit Operation
• Microprogrammed Control
• Multiprocessors and Vector Processing
• Digital Logic (Appendix)

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